Aluminum is widely used in high explosives,the explosive characteristics are also of concern.To determine the effect of particle size on aluminum explosion pressure,the horizontal pipeline and Hartman tube were used to study the aluminum explosion characteristics of the particle size 6 ～ 7μm,9 ～ 12μm and 15～17μm while aluminum concentration was 400g/m3.The results showed that:once aluminum concentration is constant,with the increasing of aluminum particle size,the maximum explosion pressure and the rising rate of maximum pressure decreases.Test equipment has effect on the aluminum explosion characteristics:the pressure in horizontal pipeline was tested larger while the same size aluminum explodes in two equipments.
The Pt-SO_(42)-/ZrO_2—A1_2O_3 solid superacid catalyst was used for inisomerization of n-pentane,investigated the reaction temperature,reaction pressure,space velocity and ratio of hydrogen to oil effect for inisomerization of n—pentane,the optimum reaction conditions were determined.
N,N-Diethylacetamide is prepared with Methyl acetate.Diethylamine as raw materials.The processc- on ditions of influencing factors is tested.The results show that the molarratio of Diethylamine and Methyl ac- etate 1.20,reaction temperature 85~87 ℃,reaction time 4.5 ~ 5.0 h,The catalyst of Methyl acetate accounte— d for 0.125%of the totalthe converseon of Methyl acetate above 99%,selectivity of N,N—Diethylacetamide 95-%.
In this paper polymerization quaternary copolymer(AAPD) is composed of AM and AA as the armature monomer, monomer AMPS and DMDAAC for strengthening the func tion and ammonium persulphate as initiator aqueous with aqueous solution .And orthogonal optimization of selective water shutoff of the best recipe is: AM:AA:AMPS:DMDAAC=11:5:1:1, 0.25% initiator concentration, temperature of 55 ° c, 25%,pH monomer concentration value is 7. Use infrared spectroscopy on the characterization. Rated temperature and salt resistance, blocking resistance rates, and selective, the experiment proved that the water shutof has good heat resistance and salt resistance and good selectivity.
H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3 was prepared by impregnation, and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. The synthesis of iso-amyl acetate using H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3 as catalyst has been studied. The factors influencing the synthesis were discussed and the best conditions were found out The optimum conditions are: molar ratio of iso-amyl alcohol to acetic acid is 1.4:1, the mass ratio of the catalyst to the reactants is 0.5%, volume of cyclohexane as the water-carrying agent is 8 mL and the reaction time is 90 min. H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3 is an excellent catalyst for synthetizing iso-amyl acetate and its yield can reach over 71.4%.
The supported catalysts are used to improve the activity and selectivity for the hydrosilylation reaction and offset some disadvantages, comparing to the homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. This review presented the mechanism and fabrication method of the catalysts, active ingredient, supporter, ligand, characterization, factors impacting on the selectivity. In future, possible researching directions include attempting to more supported technologies, fabricating inexpensive metal catalysts,studying zone selectivity for hydrosilylation, and extending application domains of supported catalyst and hydrosilylation in organic synthesis field.
Phenol,bromine and 4-the main raw material for the synthesis of nitro-chlorobenzene,and Williamson by electrophilic substitution reaction,synthesis of 2,4,6-bromo-4 '-nitro-diphenyl ether,The structure 0f the product was confirmed by IR and 1H NMR and 13C NMR.Further study of the reaction temperature,sodium hydroxide,reaction molar ratio,reflux time on the synthesis reaction,synthesis yield of 94.0%.
This paper researches the removal rate of Wastewater with Formaldehyde by chlorine dioxide,mainly investigating the efficiency of chlorine dioxide concentration,reaction time,reaction temperature and initial concentration of formaldehyde on the removal rate of formaldehyde.The results show that:For a given initial formaldehyde concentration,the optimal reaction temperature and reaction time are 30℃and 30min,respectively.the removal rate of formaldehyde increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of the initial concentration of formaldehyde.
The advantages and disadvantages, the catalyst choice and its app licati on conditi onswere discussed in the chalcone synthesis .
The modification function of metal on amorphous alloy Co-M-B catalysts for selective hydrongenation of cinnamaldehyde(CMA)to cinnamylalcohol(CMO) was studied.Compared with Au、La and Fe,Co-Ru-B catalysts exhibited higher activity and selectivity.Additionally,effects of Ru-loading,reaction temperature,hydrogen pressure and reaction time on properties of the catalysts were investigated.CMO yield was 89.9% under the optimum conditions of Ru-loading 1%,reaction temperature 383 K,hydrogen pressure 1.5MPa,and reaction time 2 h.
The article introduces the development on synthesis and application of polyesters containing.With PEN、PBN、PTN and TLCP for example,it also point out domestic bottleneck.
A The research and development status of high nitrogen heterocylic energetic compounds derived from pyrazole is reviewed.DNPP and LLM-119 are attractive for applications in insensitive munitions due to its high energy level,moderate sensitivity,and good thermal stability,The future development of these types of energetic compounds are prospected.
EDimethyl carbonate is a very important organic chemical product,The production technology of dimethyl carbonate were introduced.
Esterification under traditional pyrogenation conditions has a lot of disadvantages,such as long reaction time,low yield,severe equipment corrosion and inconventient post treatment.Microwave technology is superior in reaction speed,efficiency and safety.This artcle summarizes the recent progress in microwave radiation technology concerning the application of the esterification reaction.Because of the characteristics of the microwave radiation,most reactions show higher efficiency and better selectivity.
Paminophenols production methods are reviewed in this paper.Their advantage and disavantage are also discussed.Reaction mechanism,current situation and industrialization study of paminophenol synthesis with nitrobenzene catalytic hydrogenation are introduced especially
In this paper,the recent status of study of waterborne polyurethane adhesive at home and abroad are described. Introducing the preparation of waterborne polyurethane adhesive.The research progress on waterborne polyurethane adhesive was summarized.In the end,the development direction of waterborne polyurethane adhesive was prospected.
The preparation of 1-methylpyrrolidine under the condition of effective catalyst γ-Al2O3 for catalytic synthesis by dehydration of tetrohydrofuran with methylamine. Yield 97.5%, purity≥99.5%, moisture 0.1% was achieved on the optimized 200t/y producing process conditions: reaction temperature 330℃, methylamine(MA)/tetrohydrofuran(THF) (molar ratio): 1.30, speed of injecting raw materials: 33000mL/h, stop time: 15s. Purity of first crude product from the self-made fixed-bed reactor: 97.5%, temperature gradient: T1-4=240-345℃, presure gradient: P1-3=0.2-0.4-0.01MPa. The catalyst has high catalytic activities and rate, good chemical stability and little waste discharge in 10 years' synthesis.
α-Phenylethylamine was synthesized with ammoniumformate and acetophenone catalyzed by Pt/C using methylol as solvent under ultrasonic irridiation.The effect of the mole ratio of substitutes,reaction temperature,reaction time, the amount of Pd/C and ultrasonic power were investigated,and the reaction conditions were optimized.Results show that the title product is obtained with yield of 80.2%under ultrasonic irradiation at 40℃for 30 min when n(ammoniumformate): n(acetophenone) is 2:1,m(10%Pd/C):m(acetophenone) is 1:10,(H2O):(methylol) is 1:9.The Pd/C catalyst can be easy of recovery for reusing again over 5 times.
This paper introduces the heat-resistant explosives hexanitrostilbene's application in space craft, space technology enterprise, oil wells perforating assignments and as TNT mingled explosives additive etc. And introduces its some synthesis method and research status in the domestic and abroad.
Synthetic ammonia plant level 3 compressor gas buffer tank after,The abbreviationlevel 3compression buffer tank.In the production process,head center began to occurrence crackle,was forced to stop to take repairing.This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of crack and the pipeline vibration of treatment.Repair technology scientific and reasonable,After the restoration of quality to achieve a long cycle use requirement.
