As social media is ubiquitous, its usage is growing rapidly.Social media has impacted the decision-making process of consumers.This research aims to do a scenario analysis of six social media platforms based on consumers' preferences.It presents the consumers preferences during different stages of decision-making process.The selected platforms are Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, Company Portal and Consumer Opinion Forums.These platforms are selected on the basis of their ranking on Alexa.comsite.The study used datafrom 250 social media users of Delhi and responses are evaluated using descriptive statistics.The results depicted that consumers perceive different social media platform with different perspective and use different social media platforms for each stage of consumer decision making.
The objective of this study is to identify extent of coordination among the supply stakeholders; measure supply chain performance and to study the impact of supply chain coordination on supply chain performance. The study is based on primary data collected from dairy supply chain stakeholders namely farmer-producers, bulk milk coolers (BMC), processing unit, wholesalers and retailers. The data was collected through combination of personal interviews, telephonic interviews and e-mail. The total sample size of this study is 420 spread across 28 firms with each firm representing a total of 15 respondents. Linear regression was performed to study the impact of supply chain coordination on supply chain performance. The results of this study reveal that supply chain coordination positively impacts all the supply chain performance metrics namely efficiency, responsiveness, flexibility and quality. Supply chain coordination has highest impact on supply chain responsiveness followed by supply chain quality, supply chain flexibility and supply chain efficiency. In case of impact of supply chain coordination on overall supply chain performance, there is an evidence of strong impact of supply chain coordination on supply chain performance.
India today is the one of the world’s largest producer of eggs and broiler meat. The poultry industry in India has undergone a major shift in structure and operation during the last two decades transforming from a mere backyard activity into a major industry with the presence of a large number of integrated players. Present study was conducted to examine the economic and potential profitability assessment of poultry farming. The study was based on the data collected from the primary source. The results revealed thatthe total fixed cost in RIR breed and Kadaknath breed were estimated to be Rs. 55.66 per bird and Rs. 50.61 per bird, respectively. Feed cost was the major cost item accounting 57 per cent of the total cost. BCR, IRR and PI of the project were 1.56, 57 per cent and 2.57, respectively. Similarly, NPW of the project was also positive. Project recovered its initial investment in one year one month 28 days. It shows that, this project is financially feasible.
Raw milk quality is one of the most important factor before processing of milk and milk products. It is the main factor which is responsible for deciding the quality of end products. The present study was carried out at the selected BMC centre of a FPO owned dairy unit in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. The principal objective of the study was to draw a comparison between BMC standards of NDDB and standards of selected BMC centre. The findings of the study show that there are no major deviations except delay in opening and closing timings for milk collection. As a result preparation time is reduced hindering the efficiency of milk collection process. BMC unit is well-being running manually by operator and switch was being turned off once BMC centre milk temperature touches 40C and starts at 60C, due to this delay in manual cutoff the milk is being crystallized. As per NDDB standards auto mode is recommended so that the BMC switches off automatically once the milk temperature reaches 40C and restarts at 60C at BMC centre.
Consumer brand engagement has a major impact on the output and the revenues of a company. Consumer engagement refers to a psychological state which is directed towards an engagement object. The engagement object can be of various types such as a product or a service brand, organisation, organisational entities etc. This paper presents a theoretical perspective of consumer brand engagement and its dimensions. Descriptive research design has been used to study the construct consumer brand engagement through secondary data. The research highlights consumer brand engagement as a contextdependent and multi-dimensional concept comprising affective, behavioural and cognitive dimensions. The positively valanced consumer engagement cause favourable affective, behavioural and cognitive brand related activities which led to increase in positive word-of-mouth and brand usage whereas negatively valanced consumer engagement cause brand-denial, rejection and negative word-of-mouth. Positively valanced consumer engagement can open myriad opportunities for the marketers whereas the negatively valanced consumer engagement can be detrimental for the brand. The paper also attempts to highlight the challenges in consumer brand engagement.
Raw milk quality and quantity is the corner stone of excellent dairy products. Milk procurement guards this with an eagle eye and ensures that company’s production needs are met. Milk procurement is the starting point of FPO’s dairy supply chain. The FPO owned dairy unit has adopted a system of milk collection through village level milk pooling points (MPP’s). MPP is a common place in villages where the farmers pool their milk. The person who collects the milk from the farmers is called as “Pala Mitra” / “MPP operator”. The present study was carried out at the selected BMC centre of a FPO owned dairy unit in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. The principal objective of the study was to optimize the milk procurement routes using travelling salesman model. The findings of the study show that in route-1 the optimized distance is 48.2 kilometers, time travelled to cover all the milk pooling points is 83.5 minutes and the total cost per trip is around 345 Rs. In route-2 optimized distance is 26.7 kilometers, time travelled to cover all the milk pooling points is 76 minutes and the total cost per trip is around 191 Rs. In route-3 optimized distance is 18.4 kilometers, time travelled to cover all the milk pooling points is 71 minutes and the total cost per trip is around 132 Rs.There was a significance reduction of total distance, time and cost in raw milk transportation for the identified bulk milk cooling unit with the optimization of routes was observed. The total distance for travelling to procure the milk to BMC unit has been reduced to 186.8 kilometers per day from 194.6 kilometers per day. The total time of travelling to procure milk to BMC unit was reduced from 501 minutes per day to 461 minutes per day. The total cost incurred for transportation of raw milk to BMC unit has been reduced from 1391.4 Rs. to 1335.6 Rs. With route optimization in all routes of identified bulk milk cooling unit a total reduction in cost of transportation of 55.77 Rs. per day could be achieved. As these transportation operations are routine and need to be done throughout the year an annual cost saving of 20,356 Rs. per annum for the identified BMC unit could be achieved.
The present study is intended to understand the buying behaviour of sweet corn consumers. For the study Hyderabad and Vijayawada cities were purposively considering the markets for sweet corn and consumer diversity. A representative sample of sixty sweet corn consumers were selected by using simple random sampling technique from the market. The collected data was analyzed by using appropriate tools like percentage and frequencies and Garrett’s ranking. From the investigation it was found that majority of sample consumers preferred to buy sweet corn in raw cob form compared to other forms. Frequency of consumption of sweet corn details revealed that greater percentage of sample consumers were consuming once in a month followed by occasional consumption. Out of the total sample consumer 45 per cent informed that the average monthly consumption is 10-20 cobs. The top preferred reasons for sweet corn purchase were good taste and healthy food. Most preferred place by respondent consumers to purchase sweet corn cobs was from road side vendors followed by small grocery stores.
Among all agricultural farm inputs like seed, soil, machinery, fertilizer, irrigation etc.A good quality seed is a considered as major important farm input as it directly contributes to a good crop production which further makes farmer to earn income by marketing the surplus to consumers.Different seed brands are realised by public and private companies in the market which is becoming a challenging for farmer to choose a good quality seed brand for cultivation purpose.As tomato is considered as one of most profitable crop, majority of the farmers choose it for commercial purpose.A study was made to know about the farmers' brand preference towards tomato seed and finding the reasons that making farmer to choose a specific brand.Study has conducted by choosing two blocks i.e., Mulakalacheruvu and Nimmanapalle of Chittoor district and information was collected from 120 sample farmers from cluster of villages through random sampling procedure.Top eight brands of tomato seed were taken for study and ranking was done through simple weighted average method and it was found that majority of the farmers prefer SAHOO (TO-3251) followed by PHS SWEAKAR (448).Because of its characteristics of high yield and resistance to pest and diseases and when specific brand gives good crop yields for farmers, then the studies analysed that there will be repetitive purchase of that brand and farmers will shift irrespective of considering the cost of seed.
Horticulture was an important and prime activity of farmers in Uttarakhand Himalaya,but presently, the horticulture farming facing great stress due to climate change, land use change, unscientific management and un-willingness of farmers.The present study was under taken to know the scope of cluster base Pomegranate cultivation.Different issues identified as a community vision for the development of this promising area.One year growth data was validated and measured in this study.
Management theories emerged in Europe and USA serve as the basis for all the management concepts applicable in a business organization.Management and administration are the foundation stones for an organization.The concepts of management are completely designed in the western countries which is adopted by all business organization.Japan has its unique management style which is rooted in quality of a product and loyalty towards work.In this scenario it is questionable whether India is lacking in its own management theory.This article tries to introspect the management concepts hidden in our glorious past.
Farmers need information at all stages from crop production to post-harvest management.With the advent of ICT drastic changes in agricultural information dissemination is been seen.To know the information and media that famers prefer a study was conducted in Krishna and Guntur districts of Andhra Pradesh.Purposive cum random sampling was used to select sample and data was collected using schedules.Factor analysis technique was used to reduce the number of variables to eight.Video and text messages were major media preferences of farmers.Model deciphering the flow of information through IT enabled devices was figured followed by scope and strategies for penetration of ICT to farmers were also suggested.
The study entitled "Job satisfaction of workers of KERAFED Oil Complex, Karunagappally, Kollam" had been undertaken to examine the level of satisfaction of workers in the organisation.Ten parameters structured around Frederick Hertzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory had taken for the study.The sample size of the study is 70 permanent workers along with 10 temporary workers as a control group.Satisfaction indices and percentages were used to analyze the data obtained through structured interview schedule.The satisfaction levels are categorized into five; excellent (above 80), good (61-80), moderate (41-60), poor (21-40) and very poor (upto 20).The majority of workers were married males are Hindus belonged to OBC category, aged between 41-50 years with higher secondary education and in service for 20-25 years.Most of the workers were having owned house with lands between 1-10 cents and cent per cent of the workers owned two wheelers.From the ten selected parameters, the level of satisfaction of permanent workers was excellent for the parameters viz., work hours, government policy, superiors managing ability, employee welfare activities, degree of participation and interpersonal relationship whereas three parameters viz., quality of physical environment, satisfaction with wages and retirement benefits and job security and promotional benefits were categorised as good.However the company and administrative policy was categorized as moderate.Out of ten parameters, six parameters obtained satisfaction index above the overall job satisfaction index.The overall job satisfaction index of 81 per cent for permanent workers is closer to the upper limit of the category of good may be because of the comparatively low satisfaction indices obtained for the parameters viz., company and administrative policy, quality of physical environment, satisfaction with wages and retirement benefits and job security and promotional benefits.The overall job satisfaction index of permanent workers was 81 per cent which indicates level of satisfaction as excellent whereas for temporary workers, it was 73 per cent which indicates level of satisfaction as good.
Agriculture is considered to be the backbone of Indian Economy; it is considered to be one of the prime moving factors of economy and is responsible for generating huge dividends in the form of revenue.Inspite of high growth rate of Indian economy, it is still not in good shape, there are many issues and challenges that are paid lax attention.India is one of the chief suppliers of items like spices, pulses, saffron and milk, it contributes a major chunk to the GDP of nation, it impacts the lives of majority of Indians, however the figures are coming down.This paper tries to identify the major issues and challenges of Indian agriculture and what can be the possible solutions.
This study was conducted in between July 2018 and Sept. 2018 on a sample of 200 farmers selected on convenience from 12 villages of two talukas of Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra. Primary data were collected by sampling method on pretested semi-structured schedules. The finding suggested that about 30 per cent and 40 per cent farmers used water soluble fertilizers (WSFs) in Nagar and Shrirampur taluka, respectively. We selected Vedant fertilizer for sampling (Microsoft 6 and Amizone) to farmers because of these two products are newly launched and there are low sales in Nagar and Shrirampur taluka of Ahmednagar district. After sampling to 100 farmers of Nagar and 100 farmers of Shrirampur, we observed farmers purchase Vedant products. Water soluble fertilizers gives good result on crop after few days of sampling most of farmer observed healthy development of crop so farmers purchase nutrilex water soluble fertilizers.
Considering the promising future of on line marketing the study aimed to analyse the determinants and constraints of on line marketing.120 students (who were engaging in online shopping) selected from two colleges (representing one professional and one traditional college) from Thrissur district consisting of 60 male and 60 female respondents were equally selected and primary survey was conducted through a structured interview schedule.The study highlighted that major factor of online shopping is convenience.Online marketers may pay more attention to free delivery, or free gift and do the best to build, enhance and maintain their good reputation.Delivery in time is an vital factor and important constraint, the proper delivery in time and nearest place it will create trust and image of the websites, therefore, advisable to concentrate on proper delivery services.
Passenger bus transport nationalization process is only partial in Kerala.The share of KSRTC fleet in the State's total stage carriages is only about one-third as mentioned.These transport undertakings as public enterprises are conceived and organized to function as commercial enterprises engaged in economic activity involving huge outlays of public investment.Social and economic objectives of providing efficient and economical transportation facilities to the masses have been the prime consideration for bringing the passenger road transportation system under the umbrella of the state which was sought to be achieved by the road transport corporation act.The objectives of the study are to identify passenger preference towards KSRTC in Thrissur, analyze the quality of road transport service and to compare the customer preference of customers between KSRTC and other modes of transport.Data was collected from 60 respondents through purposive sampling.The findings was that majority of the passengers prefer KSRTC Majority of the passengers prefer KSRTC due to the low fare given by them and also the passengers are of the opinion that the punctuality of KSRTC buses are to be improved the most.One of the important suggestions was that the KSRTC can provide students concessions and other facilities for increasing the use of these buses by the youngsters.Government can make new routes to improve the reach and also make more income.
Tamarind seed is an underutilized by-product of the tamarind pulp industry.Only a small portion of the seed, in the form of tamarind kernel powder and it used as a sizing material in the textile, paper and jute industries.Though many applications of this seed are possible, there have been hardly any other uses for it including using it as an additive in food formulations.The excellent gelling cum adhesive characteristics of the decorticated seed powder can lead to several applications in food and pharmaceutical industries which are evident by the number of research papers as well as patent applications.In this perspective an analysis has been made to know the cost and returns of tamarind seed processing units.The analytical tools such as NPV, IRR, Payback period and B : C ratio were used to analyze the data.The study was based on the primary source and it was used to analyze the financial feasibility of tamarind processing units in study area.Results showed that processing of 1kg of tamarind seed will give 0.70 kg (70 %) of tamarind kernel seed powder and 0.30 kg (30%) of hard brown testa.Here main product was tamarind kernel seed powder and by-product was hard brown testa.It was observed that the tamarind seed processing unit was found to be financially sound and economically feasibility in terms of net present value with Rs. 15,526.68,IRR 37.00 per cent, B : C ratio of 3.80 and payback period was 2.30 years.The total variable cost was Rs. 24,354.30(60.25 %), total fixed cost was Rs. 16,080.97(39.78 %) and total processing cost was Rs. 40,421.32(100%).The derived Gross return was Rs. 55,948 and net return was Rs. 15,526.68.
The present study was conducted in Dharwad district 2018-19.The multistage random sampling technique was selected for the study.For the study, 2 taluks of Dharwad district namely, Dharwad and Navalgund taluk were purposively selected to throw light on the study.These 2 taluks have highest number of sheep and goat population and stall fed units in the study area.From each taluk, 8 villages with highest population of sheep and goat and 3 stall fed units and from each village 5 sheep and goat rearing farmers were selected randomly for the study.For obtaining information related to marketing of sheep and goat, 5 village merchant, 5 wholesalers and 5 retailers (butchers) were selected.The price spread was lowest in channel-III (butcher) due to the absence of more number of market intermediaries in marketing of sheep and goat.High cost of shed construction was found to be the major constraint in the stall fed rearing and shrinkage of grazing land in case of grazing method of sheep and goat rearing.
The investigation was carried out to estimate the cost and returns of stall fed and grazing methods of sheep and goat rearing in Dharwad district 2018-19.The multistage random sampling technique was selected for the study.For the study, in Dharwad district 2 taluks namely, Dharwad and Navalgund taluk were purposively selected to throw light on the study.These 2 taluks have highest number of sheep and goat population and stall fed units in the study area.From each taluk, 8 villages and 3 stall fed units were selected for the study.The cost and returns of stall fed and grazing methods of sheep and goat rearing were analysed in tabular analysis.The investment for stall method of sheep and goat rearing is Rs.24,77,000 and Rs.3,630 in case of grazing method of sheep and goat rearing.The study reveals that the variable cost, fixed cost and total cost of rearing were highest on stall fed method of sheep and goat rearing, followed by grazing method of sheep and goat rearing.The maximum returns are from the sale of animal followed by sale of manure.
