Nowadays, 3D electrical wiring design automation is less covered by EDA&CAD systems, than its other aspects (solid modeling, simulation analysis, printed circuit boards development). This article offers an algorithm of electrical wiring design automation realization and an algorithm of computer aided development of design documentation package for electrical wiring aspect. The algorithms are based on EDA system Altium Designer and CAD system SolidWorks. As a case study, existing instrument manufacturing plant was taken.
The consideration was given to a transition to medium width slabs for complexes CCM-Plate Mill and CCM-Hot Rolling Mill. We used two examples, considering their technical characteristics, to show possible advantages and disadvantages. From the point of view of energy efficiency, we proposed a number of measures for a perspective application of this transition.
The basic solution, allowing to provide safety and sufficiently high efficiency of underground mining of fields in becoming complicated mining-and-geological and mining conditions, use at production of ores of filling method. From all systems of development existing today filling method, the greatest efficiency reach when using hardening concrete mixes. Results of laboratory researches on development of compoundings and the mechanism of activation of hardening concrete mixes are given in article for underground mining of minerals with use of mill tailings. The conducted researches allowed to reveal regularities of increase of reactionary properties of filling method with the chosen activator.
Regional scientific-technical organization plays an important role in the expansion of the sphere of information technologies in the economy of the Krasnoyarsk region. This paper deals with the aspects of interaction between the state and regional structures involved in the telecommunications business.
For the following systems Al-Ti, Al-Ni, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Fe, Al-V the wide range of intermetallic compounds based on aluminum was considered. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs energy and formation enthalpy characterizing the properties of resulting intermetallic compounds were calculated. The relations of these two characteristics versus temperature were established in a wide range. On the basis of the obtained relations the comparative assessment of the compound stability for each binary system was carried out. The level of each intermetallic compound stability was revealed on the ground of the affinity with aluminum. The possibilities of practical application of obtained data for actual metallurgical tasks were defined.
The article presents the results of a study of spectral reflectance characteristics of crops produced in the field of optical remote methods. It was established that during the vegetation period the main factors affecting the reflectance of agrocenosis, are morphological and physiological parameters , architectonic, height of the Sun h 0 and the viewing angle φ . Found that the minimum brightness of crops accounted for angles 25 ° - 30 ° with respect to nadir . By increasing the angle of view is shown the effect of back shine in the red and infrared. This leads to an increase of spectral brightness coefficients in these areas. Found that the optimal time of measurement of reflection factor agrocenosis is between 11 to 16 hours.
Use of transverse waves in exploration seismology provides some additional information needed to improve prediction of hydrocarbon deposits. Traditional sources of transverse waves have a number of disadvantages associated with bad reproducibility of influence, and the predominant excitation of longitudinal waves. In this work a variant of a rotary-type source of transverse waves with electromagnetic excitation which free from these disadvantages has been considered. Assessment of the required design parameters of this source and comparison the characteristics of the developed source in comparison with other similar devices are presented.
The adaptive multi beam antenna that is based on hybrid-reflector antenna with the reflector feed as the antenna array, which used an accelerated algorithm synthesis directivity diagram to suppress the designed noise, using as criteria the antenna directive gain at the given points, and which substantially limit the size of the objective function and duration of the synthesis. An experimental study of the proposed algorithms, and draw conclusions about the possibility of multibeam adaptive hybrid-reflector antennas
The suburban area is a multifunctional area that has a few problems. This area should protect the ecological city area, should solve the recreation problems of the city, should supply citizens with perishable goods, and should also have an economy and science functions for the city development. In connection with the development process of suburbanization, this territory is very important for city development. Russia’s economy is going through major transitions. These transitions are rapidly changing the relationship between cities (urban areas), countryside (rural areas) and the development, growth, and popularity of suburbia. The process of suburbanization takes place in biggest cities of Russia, including Krasnoyarsk City. The modern Krasnoyarsk with a population of about 1mln people occupies the territory of 34115 ha. This article examines the analysis of functions of suburban area and connects these functions with zoning of the suburban territory. The author analyze the nature conditions of suburban area and it connection with functional zoning of territory. The result of this research is the map of the functional zoning of suburban area of Krasnoyarsk City.
Slime processing at PD OAO MMC Norilsk Nickel involves oxidizing-sulphatizing roasting, calcine leaching with sulphate solution, calcine cake smelting into anodes followed by electrolytic dissolution, and a number of processes designed for accompanying elements recovery. Resulting final products are platinum-palladium (60-65 % Σ Pt+Pd) and rhodium-ruthenium (2.0-3.5 % Rh) concentrates (KP-1 and KP-2, respectively), refined silver, selenium of technical grade and tellurium. Process cycle duration, considerable work-in-process amount, a great number of operations and low efficiency of individual operations are considered to be disadvantages of the slimes processing method. We determined optimal process conditions for copper slimes calcine cake repulping with sulphate (reagents, consumption and sodium hypochlorite feed rate) offering 6-7 fold increase of Pt recovery into solution and 1,5-2,0 fold that of Pd. PGMs precipitation from resulting solutions was fount to yield precipitate with Pt and Pd content amounting up to 55%; this makes it possible to produce it as final product. The product is then sent to a final product (KP-1 concentrate) packaging section bypassing smelting and electrolysis stages with inherent high PGMs losses, resource intensity and long duration time.
Introduction The founder of the doctrine about bioand a technosphere V.I. Vernadsky noticed, that «the science history is ... the tool of achievement new», and «repetition of the phenomena in time is one of the brightest displays of law» [1]. He considered development of a science and technics as the process which is subject to research by a natural-science method: «similar displays cannot be casual, and are so subordinated to weight and a measure, as movement of astronomical objects or a course of chemical reactions» [1]. The method of research applied in article, is based on the statistical analysis of chronology by means of parametrization of dates of events. Parametres are used: conditional numbers of days from the beginning of chronology N, from the beginning of year n and year’s number Y. For date 4/12/1961: n(12.04) = 102, Y = 1961, N (4/12/1961) = 1960*365 + [1960/4] + 31 + 28 + 31 + 12 = 715992. Properties of intervals of time between events ∆N, ∆n, ∆Y are investigated. Informative property (coincidence) – the exact or approached frequency rate of intervals to informative codes C: ∆N C, ∆n C, ∆Y C. A.L. Chizhevsky is the founder of the solar biology. He one of the first investigated influence of space factors on historical process [2]. He connected accidents in biosphere with the periods of solar activity. The considerable contribution to development of space philosophy was brought by K.E. Tsiolkovsky [3]. Codes, reflecting influence of the space factor. In article correlation of parametres of chronology and factors of a gravitational constant is proved:
A new type of carbonate vein onyx is identified. The onyx composition is calcite. Banding is preconditioned by alternation of the zones of light calcite, and calcite rich in ferruginized argillisite. Three types of vein bodies are composed of poorly dislocated, brecciated and concretion onyx. The latter type is presented by easily dissected concretions (5-12 cm). Calcite crystal fragments (1-3 cm) overgrown by concentric-zonal ferruginized much argillisite-altered calcite onyx looking like “rounded pebble” (2-4 cm) from outside, overgrown in its turn by concentrically banded large radial-columnar calcite crystals form the concretions. Concretions are interesting in terms of collection material.
The article is devoted to research of mathematical models of wind speed and development a way to improve the efficiency of wind power plants based on fuzzy logic using fuzzy model of the wind speed. Simulation of the wind speed is a fairly difficult task, since this source of energy is constantly changing in time and space. Four basic models of wind speed were identified at the end of research work: determinate, probability, spectral and fuzzy. Every one finds their own field of application. Thus, from the energy point of view, the model probabilistic distribution of Weibull is most applicable at the level of technical and economic development. Deterministic model allows to determine the power generated by wind turbines at a given average wind speed. The spectral model should apply in those studies where necessary to account for gusts of wind and sudden changes. Fuzzy model of the wind is the most convenient and relevant for modeling of wind turbine control, it is allows to form a flexible control system.
Ceramic semiconductor SnO 2 -based materials with MnO 2 and CuO additives were synthesized at 1300 o С and 1400 o С . There has been carried out an investigation of the physical–mechanical and high–temperature electric properties . As a result, sintering of the material with MnO 2 additive is shown to be improved at increasing firing temperature . The composition 96%SnO 2 -2%Sb 2 O 3 -2%CuO made at the temperature 1300 o С has the best electrophysical properties (its resistivity is 0.09 mOhm m). The resistivity of the 94%SnO 2 -2%Sb 2 O 3 -2%CuO-2%MnO 2 composition in the high-temperature region is more by a factor of 3. The 96%SnO 2 -2%Sb 2 O 3 -2%MnO 2 composition has nonlinear voltage-currant characteristic, and hysteresis is present.
The paper proposes a numeric-analytical method for determining the communication equations of Laplace's transformants of dynamic functions of the universal unit of radial externally- pressurized gas bearings which movable element makes small radial oscillations in the locality in its central position. Method and obtained dependences provide links between integro-differential Laplace's transformants of the unit such as load capacity and local input and output mass flow rates with transformants of eccentricity and gas lubricant pressure at inlet and outlet of the unit. It is shown that the local transfer functions of the unit model are rational functions of the Laplace's transform variable and all such functions have a common denominator in the form of a polynomial of this variable. The method allows to calculate the required dynamic criterion of gas bearings containing this unit with prescribed accuracy. Founded dependences give ready formulas for calculation dynamic criteria of radial single-row or multi-row ordinary passive or active externally-pressurized gas bearings in which this unit can be used for description of radial movement of its movable element.
~ ~ ~ The present paper will introduce an improved BPSO algorithm for radial distribution networks reconfiguration. In this regard PSO algorithm has extensively been used in many of the previous literatures; however, here a new method will be introduced in order to update swarm position which is not only simple and fast but also has high accuracy. The objective function has four weighted components representing load balancing, total losses of network, voltage deviation and system reliability. The test network is a standard distribution system with 3 feeder and 16 switches. Accuracy and speed of proposed method are compared with three other well-known algorithms to ensure its efficiency.
Grain-size class redistribution of non-ferrous, precious metals and iron in copper-nickel ores tailings from Norilsk industrial region was after artificial weathering investigated. Possible mechanisms of metal redistribution were suggested.
The influence of source components mixture mechanical activation on the synthesis processes in enamel mass and on the molten enamel adhesion to the metal was investigated. It’s established, that the process of albite formation in the coating material intensifies by components mixture activation. On the base of measured contact angles of cast iron with molten enamel was revealed, that adhesion of the molten enamel to the metal noticeably increases by source components activation.
Rare and new minerals (tashelgite, mukhinite, hibonite, goldmanite and others) discovered in the process of geological studies of the 20 th and the 21 st centuries in the carbonate stratum of the Tashelga polymetamorphic complex (R 3 -Rz 3 ts) composing the graben-syncline structure within the Kuznetsk-Alatau shear zone in Gornaya Shoriya are described. It is shown that the unique mineralization of skarnoids, calciphyres and metasomatites of the district is preconditioned by the processes of metamorphism and further metasomatosis of original carbonate marine sediments contaminated by laterite metabasite weathering products. The impact of the basic rock chemistry on the whole further polychronic endogenous rock mineralization is traced even in such relatively closed systems of the zone as granite pegmatites.
Contact interaction of copper-zinc and copper-silver alloys is investigated with eutectics melts of the system Ga-Zn as composite components of gallium pastes - solders have been revealed. Interaction products have been determined depending on the structure and temperature of contacting components. Structures of developed new low temperature solders have been approved on the basis of gallium.
