The impact of Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide on the gills of Indian freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus was evaluated. The experimental group was exposed to 0.5μg/L of endosulfan for 30 days. Experimental and control fishes were sacrificed every 10 days for 30 days. The gills were fixed in Bouin's solution, dehydrated in graded ethanol, infiltrated in xylene, sectioned at 4-6μm and stained in hematoxylin and eosin. Epithelial necrosis, hypertrophy of epithelial cells, rupture of gill epithelium and hemorrhage at primary lamellae were observed in fishes after 10 days of exposure, while lifting of the epithelium, oedema and fusion of adjacent secondary lamellae were conspicuous in fishes of 20 days of exposure. No effects were however observed in control fishes. The authors believe that endosulfan is significantly toxic to the fish, so much so that it may lead to asphyxia and subsequent killing of the fish.
Fly ash being the problematic solid waste must be managed in eco-friendly way. For the same the present study was conducted to analyse the FA resistant bacteria by16S rDNA PCR. The identified bacterium was Kocuria sp HO-9042 with Gen bank Accession No: DQ531634.2. PCR amplification of the 16S rDNA gene from Kocuria sp revealed 8F and 1492R sequences with 550bp and 985bp respectively and a consensus sequence of 1401bp. The distribution of 100 BLAST hits on the 1401 query sequence showed the 10 homologs with about 200 nucleotide similarities with the homologues showing close relatedness on the basis of the sequence similarity in the significant alignments. The present investigation suggests that Kocuria sp HO-9042 in coal fly ash amended soil will also help in improving soil fertility.
The study involves the atomic absorption analysis of six selected heavy metals lead, cadmium, zinc, copper and chromium pollution in the soil sample of Amravati municipality, Maharashtra. A total of 160 surface soil samples (0-5 cm.) and 160 sub-surface soil sample (10-15 cm.) were collected from industrial, agricultural, road side and residential area. The result shows that the level of cadmium and copper exceeded the recommended level. Lead and zinc pollution was found only in the industrial area cobalt pollution was found in the industrial and road side area. There was no chromium pollution in the soil samples analyzed.
