This study has aimed at analyzing the impact of Entrepreneurial orientation on business performance with particular emphasis on Ethiopian Large Scale Manufacturing firms. Based on data from 310 firms, regression analysis has been performed. Consistent with prior studies on entrepreneurial orientation, the result revealed that entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on business performance in case of Ethiopian large scale manufacturing sector. Limitations of this study and implications for future studies are discussed.
This research focuses on the students’ expectation, overall satisfaction, attitude and their behavioural outcome towards four categories of educational institutions (Standalone, Technical, Arts and Science and Universities) offering management programme in Coimbatore. The primary objective is to study the gap existing if any between expected and perceived institution’s quality among four categories of educational institutions offering management programme and to study the impact of institution’s quality factors, emotions, cognitive dissonance, students’ overall satisfaction, and attitude on behavioural outcome. The descriptive method of research was adopted for this study. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The study was carried out among management graduates belonging to four categories of institutions namely Standalone, Technical, Arts and Science, and Universities offering management programme in the city of Coimbatore. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to identify the respondents. The sample frame consists of 3580 students from four categories of 49 institutions. The sample size for the study comprises of 608 respondents as (142 in 3 Standalone, 214 in Technical, 170 in Arts and Science and 82 from Universities. Statistical tools like percentage analysis, t-test, correlation, multiple regression,discriminant analysis, path analysis using VPLS, and ANOVA were used for analysis. This study had found that respondents belonging to Standalone and Technical institutions were satisfied with the institution’s quality factors, whereas there exist significant difference between the means scores of expectation and perception towards institution’s quality factors among the respondents of Arts and Science institutions and Universities. It is also found that institution’s quality factors have major impact on overall satisfaction of students followed by emotions whereas cognitive dissonance was found to have negative relationship with overall satisfaction of the students. Further, it was found that students attitude towards the institution had high impact on behavioural outcome when compared to overall satisfaction of the respondents.It can be found that there was significant difference among the demographic factors gender, age, family monthly income, institution category and behavioural outcome. The two important aspects of the study were likely to be of special interest to policy makers of higher educational institutions. First, it confirmed that positiveperception of institution’s quality could result in positive word of mouth and recommendation of institution to others. Second, overall satisfaction and attitude were found to be the antecedents to behavioural outcome of students. This study suggests that educational institution assessment by stakeholders starts with perception of the quality of service offered by the institutions. The priorities of policy makers were at the transaction level of institution’s quality and take efforts to improve the institution’s quality attributes. All the institution’s quality factors were under the control of the educational administrators except attitude and behavioural outcome. Thus, at the transactional level, institution’s quality was considered to be the most important for education administrators. It becomes imperative that higher education policy makers and administrators should monitor students’ perception of institution’s quality and satisfaction. Clear understanding of students’ perception of quality and satisfaction will enable the administrators to serve them better and provide a quality experience. This will, in turn, result in improving the image, reputation and financial performance of higher educational institutions and their profitability. This study will help the service providers to design a quality improvement strategy for their institutions to improve their quality of service as perceived by the students’ and thus will provide guidelines for the strategic planning of their institutions
Women today are encountering a demanding and hastening lifestyle. Taking care of the needs of her home along with the office work makes 24 hours insufficient for a working woman. She has to balance both the requirements and make herself readily available in both the places. The study focuses on the causes of stress and its coping strategies adopted by working women in southern part of Tirupur city. Objectives of the study were to identify the factors at work and home that cause stress, health issues faced by the respondents and the coping strategies of stress adopted by the working women in southern part of Tirupur city. Incidental purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the respondents. 80 questionnaires were distributed among married working women including teachers, shop in charges, bank clerks, beauticians, etc. out of which 54 completely filled in questionnaires were received. Simple percentage and weighted average methods were used for analysis. Results revealed that most of the women took up their job as they had a passion towards it. The women also agreed that it was also due to financial difficulties and the help their spouse required to lead a respectable economical life. They were stressed as they had to work extra time with heavy workloads and that they had no good relationship with their peers. They did not have support for house hold chores without a maid and had to take care all by themselves. They got exhausted mentally and physically leading to health issues like body pain, back ache, head ache, digestion disorders and for some it was even menstrual problems. The respondents felt relaxed while talking to friends, listening to music, relaxing and so on. KEYWORDS: mental and physical stress, problems at work place, problems at home, stress coping strategies,
Performance Management System (PMS) is important for organizations. The essence of PMS should be clearly understood by the employees working with different responsibilities. Clarity, acceptability, space for incorporating modifications, scope for employee development and similar features should be there with PMS. In this study, association of PMS with Job Satisfaction (JS) has been explored which reveals a positive and significant association. The essentiality of PMS viewed by the employees for the development of employees as well as for the organization is also the finding by the researchers.
In this paper, we experiment if returns on micro stocks have any pattern showing significant mean excess returns and we also test whether stock returns are better captured by one factor CAPM and two factor model. Empirical results show that there is a strong size (Micro stocks) effect in stock returns. The results also reveal that size effect is pervasive in all alternative size measures such as total assets and enterprise value. Further, we observe that two factor model is better than CAPM in explaining the stock returns.
In the modern life style, compulsive buying is found to be very common and consequently the studies on antecedents of compulsive buying have increased in recent years. Materialism and compulsive buying are the two important factors which influence the buying decisions of consumers and also distinguish them from each other. India is one of the oldest civilizations and has profound values on money, materialism and consumption. However, during last two decades the wave of globalization has brought India much closer to rest of world both culturally and economically. Advancement of shopping malls, retail brand, exclusive stores and use of media with best of its creativity and reach to persuade consumers has made a positive change in the consumer response to market stimuli. In this perspective, the present study aims at exploring the existence of such behaviours in our society.
The paper analyses the relationship between Board Composition (proportion of non-executive directors) and Firm Performance of 145 non-financial NSE listed companies in India for a period of five years. The firm performance measures include Tobin’s Q, Return on Assets, Return on Capital employed and Return on Equity. Econometric analysis is performed using Pooled OLS and Random Effect Model. The research findings reveal that Board composition has a negative and significant impact on firm performance. The results are robust for both econometric models and various performance measures used. The paper concluded that the negative impact of Board composition on firm performance is due to the fact that non-executive directors lack information about the operations of the firm which reduces their ability to function effectively hence reduces firm performance.
Corporate sector is thought to be a source for business to star hotels, especially those hotels locate in commercial cities. The business from this segment comprises of transient visit of executives, organization of conferences, training programmes, long stays related to projects and banquet functions including product launches and incentive programmes. For many major business houses these activities are centralized under one department like Administration, Human Resources (HR), Public Relations (PR), Procurements and Facilities. The persons who handle these travel arrangements from these departments are not buying the hotel services, for their own personal use. Instead, these professionals can influence the hotel room purchases of a boss or by guests, for whom the rooms are being booked. These are most often the secretaries and administration staff members. Many of them handle such activities as an additional responsibility to their existing core task like administration, Human resources, Public relations, and Procurement. They are not intermediaries like travel agents, but do all functions similar to the functions of a travel agent. They negotiate for special rates with hotels, according to the entitlements or eligibilities of each traveling executive from their organization; they prepare the empanelled list of hotels in different cities to accommodate their executives and guests; and further more handle the reservations on behalf of the organization. These corporate travel arrangers also go on to the extent of processing the bills, in case if, the company enjoys credit facility with the hotels. The role of these people, the researcher would like to name, ‘Informal In house Travel Arrangers’ (IHTAs) in the light of their purchase decision, is not studied yet. There have also been no attempts to develop a scale to find the reasons why these IHTAs choose a particular hotel. Consumer decision making models have been explained by many researchers for the last several years now. The discussions in the literature has been primarily on the perspectives of consumer decision making like the ‘value perspective’, the ‘information processing perspective’, the ‘emotional perspective’, and ‘cue utilization theory’. There have also been several attempts in the literature to combine various perspectives together. Most of the attempts were revolving around a single perspective, with an emphasis on the chosen perspective discussing other perspectives in its light. Many researchers have done studies on different perspectives and have concluded that no one perspective, explain, fully the decision making process and they commended that; consumer decision making can only be explained based on several perspectives. Almost all the valuable studies in the field suggested that it is a challenge among marketers to have an understanding of human choice, in the current age (where everyone relies on computers), to arrive at decisions based on information supplied. While looking at the literature on decision makers, it has been observed that, they use multiple criteria like reasons, cost benefit calculations and affect, to arrive at their decisions (Weber 1998). Based on these understandings, some researchers suggest that there should be a framework which integrates various perspectives, to explain decision making (e.g. Hansen 2005). He integrated the different perspectives and called it a ‘hybrid model’ and suggested that decision making can be partly explained with the help of this framework. Thus, only very few attempts were made to model and incorporate different perspectives to explain decision making (Weber et al. 1998). The best attempt can be seen in the argument of Hansen (2005), where he combines the several perspectives and proposes a framework. The combined hybrid model is tested using two experimental designs and he proposes a model. In this model, he combines the several perspectives and argues that each one of the value perspective, the information perspective, the cue utilization theory and the emotional perspective, combines in varied degrees and leads to the buying decision. These combinations in varied proportions lead to the purchase decision. He did not claim that this is a comprehensive model and calls further researches in the area to identify or propose extension models. He specifically calls for researchers to examine the other perspectives, which may have been elusive in his study. This is where the researcher has embarked upon to find the elusive “surrogate factor” for hotel room bookings for guests in luxury hotels. The researcher proposes a new model, which is a hybrid model with a slight extension of Hansen’s model and calls it “Surrogate model”. This model is a simpler model and it also captures the factors of ‘surrogate’ buying behavior in the purchase decision. The researcher did not stop with this new theory development by introducing the “Surrogate factor”, but also created a scale which can measure the three factors namely, Personal, Cue utilization factor and the Surrogate factor. He also tested the model using exploratory and confirmatory tests. The researcher conceptualized, purchase decision as a second order one-dimensional construct comprising of three important reflective components: Personal, Cue utilization and Surrogate factors. Other hypotheses when tested yielded results that there is no relation between Intention to purchase hotel rooms by IHTA and gender, type of industry represented by the IHTA, the age group they belong, their booking experience, the occurrence of booking activity and the productivity of the company in terms of room bookings for the year. The methodology followed is a 7 step process for developing the IPHRI scale. It sub assumes testing of the proposed model. The steps followed are Step 1 - Construct definition and content domain, Step 2- Item Generation, Step 3-Editing the scale items, Step 4-Pilot study 1, Step 5- Exploratory survey and EFA, Step 6- Pilot study 2 and Step 7-the Confirmatory survey and CFA. The researcher has identified the 3 factors in the EFA as Personal factor, Cue Utilization factor and Surrogate factor. The hypothesis tests proved that the Intention to Purchase Hotel Rooms by In-house Travel Arrangers (IPHRI) scale was a second order construct. It was confirmed that the 3 factors is a linear combination as Factor 1: Personal factor, Factor 2: Cue utilization factor and Factor 3: Surrogate factor. In Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the pattern of loadings of the measurement items on the latent constructs is explicitly specified in the model. The fit of this pre-specified model is examined to determine its convergent and discriminant validities. This factorial validity deals with whether the pattern of loadings of the measurement items corresponds to the theoretically anticipated factors. Once the reliability and the validity test were done, the data that was collected through the confirmatory survey was used to test the hypothesis, H1: The purchase decision is a second order one dimensional construct comprising of three important reflective components: Personal, Cue utilization and Surrogate factors. A value of AVE higher that 0.5 indicates that there is a strong relationship between the constructs as argued by Chin (1995). Therefore the hypothesis is accepted. A set of 28 reliable, valid and parsimonious items were found out in this research which can be used by the hotels to scale the IHTAs as to what factors influence their purchase decisions. The scale is tested for convergent, discriminant and nomological validities, thereby extending and adapting the surrogate construct in purchase decision. The researcher hopes that the above findings will add value to the luxury hotel business. The researcher also hopes that this research will generate some motivation for future researchers to otherwise scant and scarce pool of research in the area of hospitality.
Online banking an innovation to traditional branch banking system, is now used as a channel for delivering financial services by virtually all banks in India. Online banking provides improved convenience and customer service however it is observed that Indian banking customers are reluctant to adopt online banking services. Adoption is an important step for acceptance of any technology but long term viability of the technology depends on continuous use rather than first time use. Further in online environment attracting the new customers may not be easy than retaining the existing online banking customers. Though user’s acceptance and use of e-services can lead to productivity gains and positive economic returns the return on investment of e-service providers is typically expected to accrue from the post adoption stage of e-services (Kim and Malhothra 2005 and Venkatesh et al 2003). Therefore this study examines the factors influencing the intention of continuous usage behaviour of online banking customers in India. Online banking customer’s demographics, banking behaviour, service awareness and satisfaction are also assessed. The research framework of this study is based on Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour. Additional variables such as customers perceived risk and electronic service quality attributes were incorporated to build a comprehensive conceptual framework that will be suitable to assess continuous usage behaviour in the Indian context. The samples were selected from top five cities in terms of online banking usage by means of Snow ball sampling method. A structured questionnaire constructed from various researches was used to collect data from the respondents. 445 usable responses were collected and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling as the major statistical technique. Results shows that Indian online banking customer’s continuous usage behaviour depends on their perceived attitude towards difficulties and advantages associated with online banking channel. Further customers ability to try the technology, suitability to their customer’s lifestyle, professional and banking needs determine their continuance. Though the channel has lot of advantages customers are negatively persuaded by their perception towards security and privacy of their financial transactions. More over Indian customers are not influenced by the opinion of family, peers and friends with regard to continuous usage of online banking technology. The customer’s ability and resources to perform online banking transactions significantly determine their continuous usage. In online banking environment website efficiency and security, technical reliability and banker’s ability to resolve customer’s problems are the key factors which establish the customer’s continuance. Apart from this customers continuous usage behavior varies based on their age, occupation, internet experience and frequency of banking. Further, the advanced online banking services are not preferred by the customers. The findings of the study will be useful for Indian banking industry to formulate appropriate marketing strategies and design effective online financial services systems.
This article aims to investigate the factors that affect the usage of banking services in increasing financial inclusion in Pondicherry region. Purpose of opening bank account, easiness in accessing a bank’s products, convenience, frequency of usage of banking services and physical distance of bank branch were examined to analyse whether these factors have an influence on usage of banking services. Analysis of primary data using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis was undertaken to understand the relationship between dependent variable (Usage frequency of banking services) and other independent variables. The results indicate that easiness in accessing bank products and purpose of opening bank account have significant influence on usage frequency of banking services. Physical distance of bank branch and convenience were not found to have significant impact on usage of banking services in this study. The methodology adopted in this study can be used for further empirical investigation in other regions in India.
Organization is a coalition of people whose relationship is structured and defined and are linked together by a common goal. The evaluation of any organization is possible through identifying the performance (organizational performance) of the organization. The behavioral theory of the firm (Cyert and March 1963) confirms that the organizational performance needs to be assessed considering all the stakeholders of the firm. Hence following the roots of the behavioral theory of firm, organizational performance is considered as an outcome of the behavior of the individuals comprising the organization. Behavioural approach framework of the organizational performance in this study conceptualised organizational performance as the outcome of the behavior of the stakeholders comprising employees, customers etc based on their ability, attitude towards job, and the customers attitude towards the firm. Emotional intelligence (ability of the employees),job satisfaction ( job attitude of employees) and retail service quality (attitude of the customers) were taken to test the behavioural approach framework. The sample respondants consisted of 240 customers of a retail store (super market) and 55 employees. The theory was tested by developing a theoretical model relating the four constructs (Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, retail service quality and organizational performance) and tested using Structural Equation Modeling.
Smalland Medium enterprises (SMEs) in India are over 3 million in number producingover 8,000 items assume special significance for their role as a creator oflarge-scale employment opportunities apart from contributing considerably toregional development and industrial production (50 per cent), exports (42percent). The e-business technologies such as Customer Relationship Management(CRM) or Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) are radical technologies that aretransforming business models and processes, resulting in the disruption of oldindustries and the creation of new ones. It is seen that firms that adopt radicaltechnologies tend to be more successful. The Indian SMEs must embracetechnology by upgrading in their business operations to sustain and enhance theircompetitiveness to face the onslaught of products from multinationalenterprises .The key to survival for many SMEs is the ability to exploit newtechnology such as CRM to improve productivity and cost efficiency, andgenerate new sales. Theresearch on CRM within the academic literature has primarily focused oninstallation issues such as gaining sponsor support, IT infrastructure, andtraining, rather than on factors that influence when, how, and why firms“adopt” CRM and similar information technology. In India, the adoption of CRMis about 15% to 25% as per a few estimates made by CRM vendors. This researchwas carried out to fill a knowledge gap about CRM adoption among Indian SMEsegment which remains unexplored as most studies in Indian context exploresmostly service sector Herethe SMEs identified for the research belongs to manufacturing sector based inCoimbatore, India. Further study this is much different from other studieswhich concentrate on identification of adoption factors and developing aresearch model for adoption but here the researcher has identified theorganizational characteristics and how it influences the factors influencingthe adoption of CRM. SMEsis a crucial sector operating in hostile environments and facing increasingcompetition despite being the significant factor for job creation and economicgrowth are less studied by researchers regarding adoption of innovations. Thisresearch has thrown light on the adoption of innovations like CRM by IndianSMEs – a relatively unexplored terrain. Themain objective identified in this study is to ascertain the critical factorsresponsible for adoption of CRM among Indian Small and Medium Enterprises(SMEs) based in Coimbatore which is an industrial city having a large number ofSMEs. The designed questionnaire has a five point Likert scales ranging fromstrongly agree to strongly disagree. The factors influencing the intention toadopt CRM technologies were technological factor, organizational factor,environmental factor, organizational readiness factor and perceived internal andexternal benefit factor. The researcher had used judgment sampling since theadopters of new technology among the SMEs were less in number. Thestudy adopted descriptive research and survey method. Based on the review ofliterature study on diffusion of innovation theories, two conceptual modelswere proposed and the hypotheses framed were tested using Structural EquationModeling (SEM).The statistical tools used in this study were Kolmogorov–Smirnovtest (K–S test), Kruskal Wallis test, correlation, confirmatory factor analysisand structural equation modeling using Partial Least Squared (PLS) approach.The software used for conducting the analysis was SPSS version 16, Gpower 3.0.5Software and Visual PLS. Thisstudy found that relative advantage, complexity, observability, competitivepressure and government role had significant effects on the intention to adoptCRM among the SMEs based in Coimbatore. These findings do provide a significantview about the factors influencing the intention of adoption of CRM among theSMEs based in Coimbatore. Further the new knowledge obtained in this researchshall fuel more research in this area and also help Industry to understand CRMdevelopment. The results of this study shall be useful to SMEs, IT consultants,vendors of CRM and Government in drawing guidelines for encouraging CRMadoption and help Indian SMEs to compete better in the market.
The objective of this paper is to study the factors influencing commodity futures prices of the Indian commodity market. Five factors have been considered in this study, namely: spot price, the U.S. dollar exchange rate against rupees, market wide information, risk free rate of interest, and financial speculation. To test the long-run equilibrium relationships between commodity futures prices and the factors, Johansen’s Cointegration test has been used. The short-run relationships have been verified by Vector Error Correction Model. Finally, the lag relationships of these factors with the commodity futures price, is modelled by Almon Polynomial Distributed Lag model. The study shows that spot price, market wide information, financial speculation and exchange rate of the US dollar influence the futures price. However, the degree of impact depends on the commodity and on the period of analysis. Additionally, risk free rate of interest does not show influence on the futures prices.
This paper is to investigate the effects of psychological empowerment dimensions on job satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to identify the various constructs of psychological empowerment. This paper is to contribute to knowledge about the conditions that precede the employee job satisfaction, and shows that dimensions of psychological empowerment (experienced meaningfulness, competence, impact and self-determination) play an important role in this regard. Using data collected from the senior executives and manager level of Launchpad LLC [Coimbatore] of organizations. The result of the study focuses on the psychological empowerment of employees will contribute to the employees’ job satisfaction. This study concludes there is a positive relationship between the variables of psychological empowerment and Job satisfaction. Hence, providing an environment and empowering the employees in a psychological perspective is the need of the time to provide job satisfaction.
A Study on Buying Behaviour of Rural Families with the Purchase of Durable goods in Tamil Nadu
Along with Businesses, consumers also play a vital role in promoting green revolution in any country by conscious environmentally responsible purchase decisions. And thus, understanding the consumer behavior towards environmentally safe products is important for enterprises. Studies have identified different psychographic factors that can be considered as predictors of environmentally responsible behavior. This paper tries to build a comprehensive regression model considering psychographic factors such as Environmental Attitude, Environmental Concern, Collectivism, Subjective Norms, Perceived consumer effectiveness, Self-transcendence and Self-enhancement as predictors of Green Purchase Intentions of consumers. A survey of students of a private university of India was conducted to collect the data. The correlation and regression model identified Environmental Attitude, Environmental Concern, Subjective Norms, and Perceived consumer effectiveness as strong predictors of Green Purchase Intention.
In this paper, we test the short term momentum strategy in three time windows particularly (1) 3-3 momentum strategy, (2) 6-6 momentum strategy, and (3) 12-12 momentum strategy. We also examine the ability of asset pricing models such as CAPM, Fama-French model, and Carhart four factor model in capturing momentum profits. We observe that among three time windows of momentum profits, 6-6 strategy and 12-12 strategies equally provide higher average returns as winner portfolios yield monthly returns of 3.3 percent. We find from the empirical results that CAPM and Fama-French model are unable to explain short term momentum profits while Carhart four factor model captures average returns on all winner portfolios.
Brand name and product positioning have been a critical issue in the field of branding, especially for the growing market of smartphones. The booming market has made industry to invest more capital in research and development of more sophisticated devices featuring advanced features from basic calling technology to advance computing. Many companies have developed various technologies differentiating themselves from their competitors. The companies are seen following a particular pattern of updating on particular attributes of their products. The purpose of the research study is to understand the preferences of consumers in an experimental item and main item setup. This study explores the fundamental change in preferences along the basic features of a smartphone and change in purchase intentions due to influence of brand title. The study uses paired sample t test, conjoint analysis, and positioning mapping to address the issue of brand influence in experimental item and main item setup. The study uses the Euclidean distance model to explore the dimensions that define particular brands. Overall the study concludes by proving the effect of brand title on preferences and defining the dimensions along which brands are compared.
Examining determinants of export performance is a widely researched stream of international business. Many researchers across the world have attempted to investigate the various determinants of export performance in various research settings. Majority of the previous studies that examined the determinants of export performance have been undertaken in the context of developed economies. The main objective of this research is to understand the determinants of export performance in the context of Indian pharmaceutical industry. Quantile regression method, which was rarely used in the earlier studies, has been employed to analyze the findings of this research. Export sales have been considered as the dependent variable and the independent variables considered for the study are size of the firm (measured as sales), research and development expenses, profitability, age, advertising expenses, capital intensity, import of raw materials and import of capital goods. The research presents an analysis of firms belonging to 147 pharmaceutical firms operating in India for the period 2000-2013. The analysis is presented using OLS regression method and further to that, quantile regression method was employed to understand the impact of various determinants of export performance for pharmaceutical firms in India. The findings of this research indicate that six out of the eight independent variables considered for the study have a significant impact on the export performance of Indian pharmaceutical firms.
One of the mainareas of marketing research has been the study of service quality. Theincreasing growth of service sector has drawn many academicians into the fieldof service quality, which provides varied thoughts of evaluating the service quality.The intent of this research was to understand the customers in emerging retailmarket like India and to test the applicability of RSQS construct in SouthIndia. There was limited replication studies testing the reliability andvalidity of the retail service quality scale attempted in India particularly inSouth India. The validity of Dabholkar et al. (1996) retail service quality modelhas to be assessed in South Indian retail market. This research furtherprovided a complete understanding of the retail service quality scale and theconstruct and defines relevant factors of the construct within a market thathad not previously been successfully studied in this field. There were manystudies that explore the service quality dimensions affecting service qualityin retail stores in India, but only few studies had investigated theapplicability of retail service quality scale (RSQS) in India. The retailservice quality in India was under researched, and in particular theapplicability of Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) model. Consequently, thisresearch strives to close a gap existing within the retail service qualityresearch literature by extending the study of the construct to emerging retailregions like India. The objectiveswere framed and the empirical data using established retail service qualityscale items as questionnaire were collected and the findings were supported theliterature that retail service quality was best measured using a multi-factorinstrument. With respect to the factor structure of the construct, the researchfindings indicated that in South Indian retail market, Retail Service QualityScale exhibited acceptable level of reliability settings and shows good contentand discriminant validity. Retail Service Quality was best represented by thethree factors of Physical Aspects, Personal Interaction and Problem Solving. This researchwork had advanced the knowledge on measuring retail service quality using RSQSand analyzing the validity of service quality -construct, It also contributedin understanding the Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) and its factorstructure and testing the scale in retail market like South India. Thus, from atheoretical point of view, this research had tested for content validity of howwell an established scale instrument measure retail service quality in SouthIndia.This research isbelieved to be the first replication study of Retail Service Quality Scale(RSQS) in South India, thus this research serves as a voice for futurereplication studies.
