This study quantifies costs underlying dynamic pricing strategies in the tourism industry in the current context. It aims to address the lack of adaptability of traditional tourism pricing approaches to changing demand and cost structures. This work examines factors influencing travel pricing and conducts calculations taking these factors into account. The dynamics in tourism sector development indicators in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2007–2025 have been analyzed to identify growth trends in tourist flows and the volume of accommodation services. It was established that by 2025, the number of tourists entering the Republic of Kazakhstan reached 15.7 million, and the volume of services provided by accommodation facilities increased 11.4-fold compared to 2007, amounting to USD 133.8 million. Based on the identified trends, the need for dynamic pricing technologies has been substantiated, which could allow tourism enterprises to adapt service prices to changing market conditions. Based on the results of the correlation and regression analysis, a regression equation was built and the volume of services provided by accommodations was forecast. The high multiple correlation coefficient (R = 0.9749) and the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9505) indicate a strong correlation between the factors under consideration. The study's results demonstrated that the use of digital demand analysis and forecasting technologies, combined with cost management tools, enables increased flexibility in dynamic pricing and prompt adjustments to the cost of tourism services
This work examines hydrophobic polymer coatings based on unsaturated polyester resin modified with additives of various nature to protect machinery and equipment from icing. The study aims to solve the task of increasing the operational stability of polyester coatings while simultaneously ensuring their hydrophobicity, elasticity, and resistance to vibration loads. This paper reports the use of instrumental analysis methods and a series of physical and mechanical studies to establish regularities in the influence of the nature and content of modifiers on the structure formation and physical-mechanical, elastic-deformational, and hydrophobic properties of the resulting coatings. The results make it possible to improve the operational characteristics of coatings by adjusting their structure while introducing modifiers of various nature, in particular, a polymeric modifier of polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer of epoxidized soybean oil, as well as silane and graphite hydrophobizers. The revealed regularities of the polyester resin structure formation are explained by the different intermolecular and interfacial nature of the interaction of modifiers with the polyester matrix, their influence on the formation of the polymer network structure, and the mobility of molecular segments of the material. It has been established that the designed coatings are characterized by increased hydrophobicity to various aqueous media at different temperatures and the required physical-mechanical characteristics. The results could be implemented by providing the optimized selection of the composition of the polymer composition depending on the requirements for hydrophobicity and mechanical strength of the coating. In particular, it is expected to use it for protecting the surfaces of military equipment and other objects operated under intense mechanical and climatic influences
The object of this study is a system of procedures and techniques for aligning relations related to the creation, transfer, and use of innovations in the European Union, in connection with the regulation of the innovation cycle. The directions of improving the regulation of these relations have been investigated by introducing a single object of regulatory influence within the framework of the introduction of a single promising regulatory approach. As a result of the study, it was established that the existing regulatory algorithms are aimed at individual forms of innovation manifestation, and not at the holistic cycle of their use. The need for improving procedures for regulating innovation relations in the European Union has been established. The feasibility of reforming regulatory influence on the basis of a conceptual transition from fragmentary regulation of individual elements of innovation to a single complex object of regulatory influence has been confirmed. The possibility of using the Innovation Life Cycle as the specified object is proven. It has been established that such a replacement could make it possible to overcome the fragmentation of innovation regulation, minimize the consequences of global geopolitical challenges, and implement the strategy "Compass of Competitiveness of the European Union". This study focuses on substantiating proposals for improving the means of regulating innovation relations in the European Union. The results could be used in the formation of innovation policy both at the level of the European Union and at the level of national regulatory systems of its member states. Additionally, they could be useful in the work on forming the final content of the European Innovation Act (EIA), as well as serve as a basis for further scientific research on the outlined issues
This study investigates business processes at an agro-industrial enterprise undergoing digital transformation. Local automation of individual operations hinders the systemic transition from the current state of processes (AS-IS) to the target state (TO-BE). The task addressed relates to the lack of a unified methodological approach to the digital transformation of agro-industrial enterprises, combining modeling, redesign, and performance evaluation. The devised methodological approach includes enterprise analysis, AS-IS modeling, process analysis, TO-BE design, and performance evaluation. The devised methodological approach was tested at a commercial dairy farm. AS-IS and TO-BE business process models were built in BPMN 2.0 notation using Camunda Modeler software (Germany). . Simulation results demonstrated the potential to reduce process duration by 43.8% and cost by 35.6%. The resulting changes are explained by the optimization of the operational sequence, partial automation of the process, reduction in the duration of manual operations, as well as the implementation of manual cleanup only when deviations are detected. A key feature of the results is the construction of a unified methodological sequence linking enterprise architectural analysis, business process modeling, and redesign with a preliminary quantitative assessment of digital transformation results. The proposed approach could be implemented if there is information on the current state of business processes and the readiness to transition to the target
This work analyzes the process that determines the impact of crisis phenomena and factors on the functioning of airlines and assesses their financial stability, thus substantiating the choice of appropriate development strategies. The task addressed relates to the need for aviation industry to overcome the crisis by improving the financial stability of airlines as market participants. The results show that increasing the level of financial stability of airlines makes it possible to improve operational efficiency through cost optimization and asset restructuring. This provides an increase in the volume of air transportation, as well as enhances the level of competitiveness in the market. An adaptive model for the aviation industry's exit from the crisis has been proposed, based on five interconnected modules. This allows for a comprehensive assessment of the internal potential of airlines, to ensure their uninterrupted functioning under conditions of uncertainty, and to suggest a flexible development strategy. The results of assessing the financial stability of airlines and selecting appropriate development strategies based on it showed that the most appropriate under the conditions of crisis phenomena for airlines is the use of the adaptive restructuring strategy (63.4%), and the managed growth strategy (58.3%). This indicates the importance of constant monitoring of financial indicators, flexible redistribution of resources, and prompt adjustment of management decisions, in contrast to the use of static anti-crisis programs, which are less effective in the activities of an airline. The practical implication of the proposed model includes its use in the practice of airlines in order to build an adaptive model for the aviation industry's exit from the crisis, improve financial stability and the level of personnel knowledge
