The present study “Attitude of farmers towards solar energy utilization in farming system “ was conducted in Amravati district of Nandgaon khandeshwar, and Amravati tahsil were selected randomly. The Ex-post-facto research design was used in the present investigation. The present study was carried out in the Amravati district of the Vidarbha region to know the attitude of the farmers towards solar energy use in agriculture. There are 120 solar pump using farmers selected from two tahsil. All farmers were selected purposively for study. The data was collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of the presented structured schedule. The collected data was first tabulated, and then mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation were employed for interpretation of the findings. The characteristics of the farmers, namely age, education, land holding, family size, annual income, irrigation status, extension contact, economic motivation, risk orientation, scientific orientation, knowledge, were studied as independent variables. The attitude of farmers was studied as the dependent variable. Also the constraint faced by the farmers was studied in study area.
The present study “Awareness of vegetable growers about agricultural pollution” was conducted in Amravati district of Chandur Railway tahsil has been selected as it has a larger number of vegetable growers. The exploratory research design was used in the present investigation. The present study was carried out in the Amravati district of the Vidarbha region to know the awareness of vegetable growers about agricultural pollution. There are 120 vegetable growers were selected from 12 villages, All vegetable growers were selected purposively for study. i.e., 10 vegetable growers selected from each village. The data was collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of the presented structured schedule. The collected data was first tabulated, and then mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation were employed for interpretation of the findings.
Adolescent Mental Health has been increasing attention in recent years, especially in rural areas, where Limited Resources and socio-economic status has the potential to create increased psychological vulnerability. This study focused on Understanding the relationship between socio-economic Status (SES) with Mental Health in late adolescent girls (age 16 – 19) in a rural setting. A total of 90 subjects were initially selected using random sampling; 55 subjects were part of the middle and lowermiddle SES and were assessed using the L.N. Dubey and B. Nigam SES Scale along with a self-designed Mental Health questionnaire. Results indicate that 54.5% of subjects had Low Stress Levels, while 45.5% had Medium Stress Levels, and there were no subjects who reported High Stress Levels. Cross-tabulation indicated virtually No difference in Stress Levels between Middle and Lower-Middle SES groups, thereby indicating SES did not have a significant impact on the Mental Health outcomes of this sample. Rather, Mental Health Challenges Afflict rural adolescent girls in all SES categories, possibly due to Common Environmental, Cultural, and Structural Factors including Limited Healthcare Access, Social Pressures, Gender Norms, and Expectations in Education and Academia. The results of this study indicate a need for Universal Mental Health Intervention Programs, Community Support Systems, Community Identification Programs for Mental Health, and Stigma-Free Environments. Strengthening family, school, and community support networks is essential for promoting resilience and improving the overall mental well-being of adolescent girls in rural areas.
The present investigation was carried out along the Thane Creek (19°002 –19°152 N, 72°552 –73°002 E) and the adjoining Ulhas River estuary, Maharashtra, India, with the objective of assessing the growth performance of selected mangrove species under biofertilizer supplementation and evaluating their potential utility for farmers in coastal agroforestry systems. Three dominant mangrove species, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, and Sonneratia alba, were raised under controlled nursery conditions and subsequently transplanted to the intertidal mudflats of the study area. Biofertilizers including Azospirillum brasilense, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB, Bacillus megaterium), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomus spp.) were applied individually and in combinations. The experimental design comprised control and four treatment groups monitored for survival, height, biomass, and physiological parameters over 24 months. Results revealed that biofertilizer application significantly enhanced seedling growth, nutrient uptake, and survival under saline conditions. The combined treatment (Azospirillum + PSB + AMF) recorded the highest performance with up to 25% improvement in seedling height and 20% higher survival over control. The study concludes that biofertilizer-based interventions can be integrated with mangrove plantation programmes to promote sustainable coastal farming practices, soil health improvement, and climate resilience.
The present study “Attitude of tribal Farmers towards farm pond “ was conducted in Amravati district of chikhaldhara and Achalpur tahsil has been selected as it has the largest number of tribal farmer.The ex-post facto research design was used in the present investigation. The present study was carried out in the Amravati district of the Vidarbha region to know the attitude of farmers towards farm pond. There are 120 tribal farmer who have taken the benefit of farm pond were selected purposively form 18 villages for present study.The data was collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of the presented structured schedule. The collected data was first tabulated, and then mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation were employed for interpretation of the findings.
Mungbean may be grown in an extensive range of agro climatic zones in India and across the world. Mungbean is recognized as a poor peoples’ diet because of its high protein content, which meets the majority of peoples’ protein needs. Mungbean variety, ML 1808 was sown at the PAU’s Ludhiana, Entomological Research Farm during the Kharif seasons of 2022 and 2023. There were three dates of sowing, 2 July (early sowing), 17 July (timely sowing), and 1 August (late sowing). Seasonal abundance study revealed that whitefly attained peaks during 36th SMW and leafhopper attained peak at 34th SMW during crop season of 2022 and 2023. Bemisia tabaci, Empoasca sp. showed significant correlations with weather factors like temperature and rainfall.
A field experiment was carried out during the summer season of the year 2024 at College Farm, N. M. College of Agriculture, NAU, Navsari, Gujarat to study the effect of nano urea on growth, yield attributes and yield of summer pearl millet. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design having ten treatments with three replications. Among the different treatments, application of 80 % RDN + Spray of nano urea at 25 DAS + 50 DAS (4 ml L-1) was recorded significantly higher plant height at 60 DAS (164.90 cm) and harvest (172.87 cm), number of tillers hill-1 at 45 DAS (5.65) and at harvest (6.43), number of effective tillers hill-1 (2.93), number of ear head m-2 (29.31), ear head length (24.97 cm), grain yield (4986 kg ha-1) and straw yield (8528 kg ha-1) and it was statistically at par with the treatments 100 % RDN through urea. Significantly lower growth, yield attributes and yield were recorded under treatment control.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), one of India’s most important pulse crops, hol ds a dual significance in ensuring nutritional security and enriching soil fertility. Although improved varieties and scientifically validated production technologies are widely available, the yield levels of chickpea in many regions continue to remain below expectations. A key reason for this shortfall is the partial or non-adoption of recommended agronomic practices by farmers. The present investigation was undertaken in Amravati district of Maharashtra with the objective of assessing the extent of adoption gaps in chickpea cultivation. A purposive sample of 120 farmers was drawn from 12 villages located in Bhatkuli and Chandur Bazar talukas. Primary data were collected through structured interviews and subjected to statistical analysis using mean, percentage, and standard deviation. The results indicated considerable heterogeneity in the extent of adoption across different practices. The study revealed the highest adoption gaps in micronutrient and PGR use, storage, and spacing, followed by seed treatment and irrigation. Moderate gaps were noted in intercultural operations, weeding, seed rate, and disease control, while minimal gaps occurred in varietal choice, fertilizer use, sowing time, and harvesting. Overall, nearly two-thirds (64.17%) of the respondents were categorized under the medium adoption gap group, reflecting partial compliance with recommended production technologies. These findings highlight the critical need for demand-driven extension services, farmer training initiatives, and timely access to quality inputs in order to minimize adoption gaps, raise productivity levels, and foster sustainable chickpea cultivation in the region.
The present study, entitled “Perception of students about the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) programme” was conducted during the academic year 2024–25 in Amravati district of Maharashtra. The main objective of the study was to assess the perception of final-year B.Sc. (Agriculture) students towards the RAWE programme. A total of 120 students were selected as respondents through random sampling. Data were collected using a well-structured and pretested questionnaire covering 35 perception statements rated on a three-point continuum—Agree, Undecided, and Disagree. The findings revealed that a majority of students exhibited a favourable perception toward the RAWE programme. Students agreed that the programme provided real-life learning experiences (60.83%), practical exposure (69.16%), and good cooperation among peers (83.33%). However, issues such as stay arrangements (40% disagreed) and stipend adequacy/timeliness (75% undecided) reflected operational challenges. The study concludes that while students appreciated the experiential learning component of RAWE, logistical and administrative improvements are necessary for better implementation.
An investigation was carried out on growth attributes of Khirni (Manilkara hexandra, L.) seedlings under shade net house condition at Central Nursery, Late Shri Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani (M.S.), India during the year 2006-07 and 2007-08. Among Various treatments given after five and six months from the date of sowing to Khirni seedlings, GA3 150 ppm foliar spray was the best treatment for increasing vegetative growth and bringing early graftable size of Khirni seedlings under shade net house condition. While the treatment control i.e. no spray recorded minimum vegetative growth of Khirni seedlings under shade net house condition.
The study entitled “Identification of ITK in the Melghat region tribal farmer of Amravati district was conducted in the tribal-dominated Dharni and Chikhaldara Panchayat Samitis of Amravati district, Maharashtra. The objectives were: (i) to identify the indigenous technological knowledge (ITK) in agriculture and allied fields, and (ii) to assess knowledge levels. Data were collected from 120 randomly selected farmers across ten villages of chikhaldhra and dharnai tahasil of Amravati district. Findings revealed that most respondents were middle-aged, had modest education, small or semi-medium landholdings and low incomes. A majority (88.33%) possessed high knowledge The study concludes that ITK remains central to sustainable farming in Melghat, offering low-cost, eco-friendly alternatives to modern practices.
The present study “Role performance of farmer producer company members “ was conducted in Amravati district of Warud and Morshi tahsil has been selected as it has a larger active farmer producer companies.The Ex post facto design was used in the present investigation. The present study was carried out in the Amravati district of the Vidarbha region. to know the role performance of farmer producer company members. There are five farmer producer companies selected: Krushnarpan farmer producer company, Krushiarpan farmer producer company, cotton bee farmer producer company, Hardika farmer producer company, Shramajeevi farmer producer company. There are 120 members selected from from these five companies. 24 members were selected from each farmer producer company. All members were selected purposively for study. i.e., 24 members were selected from each farmer producer company. The data was collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of the presented structured schedule. The collected data was first tabulated, and then mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation were employed for interpretation of the findings. The characteristics of the members, namely age, education, land holding, occupation, annual income, co-ordination ability, extension contact, economic motivation, cosmopolitness, risk preference, training received were studied as independent variables. The role performance of members was studied as the dependent variable.
In India, agriculture contributes nearly one quarter of the crop and majority of the population is dependent on farm activities. The land holding per farmer in India is very insufficient compared to the other parts of the globe. According to Census 2011, in India 67.10 per cent of the total land holdings were belonged to marginal farmers. Government of Assam also reveals that marginal farmers constituted the largest segment (67.32%) of the total holdings in Assam. In Jorhat, 59.63 per cent of the total land holdings were belonged to marginal farmers. In comparison to the other progressive states, most of the agricultural land holdings of Assam are considered as organic by default because of less or no application of fertilizers and chemicals in production process. Farmers that are practicing organic farming not only fulfilling the requirements of family consumption but also give fair amount of income by reducing the cost of cultivation with a sustainability of agro eco system. But, due to limited land holdings, marginal farmers are unable to afford hi-tech systems for agricultural production. Also, there is a wide scope of organic farming which generates rural employment, provides food security at the house hold level, offer best prospects for poverty reduction and sustainable livelihood outcomes with maximum utilization of local natural inputs. However, the need of the hour is to promote organic farming by increasing the capacity of the marginal farmers through intervention programmes. Therefore, this study was conducted on sixty (60) marginal farmers from four adopted villages of College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat who were actively involved in the various activities of cultivation of vegetable crops. In order to educate the trainees on organic farming; lecture cum discussion, demonstration and communication with visual aids were used. Information on capacity of marginal farmers gathered from training was collected by interviewing the selected trainees with the help of interview schedule. The findings revealed that farmers knowledge before intervention was low. After the scores obtained from both the pre and post test, ‘t’ test was applied to know whether there was significant difference between the mean pre and mean post test score.
This study, conducted in the Dharni tahsil of Amravati district, India, examines the adoption gap in maize cultivation among 120 farmers. The research aimed to identify why farmers aren’t fully adopting recommended farming practices. Data was collected through personal interviews and analysed using statistical methods like mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation. The findings reveal that a significant majority of farmers (94.17%) have a medium adoption gap, indicating a widespread underutilization of recommended practices. This is a primary cause of the low-to-medium yield gap observed in the area. Key factors contributing to this problem include a major information and knowledge gap (93.33% of farmers affected), a lack of effective agricultural extension services (66.67%), and environmental challenges like weather-related crop damage (81.67%). The study also found that certain farmer characteristics are linked to the adoption gap. Factors like education, knowledge, and access to information are highly and negatively correlated with the adoption gap, meaning farmers with more of these traits tend to have a smaller gap. In contrast, age and farming experience are positively correlated, suggesting that older, more experienced farmers may be less likely to adopt new practices. To bridge this gap, farmers suggested a timely and affordable supply of inputs, more onfield demonstrations, and better training on modern farming techniques.
Bemisia tabaci, commonly known as the whitefly, is classified under the order Hemiptera, the family Aleyrodidae, and the subfamily Aleyrodinae soft bodied polyphagous pest distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions of India. Both the nymphs and adults of Bemisia tabaci cause direct as well as indirect damages to mungbean. The present investigation was conducted to study the whitefly biology on Kharif mungbean under screen house Entomological Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during seasons of 2022-2023. The average incubation period, first, second, third, total nymphal period and fourth instar (pupal) of Bemisia tabaci were 3.08±0.17, 4.22±0.14, 3.64±0.12, 3.67±0.13, 11.77±0.33 and 6.47±0.13 days, respectively. The pre-oviposition, oviposition, post-oviposition period and fecundity were 2.34±0.11, 4.14±0.14, 2.33±0.10 and 39.53± 0.40 days, respectively. The longevity male and female was 7.58 ±0.11 and 10.19±0.25 days. Total life cycle of Bemisia tabaci ranged 30.21±0.46 days.
The present study “Attitude of farmers towards e-peek pahani mobile app” was conducted in Amravati district of Achalpur tahsil has been selected as on pilot basis e-peek pahani programme first time conducted in this tahsil by Maharashtra Government. The exploratory research design was used in the present investigation. The present study was carried out in the Amravati district of the Vidarbha region to know the attitude of farmers towards e-peek pahani mobile a pp. There are 120 e-peek pahani mobile app users were selected from 10 villages, all e-peek pahani app users were selected purposively for study. i.e., 12 e-peek pahani mobile app users selected from each village. The data was collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of the presented structured schedule. The collected data was first tabulated, and then mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation were employed for interpretation of the findings.
Soybean is a critical crop that contributes significantly to India’s agricultural economy and has been a reliable oilseed source over the last few decades. Despite its importance and increase in area and production, productivity remains a challenge in Maharashtra, which is a leading soybean-producing state. Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) is a major oilseed crop in India, but its productivity at the farm level continues to remain well below the achievable potential. The present investigation was undertaken in Amravati district of Maharashtra during 2024–25 to examine the extent of adoption gap, yield gap, and socio-economic determinants of soybean cultivation. A multistage random sampling procedure was employed to select 120 soybean growers from ten villages of Amravati and Nandgaon Khandeshwar tahsils. Data were gathered through a structured interview schedule and analyzed using descriptive statistics along with Pearson’s correlation. Findings indicated that most farmers were middle-aged, owned small to semi-medium landholdings, and had medium levels of income, knowledge, innovativeness, and risk orientation. Overall adoption of recommended soybean practices was moderate; however, notable gaps persisted in seed treatment, balanced fertilization, plant protection, and irrigation practices. The yield index reflected a yield shortfall of about 30–40% between research station potential and field-level performance. Correlation results revealed that knowledge, innovativeness, and risk orientation significantly reduced adoption gaps, while variables such as age and education had little impact. The main constraints reported were high input costs, labour scarcity, inadequate irrigation, pest and disease incidence, and low market prices. Farmers recommended timely supply of quality inputs, greater training opportunities, subsidies on fertilizers and irrigation, and provision of local storage and procurement facilities. These findings highlight the need for integrated technical, institutional, and policy measures to narrow adoption gaps and enhance soybean productivity.
This study aims to: (1) describe the development of Indonesia’s gambier exports, (2) assess the competitiveness of Indonesian gambier exports in the Indian market, and (3) identify the factors influencing this competitiveness (HS Code 320190). A quantitative approach is employed using time-series data from 1999 to 2024, obtained from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the International Trade Centre (ITC), UN Comtrade, and Bank Indonesia. Export competitiveness is measured using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index, while its determinants are analyzed using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The findings show that Indonesia’s gambier exports to India have fluctuated over time but display a long-term upward trend. The RCA values consistently exceed one and fall within the category of strong comparative advantage (RCA > 4), indicating a high level of competitiveness. In fact, the RCA values range from approximately 21.23 to 38.25, demonstrating Indonesia’s dominant position as the primary supplier of gambier in the Indian market. The VECM results reveal that, in the long run, export volume, Indonesian gambier export prices, global gambier export prices, export prices of competing countries (Italy and Singapore), and the exchange rate significantly affect export competitiveness. In contrast, short-run adjustments toward equilibrium occur relatively slowly.
The present investigation was carried out in the agro-climatic condition of Bhubaneswar, Odisha during the year 2024- 25 to evaluate the qualitative performances of seventeen Tuberose (Agave amica L.) Genotypes. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two replications to assess all the qualitative attributes. All the varieties showed significant variations across the genotypes for all the parameters tested. Qualitative assessment revealed distinct variations in spike orientation, bud colour and floral structures, with single type flower showing normal anthers and double type flower exhibit malformed anthers. These results will be further useful for classification and identification of genotypes, varietal characterization, essential for breeding programmes, helpful in disease diagnosis and crop management, and important for consumer preference and market grading.
The lesser grain borer (Rhyzoperthadominica) is a major primary pest of stored paddy causing significant quantitative and qualitative damage andAngoumois grain moth, Sitotrogacerealella is regarded as one of the most destructive internal feeder in stored grains of rice. Although there are various approaches to addressing this issue, utilising plant based neutral silica is one of the most practical, cost-effective, and ecofriendly choice. Laboratory study was conducted with six treatments and four replications in a completely randomised design at Seed Research Technology Centre, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during July 2024 to April 2025 to investigate the effect of plant based neutral silica on the storability of paddy seeds. Seeds were treated with plant based neutral silica and with chemical check deltamethrin and stored in HDPE bags for nine months. The parameters of insect population and seed quality were recorded in order to assess the efficacy of different concentrations of silica. Neutral silica @3500ppm (3.5g/kg) (T3) recorded the highest seed quality parameters viz., seed germination (87.75%), lowest seed moisture content (8.83%), seed damage(3.56%),nil adult emergence and maximum mortality(100%) of pulse beetle at nine months of storage. A successful seed storage management strategy that kept seed quality above MSCS level for up to nine months of storage was the neutral silica @ 3.5g/kg (T3) seed treatment.
