Following the COVID-19 pandemic, new norms known as the “new normal” were developed and moralized worldwide. Adherence to these moralized norms has been studied as a function of individual differences, such as moral values. Moral Foundations Theory identifies five domains of moral judgment. The Care and Fairness foundations are collectively referred to as the individualizing foundation, while the Ingroup, Authority, and Purity foundations are classified as the binding foundation. However, even when the content of the norms is identical, their effectiveness may depend on how they are presented. Message senders should tailor the communication of norms to align with the values of potential receivers, thereby increasing the likelihood that more individuals will adhere to these norms. This study tested the effects of moral values on the acceptance of moralized norms presented in different frames during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Grounded in the theoretical framework of the Model of Moral Motives, Studies 1a and 1b each investigated a single type of framing—prescriptive in 1a and proscriptive in 1b. In Study 2, we employed the same set of norms as in Study 1 but tested both framing types and incorporated additional control variables. The findings examined whether individuals’ focus on individualizing or binding moral foundations selectively predicted norm acceptance as a function of message framing. The findings suggest that individual moral values moderate acceptance of norms in different frames. This has implications for how message senders reach appropriate targets.
The construct of mindfulness has gained significant prominence in psychological and neuroscientific research; however, its definition remains inconsistent across academic literature. This systematic review, guided by the PRISMA methodology, aimed to examine how mindfulness is currently conceptualized in relation to executive functions (EFs). A purposive search of Google Scholar identified 36 eligible studies published between 2019 and 2024 that provided explicit definitions or conceptual frameworks for mindfulness. Through qualitative content analysis, nine distinct EF categories were used to code 102 extracted definitions. The most frequently represented functions were attention regulation, self-monitoring, and emotional and behavioral self-regulation, suggesting that mindfulness is primarily defined as a metacognitive capacity for present-moment awareness and adaptive control. Less commonly referenced functions included planning, organization, and working memory. A co-occurrence analysis revealed dominant EF clusters, while a temporal analysis showed increasing complexity in definitions over time. Notably, the study identifies a conceptual gap between the definitional emphasis on attentional and affective regulation and empirical findings that highlight higher-order cognitive mechanisms such as psychological flexibility and inhibitory control. These findings underscore the need to integrate executive and neurocognitive processes into future theoretical models of mindfulness to enhance conceptual clarity, improve measurement, and inform intervention design.
Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati odnos između crta Mračne tetrade i strategije online samoprezentiranja povezane s perfekcionističkim selfom, uz ispitivanje medijacijskoga učinka straha od negativne evaluacije na taj odnos. Na uzorku od 320 sudionika iz Srbije (63.4 % ženskoga spola) u ranoj odrasloj dobi (18 – 25 godina) primijenjene su srpske adaptacije Kratke Mračne tetrade, Kratke skale straha od negativne evaluacije i Skale perfekcionističkoga online samopredstavljanja. Rezultati medijacijske analize pokazuju da makijavelizam i (grandiozni) narcizam imaju izravne pozitivne učinke na sklonost perfekcionističkomu online selfu i pokazuju neizravne učinke preko straha od negativne evaluacije. Narcizam je pozitivno povezan s perfekcionističkim online selfom preko nižega straha od negativne evaluacije. Drugim riječima, što je narcizam viši, to je strah od negativne evaluacije niži, ali istodobno je izraženija i sklonost perfekcionističkomu online samopredstavljanju. S druge strane, makijavelizam je pozitivno povezan s perfekcionističkim online selfom preko izraženijega straha od negativne evaluacije. Usto, psihopatija je negativno povezana s perfekcionističkim online selfom preko nižega straha od negativne evaluacije, dok sadizam nije ostvario značajan ni izravni ni neizravni učinak. Rezultati pokazuju diferencirane obrasce povezanosti crta Mračne tetrade sa strategijama perfekcionističkoga online samopredstavljanja te ističu diferenciranu regulatornu ulogu straha od negativne evaluacije u kreiranju digitalnoga identiteta.
Wisdom can be understood as a resource for adaptation and adjustment that contributes to well-being in various demanding life circumstances, including aging as both a biological process and a sociohistorical phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between wisdom and subjective well-being and ill-being in individuals over 60 years of age, using two independent groups assessed a decade apart. Well-being included self-esteem, self-rated health, and life satisfaction, while ill-being encompassed anxiety and depression symptoms. One group consisted of 113 participants aged 60–89 in 2012 and the other included 118 participants in 2022. Wisdom was assessed using the Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS), which provided a total score and scores on five subscales: experience, emotional regulation, reminiscence/reflectiveness, humour, and openness. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding life satisfaction, health, and overall wisdom, except that openness was slightly higher in 2022. Self-esteem, anxiety, and depression symptoms were higher in the 2022 group. When the groups were combined, age was weakly negatively associated with health and positively associated with anxiety symptoms, and women reported marginally higher anxiety levels. Controlling for age, gender, and group, wisdom dimensions modestly contributed to higher life satisfaction and self-esteem, to better health, and fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. Except for reminiscence/reflectiveness, the other four wisdom dimensions individually predicted at least one well-being variable, with emotional regulation and humour showing the strongest effects. These findings suggest that fostering wisdom throughout life may enhance well-being in old age.
Prvi razred strukovnih škola razdoblje je u kojemu su učenici i dalje u sustavu obrazovanja, a istovremeno se od njih očekuje da oblikuju svoj profesionalni identitet. To zahtijeva visoku razinu angažiranosti i prilagodbe te što bolje uvjete za ispunjavanje razvojnih zadataka. Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio provjeriti kakva je uloga socioekonomskoga statusa obitelji, objektivnoga i subjektivnoga osnovnoškolskog uspjeha te roditeljske podrške u objašnjenju karijerne adaptabilnosti i školske angažiranosti učenika strukovnih škola. Istraživanje je provedeno na 1126 učenika i učenica prvoga razreda strukovnih srednjih škola u Hrvatskoj. Uz mjere karijerne adaptabilnosti i školske angažiranosti, učenici su ispunjavali pitanja o socioekonomskom statusu, objektivnome i subjektivnome osnovnoškolskom uspjehu te percipiranim roditeljskim ponašanjima povezanima s karijerom učenika. Socioekonomski status imao je značajnu, ali minimalnu ulogu u objašnjenju varijance karijerne adaptabilnosti, a neznačajnu u slučaju školske angažiranosti. Iako je uvođenje objektivnoga i subjektivnoga osnovnoškolskog uspjeha rezultiralo povećanjem objašnjenja varijance obaju kriterija, najznačajniji doprinos objašnjenju angažiranosti i adaptabilnosti daje percipirana roditeljska podrška. Roditeljska podrška, zajedno sa subjektivnim školskim uspjehom, objasnila je 25.1 % varijance karijerne adaptabilnosti te 14.5 % varijance školske angažiranosti. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da bi roditelji, kao važne figure u životu učenika, trebali stvoriti podržavajuću okolinu u kojoj učenici mogu ispuniti svoje obrazovne zadatke i razviti buduće karijere.
