In this paper, an optimal model for the transportation of emergency resource is established on chance constrained stochastic programming. We use Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) to approximate the chance constraint, and we get the approximation problem of the chance constrained stochastic programming by using the sample average approximation (SAA) method. For a given sample, the SAA problem is a deterministic nonlinear programming (NLP) and any appropriate NLP code can be applied to solve the problem. The model and method provide a new way for the emergency logistics management engineering.
After investigating the present situation of housing industrialization in Wuhan, we sum up the main influent factors of Wuhan city housing industrialization. And applies the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to establish mathematical model. The model objectively judges various factor of each level through certain quantity of housing industrialization workers, gives the relative importance of every factor in quantitative representation, then calculates the target weights of all factors and finally analyze the results which can be used to provide suggestions for housing industrialization development in Wuhan city.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of organizational features and context variables on the proneness of University-Industry cooperation (UIC) in the R&D and engineering process. Using survey data of manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong province of China, the paper shows that the probability of cooperation with university significantly depends on various organizational factors including firm size and enterprise absorptive capacity. In addition, the actually pay tax the collection of business-to-market and technical information, and market position are also important driving factors to the engineering research cooperation between enterprises and universities, but their influences vary with the type of product innovation and process innovation.
Organizational adaptation is equivocal. On the one hand, the concept is ubiquitous in management research and acts as the glue binding together the central issues of organizational change, performance, and survival. On the other hand, it lurks around in various guises (e.g., “fit,” “alignment,” “congruence,” and “strategic change”) studied from multiple theoretical streams (e.g., behavioral, resource based, and institutional) and at different levels of analysis (e.g., organization and industry levels). In a novel approach to reviewing 443 adaptation articles that leverages both computational and hand-coded analysis, we produce an interactive visual of the themes most studied by adaptation scholars. We inductively draw out a definition of adaptation as intentional decision making undertaken by organizational members, leading to observable actions that aim to reduce the distance between an organization and its economic and institutional environments. We then review the literature across three main areas of inquiry and six theoretical perspectives that surfaced from our analysis and identify 11 difficulties that have hampered adaptation research in the past 50 years. Our review suggests ways to address these difficulties to enable future research to develop and cumulate.
Wind power, a green energy, has become another primary renewable resource of great value in economic utility and industrialization development, like hydraulic power at the time when comes with the pressure from energy crisis and environmental protection. This paper considers a wind-powered pumped storage system based on an 8 MW wind farm. The effect of pumped storage power station to wind power regulation is calculated, and an economic evaluation model was developed. This paper shows that a significant smoothing of the produced power is realized, dispatchable output power can be offered to the system, whereas extra economic benefit can also be achieved.
With the adjustment of energy structure and the development of wind power accessing the power grid in China, large-scale wind power will certainly have a significant impact on the power grid. For the large-scale wind power accessing the power grid in Inner Mongolia, a quantitative study has been done from two aspects which are ancillary facilities of wind power project accessing to power grid and the average price and cost of purchasing electricity for power Grid Corporation. The result shows: firstly, large-scale wind power accessing the power grid will not only increase the transmission line, but also increases the grid construction cost; secondly, large-scale wind power accessing the power grid will increase the average price and cost of purchasing electricity for power Grid Corporation. The analysis on the impact of large-scale wind power accessing the power grid on Inner Mongolia grid can provide some references for policy-makers and researchers.
A quantitative method is made to evaluate miners’ emergency response capacity. Firstly, based on the safety engineering practices, an evaluation index system of individual emergency ability is established, and a hierarchical structure is set up, which includes security physiology, safety ability, individual psychology and sentiment in the top level. Secondly, Analytic Hierarchy Process is applied to determine each index's weight reasonably. Thirdly, fuzzy mathematical method is used to conduct the evaluation of single factor and the overall comprehensive evaluation respectively. Finally, for engineering practices, the method is used in a certain coal mine, and a set of appraise data is obtained, results shows that the quantitative method is help to select safety employers and reduce human-initiated mining accidents.
This paper analyzed the main characteristics and role of qualitative and quantitative research in user research. Take Automobile Engineering design for example, probed how to get accurate description words of car styling image, using factor analysis, cluster analysis and other statistical methods, and verified the application methods and value of quantitative research applied in user knowledge acquisition.
Aiming at improving power supply service quality to meet customer's satisfaction, this paper suggested an applicable model used to identifying service items, by employing QFD concept and recent research on power supply quality appraisal. Combining existing research result of perception theory with classification of power supply service, a house of quality (HOQ) was built to realize requirement transition from customers' demand to service requirements. Then, an empirical analysis was made, using investigated result of Evaluation of Power Supply Enterprises' Service of State Grid Corporation of China in 2007. In the end, results show that this method is useful for identification of service items which needed to be improved on the first priority, and is consequently helpful for management decision making.
It is evident that sustained cooperation among online traders is absolutely essential for ensuring the success of electronic markets. This research tries to explore the underlying relationship between reputation engineering system and cooperation level by employing ‘Agent Based Simulation Modeling’ approach. It attempts to establish a trust based reputation system and analyze its effect on the sustainability of mutual cooperation between online traders by taking into account key factors such as level of gullibility of online traders and the weight of influence given to their past behavior. The simulation result reveals the correlation between the Smoothing Constant and the Probability of Imitation. The maximum permissible probability of imitation to maintain full cooperation decreases with the increase in the smoothing constant. The mean trader profit decreases as the smoothing constant increases.
Intentional threats, which are also known as human-induced hazards including terrorism, have become a worldwide catastrophe risk since recent years. In order to protect city from intentional threats, the urban defense engineering has become an important part of urban planning and construction. Based on that, the security planning on urban infrastructure is required to be improved and corresponding security surveillance and early warning systems need to be enhanced. More importantly, the macro-level study of defense resource allocation should be given more considerations. In this study, a resource allocation model focusing on urban defense under the situation with intentional attacking is developed. In this resource allocation model, the rationality level of attackers, the interrelation among targets and other related problems under intentional attacks are all considered. Besides, this model is also validated by using an example, and in this example, the impact of several important parameters have been discussed. It is shown that the expected loss of the optimized resource allocation plan derived from this model is smaller than that of the population proportion-based allocation plan and average-based allocation plan. It also shows that the correlation coefficient of targets has a significant impact of the defense resource allocation. This model can provide the planners and decision makers of urban defense engineering with scientific basis for macroscopic decision making in responding to intentional threats.
Emergency management engineering provides the logical and systematic process for reacting to the incidents and determining the treatment opinions. Presently many researches dedicated to the application of case based reasoning (CBR) in emergency engineering. However, usually the ideal cases in emergency domain are not available and hard to obtain. The distance between raw information and cases lies in the middle of information processing and CBR application, making it difficult to design practical CBR systems. Alternatively, this paper proposed an approach of generating imperfect cases from raw information with information evaluation and ranking. First, the derivation of information was assessed. Moreover, to implement that strategy, the technique of natural language process is employed. The gathered information was labeled with keywords, and the keywords gained the weight according to the word frequency and the ontology. Finally, the case was represented by a set keywords with their weights. For many emergency domains, this strategy partly solved the above problem of insufficient cases, and supported the decision making to some extent.
In recent years, unconventional emergencies that have generated widespread concern in the society have frequently occurred. In 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake and the nuclear crisis as a result of this disaster have gained tremendous attention worldwide. The present paper used a system engineering approach, an extended event graph, to analyze this earthquake and its event evolution as well as associated contingency decisions. Some pertinent countermeasures are also presented for reference of similar emergency event evolution in the future.
This study used a sample of 293 government workers from Guangdong Province of Peoples Republic of China. Based on Delone and McLean's IS success model, we constructed the scale for evaluating Emergency Management Engineering Information System (EMEIS) success. We also examined impacts of five critical success factors (i.e. internal organization management, quality of product and technology of suppliers, external technical environment, the external policy environment, and coordination and supportive ability of information center) on EMEIS. It was found that these five critical success factors are significantly related. It was also found from Pearson correlation coefficients that all but external policy environment are statistically related with EMEIS. It is found that the model was statistically significant. Since the correlation among independent variables, it was found that internal organization management, external policy environment are final significant variables. Finally, some managerial implications of our findings are proposed in order to improve the EMEIS inner government departments in China.
A mature emergency system is the premise to ensure emergency planning to be performed perfectly. Aimed at the six emergency management goals, the challenge caused by risk potential and contribution caused by emergency competence formed by emergency system are calculated separately. The emergency system is viewed as mature when the emergency competence can encounter the risk potential effectively. The completeness assessment method is used in a petrochemical reservoir. The engineering application indicates that the evaluation results can reflect the general condition and the shortcomings of the emergency system. The advices given to the depot can help the safety manager to take some pointed measures to improve the emergency system.
In this paper, using the methodology of system dynamics modeling, we separately build two models for a supply chain under two circumstances of supply disruptions, without backup supplier, and with a contingent supplier. The retailer's total profits are also compared under these two circumstances of supply disruptions to help the decision-makers better understanding the backup purchasing strategy. The supply chain studied only involves one retailer and two independent suppliers that are referred to as major supplier and backup supplier. The paper contributes to the literature by providing a better understanding of the impacts of supply disruptions on the system performance and by shedding insights into the value of a backup supply.
Considering the unexpected events, such as floods, fires, hurricanes, and even terrorist attacks, this paper discusses an integration model of electricity marketing system. The novel system consists of the wireless communication mode, computer networks, GPRS satellite positioning system and GIS power distribution system. This model aims at the intelligent disaster recovery system and the overall recovery plan for disaster recovery. Moreover, the marketing information systems are aiming at enhancing the ability to resist disasters and major incidents and reducing the disaster which is caused by combat and the loss of accidents. Finally, the paper suggests how this system could reduce the adverse effects on electricity customers and the whole society, to ensure that information systems provide critical business functions in the disaster time after resumption and continuation of operation.
The recent abnormal emergencies, such as A/H1N1 flu and 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake, require a new emergency management system. This paper presents a multi-agent system of risk identifier of emergency management, on the basis of employing such theories as immunology, multi-agent model construction and simulation, and emergency management system engineering, etc. This paper has done a research on the construction and formation of the new active defense system of emergency management system engineering, formation and optimization of risk identifier, optimistic algorithm of evolution and likewise key issues, which will definitely have important theoretical and practical significance in the establishment of a new defense system and the enrichment and development of emergency management system engineering.
Enterprise working capital management determines the enterprise market competition efficiency and management efficiency to a great extent, how to configure working capital and make it generate a positive impact on the market competition effect in financial engineering is worth further discussion. This paper from turnover capacity and liquidity two aspects analyze the effects of working capital on engineering product market competition performance in manufacture industry. Research found that enterprise working capital turnover ability has positive effect on product market competition performance while enterprise working capital liquidity has a negatively relationship with market competition performance. Linear regression based on dynamic panel data, examined the impact of working capital on competitive performance. But according to the regression equation to predict the competitive effects of working capital, exists larger error, because the actual impact of working capital on competitive performance may be nonlinear. So we use BP neural network model to predict the competition performance, and the results indicate the overall prediction effect is good.
A theoretical analyzing approach about the compound seismic isolation system consisting of RFPS and dish spring is derived. It starts from Lagrange’ Equation in multiply-body dynamics, including the coupling effect of the level vibration and vertical vibration. Computation results show that this system has the necessary isolation capability and reposition capability in the both direction; the slipping friction forces at the contacting surface provides the energy dissipation capability. It is shown that when slide radius is in the range of 1∼2m and the slipping friction coefficient is about 0.01, the seismic isolation effectiveness could be as high as 88%, while the coupling effect in two directions is so small that it could be neglected and the dynamic responses could be calculated with respect to each of the individual direction for earthquake engineering.
