The traditional Retinex algorithm for low-light enhancement suffers from local halo blurring,insufficient retention of edge details,and severe noise.To solve these problems,an improved Retinex mine low-light image enhancement algorithm based on improved Retinex is proposed.The Gaussian filter in the Retinex algorithm is replaced by an improved multi-scale bootstrap filter in HSV space,the Weber-Fechner law is applied to the illumination component for illumination equalization,the contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization algorithm is fused with the improved bootstrap filter,and contrast enhancement and denoising are performed on the reflection component.Meanwhile,adaptive stretching is performed on the saturation component,and finally converted to RGB space to obtain the enhanced image.This indicates that the algorithm effectively improves image brightness and contrast,preserves edge details while avoiding halo artifacts,reduces noise effects,and provides a theoretical reference for low-light image enhancement.
On the basis of summarizing the knowledge sources in the field of mine safety monitoring system,a domain knowledge graph was constructed in a top-down manner.The technical implementation methods of knowledge source acquisition,knowledge extraction,knowledge storage and display were analyzed.The research results were applied to the abnormal analysis of the safety monitoring system,and the T0 alarm situation of the mining face was analyzed,which demonstrating the feasibility of the technology.The research results have filled the knowledge gap between on-site technicians and coal mine safety monitoring systems,laying the foundation for the intelligent development of coal mine safety monitoring systems.
The problem of gas control in soft and thin seam with high gas content has been puzzling the safety production of coal mine,and the pre-drainage of borehole gas in this seam is one of the effective measures to solve this problem.According to the occurrence characteristics of soft and thin coal seam with high gas content in a mine in Shanxi,studies the reasonable hole sealing depth and drilling construction technology of this coal seam,and determines that the reasonable hole sealing depth of pre-drainage drilling is 18 m,and the optimal drilling construction technology is pneumatic directional drilling,which improves the gas pre-drainage concentration of this coal seam to more than 52%,improves the gas control effect of this coal seam,and provides reference for gas control of other coal seams with similar occurrence conditions.
In order to reveal the deformation mechanism of surrounding rock in the three-soft coal seam with GSER(GSER), through physical simulation experiment, the roof strata fracture evolution under the three conditions of no roof cutting general support, top cutting high-strength support, and roof cutting public support is simulated, the roof structures mechanical structure model of roof cutting GSER in the three-soft coal seam is established. The research shows that based on the overburden characteristics in the three-soft coal seam, the roof-cut technology cuts off the stress transmission, and high-strength support is adept in the roadway. Therefore, the roof can form a "short cantilever beam-voussoir beam" structure. With no roof cutting general support, the average approach distance and the floor are 1000-1200mm. The moderate approach distance of the two sides is 600-700mm. Under the roof cutting general support, the middle approach distance of the roadway roof and the floor is 800-900mm. The intermediate approach distance of the two sides is 400-500mm. Under the roof cutting high-strength support conditions, the roadway roof and floor's average approach distance is 200-300mm, and the intermediate approach distance of the two sides is 200-300mm. Under the roof cutting combined support, the middle approach distance of the roadway roof and the floor is 50-100mm. The moderate approach distance of the two sides is 100-200mm. Therefore, the combined high-strength support can better control the severe deformation of the surrounding rock of the GSER in the three-soft coal seam. The remaining roadway can satisfy secondary reuse with no repair.
为实现新疆阿艾矿区瓦斯高效治理，利用实验测试、数理统计、现场测试、理论分析等方法对矿区瓦斯赋存规律及其主控因素开展研究，研究结果表明：矿区比尤勒包谷孜背斜单元瓦斯含量普遍在8 m~3/t以上，夏阔坦向斜单元瓦斯含量分布在4～8 m~3/t，捷斯德里克向斜单元瓦斯含量分布在0～3 m~3/t。比尤勒包谷孜背斜单元瓦斯含量主要受控于高煤化作用阶段导致的良好瓦斯生成条件、强烈构造挤压超低渗效应导致的煤层良好保存条件。夏阔坦向斜单元瓦斯含量主要受控于较高煤化作用阶段导致的较好瓦斯生成条件，高惰质组含量、高吸附能力、高孔隙度导致的煤层良好储气能力。捷斯德里克向斜单元低瓦斯含量主要受控于低煤化作用阶段导致的较差瓦斯生成条件，低惰质组含量、低吸附能力导致的煤层较差储集能力，浅埋深、高透气性导致的煤层较差保存条件。
The feasibility of using added catalysts and organic solvents to improve the efficiency of coal electrolytic desulfurization was explored based on the study of the optimal electrolytic desulfurization conditions under acidic coal conditions using Shanxi Shigejie coal samples as raw materials.The effects of inorganic catalyst and organic solvent on inorganic and organic sulfur in coal were investigated under the condition of Hcl as the electrolyte, and the changes of sulfur content in coal before and after the experiment were analyzed by Coulometric titration, AAS, GB/T 215-2003, and total sulfur differential subtraction method, and the changes of surface functional groups of organic sulfur model compounds before and after desulfurization were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy to study the mechanism of electrolytic desulfurization of sulfur in coal.Nacl, Mgcl2, Fe(NO3)3, MnSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3 were selected as inorganic catalysts, and DMF, CH3OH and DMSO were used as organic solvents to compare the desulfurization rates of inorganic and organic sulfur in coal samples before and after immersion and before and after electrolysis, respectively.The experimental results show that under the best electrolytic desulfurization conditions, manganese sulfate can significantly improve the inorganic sulfur removal efficiency, DMF+CH3OH, DMF organic solvent for immersion desulfurization is not obvious, but the organic sulfur removal efficiency is significant after electrolytic desulfurization.
This paper designs a comprehensive testing device and method for coal and gas outburst alarm and power-off, which can realize the accurate, efficient and automatic testing of coal and gas outburst alarm and power-off locking function of heading face, coal and gas outburst alarm and power-off locking function of coal mining face of coal mine safety monitoring system. In addition, it can also realize the wind power and gas locking function and power-off time, substation over limit locking function and power-off time accurate test of substation fault locking function and power-off time.
This paper designs a safety monitoring substation based on edge computing, which can realize the self-diagnosis and self-recognition of the faults of each component module of the coal mine safety monitoring substation and give a voice alarm through the voice alarm module to prompt the operator to repair in time. Through the self-diagnosis of the fault, it facilitates the operation of the maintenance personnel, shortens the time of fault repair, and ensures the timeliness of the operation of the management personnel through the voice prompt as well as avoids the further development and expansion of potential safety hazards. In addition, the substation can also give prompts related to the system operation through the voice module, which greatly facilitates the use and maintenance personnel, avoids the occurrence of mis-operation or missing operation, and ensures the stability and safety of the system operation.
为了减小松软煤层钻孔施工的卡钻概率,从钻孔排渣规律和塌孔卡钻机理2方面进行分析,提出了解决卡钻的关键因素及所需的钻杆功能要求,并以此为基础对钻杆的结构进行了设计,分析了钻杆防卡解卡的原理,利用排渣性能实验和流固耦合数值模拟相结合的方法验证了该钻杆结构的合理性.防卡钻杆在工业性试验过程中相对常规凹槽螺旋钻杆表现出更好的排渣性能和防卡钻能力,为促进煤矿自动化钻进的发展提供有效支撑.
为了确定出方山新井二1煤层掘进工作面突出危险性预测敏感指标及临界值,通过分析煤样突出参数,初步确定出可诱导二1煤层发生突出的主导因素,再依据工作面指标与瓦斯指标(瓦斯含量)的相关性,对比分析其敏感程度,从而确定出二1煤层掘进工作面敏感指标为钻屑瓦斯解吸指标△h2值(主要指标)和钻屑量指标S值(辅助指标).采用实验室测定、历史异常情况分析、现场跟踪考察相结合的研究方法,并通过扩大试验进行验证,确定出了其临界值为△h2=180Pa、S=4.8 kg/m.结果表明,所确定的掘进工作面突出预测敏感指标及临界值符合矿井实际情况,能够有效保证煤巷安全高效地掘进.
Coal is the main source of energy and basic industry in China. Although its proportion is compressed, China′s energy pattern is still dominated by coal. In recent years, coal mine intelligence has developed rapidly. Robotics and artificial intelligence technology are necessary technologies to realize the intelligence of coal mines and improve the level of safe production in the mines. Because the belt conveyor has skidding, tearing, and other problems, it is necessary to monitor the machine.Considering the harsh patrol conditions, based on GatewayWorker technology, a robot intelligent inspection system is designed to replace the traditional manual inspection; for problems such as the amount of matter mixed in the raw coal and the conveyor is easy to run off, a foreign matter and conveyor identification model based on YOLOv5 convolutional neural network（CNN） is constructed.The experimental results show that the system design meets the feasibility requirements.
针对煤矿空压机设备构成复杂、能耗高和管理繁杂等问题,设计了一种以PC为上位机、S7-1200 PLC为下位机的煤矿空压机监控系统.系统硬件配置综合考虑了程序存储空间、代码运行速度、I/O数目、电磁干扰等因素,并分别开发用于集中监控和模块化管理的上、下位机程序.本系统设计可实现对煤矿空压机设备的远程调度管理,对提高整体自动化水平有重要意义.
针对具有强冲击危险的孤岛工作面冲击地压防治问题,从动静载、覆岩结构和统计经验等方面分析了其冲击危险性和防治难点,得出孤岛工作面受多侧"F"型覆岩结构以及开采时"T"型覆岩结构的协同运动影响,导致静载应力和受到的动载扰动远高于普通工作面,工作面两巷为防治重点.针对上述问题,提出将孤岛工作面两巷外错布置在两侧采空区下方稳定的岩层中,利用工作面开采后形成的应力降低区和采空区内松散的煤岩结构达到降载、吸能的目的.经数值模拟对比分析:当孤岛工作面分别采用留设小煤柱、宽煤柱和外错岩巷布置时,工作面两巷静载应力为外错岩巷布置＜宽煤柱布置＜小煤柱布置.在受到相同动载和距离的矿震影响下,外错岩巷布置受到的影响仅为留设小煤柱和宽煤柱的13％、20％.
以氢氧根为变量制出不同碱化度的铝钛聚合物(PATC),以及对比分析了其与聚铝、氯化铝对煤泥水的沉降效果,并结合Zeta电位与显微技术分析了其沉降特性的作用机理.结果表明在碱化度0.5下铝钛聚合物用量为0.8 kg/t时,PATC的絮团粒径最大,为80.1 μm,较聚铝、氯化铝作用下絮团增大1.85与2.92倍,电位提升了 36.79 mV,且药剂用量最小,说明阳离子价位越高,中和电位越强,颗粒更易聚集沉降,因此高价位阳离子是进一步提高微细粒难沉降煤泥水沉降效果与降低药耗的发展方向之一.
利用各类传感器采集矿用通风机运行状态信号,将其转换为优质的数字信号,并通过无线传输层的路由器节点传送到ZigBee协调器,其完成数字信号的汇聚后,运用串口通信电路发送到业务应用层,采用小波包算法提取信号特征,利用长短时记忆网络监测矿用通风机运行状态,利用PLC控制单元发出报警.实验结果表明:该系统的信号调理及信号特征提取效果较优良,且能准确监测矿用通风机运行状态,并发出有效的故障报警.
为解决特厚煤层沿空巷道围岩变形破坏严重的难题,以马道头矿8209特厚煤层工作面沿空回采巷道为例,运用UDEC数值模拟软件分析了巷道采空侧覆岩结构的形成及运动规律,阐明了不同阶段上区段采空区侧向支承压力的分布特征及对布置巷道区域煤体的影响,分析了5209沿空巷道在经受二次采动影响条件下围岩的破坏机理,提出了针对性不对称控制对策.研究结果表明:马道头矿5209沿空巷道顶板采用"桁架组合梁+高强长锚杆"支护系统对顶板围岩进行深-浅结合、不对称性控制,煤柱帮采用"高强长锚杆+短锚索"进行强化控制,沿空巷道围岩和支护结构不对称破坏状况得到改善,对类似特厚煤层沿空巷道围岩控制具有借鉴意义.
研发了一套以STM32为主控制器的煤矿井下移动式排水监控终端.首先分析了矿井下移动式排水监控终端的设计需求,然后设计了终端的硬件结构和软件程序.实时嵌入式操作系统FreeRTOS的应用,使终端拥有强大的并行处理能力,终端应用于煤矿井下排水监控系统中,能够实现井下排水状态参数的实时采集和智能控制,具有尺寸小、造价便宜和可移动等优点,为井下排水方案设计提供了可靠参考.
煤矿机械设备在井下作业时,设备的关键部件易受到矿石、煤渣等杂质的磨损和侵袭,长时间运行可能导致结构的失效和破坏,造成较大的经济损失.为了提高煤矿机械设备的使用性能,对设备可能出现的故障进行预警,结合无线传感技术,设计了 一种煤矿机械自供电监测系统,相对于传统监测系统,该设计采用无线传感和能效管理技术,在能效控制方面有很大的优势,由于机械设备的运行温度和振动特性是非常重要的状态指标,因此,在设计煤矿机械自供电监测系统时,重点针对温度传感器和振动传感器电路进行了研究.
由于岱庄矿十下灰、十三灰和奥灰水源水质根据目前常规水质化验资料无明显的区别元素,容易产生误判.为实现对岱庄矿涌水水源的准确识别,在收集该矿地质及水文地质资料的基础上,首先对主要涌水含水层水化学特征进行分析,其次选取Na++K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Cl-,SO42-,HCO3-这6种特征离子含量作为Fisher判别分析的因子,随后利用SPSS25.0软件建立岱庄矿涌水水源Fisher判别函数模型,最后选取该矿3组测试水样对模型进行验证.结果表明:利用Fisher判别分析理论建立的涌水水源识别模型,可准确识别这些水质相近的涌水水源,回代准确率达91.3％,3组测试水样判别结果也与工程实际情况一致,表明此模型在岱庄矿涌水防治上具有一定的指导意义.
以赵家梁煤矿大巷煤柱回收为研究背景,用物理相似模拟实验和现场监测等方法,对大巷煤柱回收工作面覆岩破坏及应力演化规律进行研究.结果表明:3101工作面采空后,靠采空区侧保护煤柱应力峰值为5.12 MPa,距采空区7 m;3102工作面采空后,靠采空区侧保护煤柱应力峰值为5.2 MPa,距采空区8.5 m;大巷煤柱回收工作面回采完成后,保护煤柱上方应力分布呈马鞍形,两侧采空对大巷煤柱回收工作面影响较小.现场实测数据与物理相似模拟实验所得数据相符,验证了相似模拟实验用于类似问题研究的可行性.
