Aim: To evaluate the effect of an educational program on women's knowledge and self-care practices regarding menorrhagia. Study design: A quasi-experimental study design was followed. Setting: The study was conducted in the Jazan community. Sampling: A purposive sample included 100 women who suffered from menorrhagia. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used: (tool I): a structured interviewing questionnaire tool (II) assesses women's self-care practices regarding menorrhagia to assess self-care practices of women with heavy menstrual periods. Results: The study illustrated that less than one quarter of the studied women had adequate knowledge pre-intervention, while nearly three quarters of them had good knowledge post-intervention. Also, more than one third of the studied women had satisfactory self-care practices regarding menorrhagia pre-intervention, while more than three quarters of them had satisfactory self-care practices post-intervention (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The educational program had significant improvements in women's knowledge and self-care practices regarding menorrhagia post-intervention and follow-up phases. Recommendations: Designing a screening program is very important for early detection of women with menorrhagia.
Background: Adequate fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption during childhood is essential for healthy growth, micronutrient adequacy, and long-term prevention of non-communicable diseases. In Myanmar, FV intake remains below World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, and culturally appropriate, validated tools for assessing FV consumption among young children are limited. This study aimed to develop and validate a culturally appropriate questionnaire to assess fruit and vegetable consumption among elementary school–aged children in Myanmar. Methods: A multi-phase methodological study was conducted in Yangon Region. Item generation was informed by literature review, WHO dietary guidelines, and contextual input from parents, teachers, and nutrition experts. Content validity was assessed using item–objective congruence (IOC) by three experts. The questionnaire was pre-tested for clarity and comprehension, and pilot tested among 20 children aged 5–6 years. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, test–retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results: The final questionnaire comprised eight items across four domains: FV consumption frequency, portion size, variety, and consumption context. IOC values ranged from 0.67 to 1.00, indicating satisfactory content validity. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.82, with subscale values ranging from 0.71 to 0.78. EFA supported a four-factor structure consistent with the conceptual framework, explaining 79% of the total variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.70 to 0.84. Test–retest reliability demonstrated good temporal stability, with ICC values ranging from 0.72 to 0.80 across subscales and an overall ICC of 0.81. Conclusions: The FV consumption questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability and is suitable for assessing fruit and vegetable intake among elementary school–aged children in Myanmar. The tool can support dietary surveillance and evaluation of nutrition interventions in similar low- and middle-income settings.
Background: Graduate attributes are essential outcomes in higher education, representing key competencies required for workforce readiness. In nursing and allied health professions education, these attributes are critical for preparing graduates to deliver safe, effective, and patient-centered care. This study aimed to assess postgraduate students’ perceptions of graduate attributes acquisition at the Higher Institute of Health Specialties in Oman. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using institutional survey data collected between 2018 and 2025. A total of 435 surveys of postgraduate diploma graduates from nine different specialties were included. Data was collected using a validated structured questionnaire with internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.989). Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and repeated- measures analysis of variance were employed for data analysis. Results: Students reported high levels of agreement across all graduate attributes, with mean scores ranging from 3.39 to 3.49. Cultural sensitivity showed the highest scores, while research-related competencies were comparatively lower. No statistically significant differences were observed across academic programs (p = 0.424) or cohorts (p = 0.202). Differences across domains were statistically significant (p = 0.020), but the effect size was minimal. Conclusion: The study results indicate that nursing and allied health professions from different postgraduate diploma programs at the Higher Institute of Health Specialties effectively support the consistent development of graduate attributes. However, targeted improvements in research-related competencies are recommended. These results have implications for curriculum development, teaching strategies, and quality assurance.
Background: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy is increasing among pregnant women worldwide. Two main risk factors were genetic factors and unhealthy behaviors. Limited research evidences could explain the predicting factors related to health behaviors. Methods: This descriptive analytic research aimed to examine factors predicting the development of hypertensive disorders among pregnant women. Studied sample was pregnant women attended antenatal care services in Pathumthani hospital, Thailand. One hundred and forty subjects were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were collected using health behavior questionnaire and medical records. Pearson correlation and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: Predictive factors for the development of hypertensive disorders among Thai pregnant women were: total risk scores of dietary patterns and exercise. Dietary patterns included consumption of fructose beverages and foods containing high in trans-fat, animal fat, and sodium. The odd ratio was 2.076, 95% CI [1.516, 2.842] , p =0.000. Conclusion: Overconsumption of foods and beverages containing high in fructose, trans-fat, animal fat, and sodium could be used to predict the development of hypertensive disorders. These findings should be used to design effective intervention to prevent and reduce hypertensive disorders among pregnant women.
Background of the Study Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) materials play a crucial role in promoting behavioral change by increasing awareness about important health issues. In India, suicide is a leading cause of death among individuals aged 15–39 years, emphasizing the urgent need for effective awareness and prevention strategies, especially among adolescents. Aim of the Study The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an IEC program on knowledge regarding suicide and its prevention among adolescents, and to determine the association between post-test knowledge levels and selected socio-demographic variables. Methodology A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was adopted for the study. The research was conducted among 50 adolescent students selected through simple random sampling from two higher secondary colleges in Cuttack, Odisha. A structured questionnaire comprising 30 multiple-choice questions was used to assess knowledge. A pilot study was conducted to ensure feasibility. The pre-test was administered prior to the IEC intervention, followed by a post-test after one week. Ethical clearance and informed consent were obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21, applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The findings showed a significant improvement in knowledge levels following the IEC intervention. The mean pre-test score was 6.82 (SD = 4.93), which increased to 21.30 (SD = 4.31) in the post-test. The mean difference of 14.48 was statistically significant (t = 16.5, p
