Recent proposed changes in federal healthcare laws by leading U.S. political parties will lead to higher prices for consumers and heftier profits for retailers especially in monopolistic markets. This is due to the way that the surcharges are proposed to be levied which is as a percentage of the base price of the healthcare service. This paper explains how prices are formed by a profit maximizing firm under the assumption of a production function that is homogeneous of degree one. This paper also demonstrates the relationship between markups and the price elasticity of demand. An analysis of how the newly proposed healthcare rules would impact relative prices in markets of varying levels of competition is then performed.
Inadequate organisational capabilities have led to various problems for many hotels with a growing limitation in their ability to perform. Several studies relating to organisational capabilities and organisational performance have been conducted in the literature but none of these have investigated organisational capabilities as a predictor of competitiveness in the hospitality industry in Nigeria. This study therefore investigated the role of organisational capabilities in the competitiveness of selected hotels in South-west Nigeria. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. The population was 2,750 management and supervisory staff of 37 selected hotels in Southwest Nigeria. The sample size of 450 was determined using the Slovin sampling formula. A proportionate stratified sampling technique was employed to select the respondents. A structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients for all the constructs had an average of 0.728. The response rate was 77.3%. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential (multiple and hierarchical regression) statistics. Findings from the study indicated that organisational capabilities had significant and positive effect on competitiveness at (Adj. R2=0.337; F(6,340)=30.251; p<0.05) of selected hotels in Southwest Nigeria. The study concluded that corporate culture, managerial knowledge, human capacity and innovation management are key resources for driving competitiveness of hotels in Southwest Nigeria.
With the improvement of living standards, cellphones have been replaced more frequently. Manufacturers of smart products must maintain a high level of customer satisfaction and loyalty to achieve sales targets. The important marketing goal of modern companies is constantly improving customer satisfaction and loyalty to expand the number of loyal customers. This paper proposes the components of customer perceived value based on the analysis of the relevant literatures on customer perception theory, which are functional value, emotional value, social value, price value, relationship commitment value, and access convenience. Taking Xiaomi as a case, this paper puts forward a marketing strategy to improve customer loyalty from the perspective of customer perceived value. Through this study, social value, emotional value, price value, and relationship commitment value have a significant positive effect on attitude loyalty and behavioral loyalty; functional value does not have a significant positive effect on the attitude loyalty and behavioral loyalty of general consumers; access convenience only has a significant positive effect on behavioral loyalty but has no significant positive effect on attitude loyalty. To enhance customer loyalty, social value, emotional value, price value, and relationship commitment value should be strengthened. However, if customers are expected to not only have their attitude loyalty, but also actually take actions to generate behavioral loyalty, in addition to strengthening social value, emotional value, price value, and relationship commitment value, companies should also focus on improving access convenience.
Impulse buying has been an interesting discussion for more than half a century in various domains of study by business persons and researchers. The massive impulse buying done by consumers and higher profits gained by businesspersons are some of the reasons why impulse buying research needs to be done. Generation Z is one of the consumer groups that is believed to have the potential to do impulse buying. The high number of the population, the strong influence on family purchasing decisions, the fond of shopping, and the power of purchasing are the compelling reasons to further examine the impulse buying of generation Z. Internal factors,hedonic shopping value, can be the causes of impulse buying done by generation Z. This research aimed at determining the effect of hedonic shopping value on the impulse buying of fashion products of generation Z. The research method used in this research was causal research. The data was presented and analyzed using quantitative method. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 300 persons of generation Z that has been selected with purposive sampling method. The results of the research based on calculations using SEM AMOS 24 showed that hedonic shopping values had a positive and significant effect on the impulse buying of fashion products of generation Z.
This study is conducted to address the effect of village fund management accountability in Aceh Singkil District of Indonesia. Using the factors of government internal supervisory, village apparatus competency and public participation, this study tried to test either partially or simultaneously on the management accountability of village funds. By selecting the population of all villages in Aceh Singkil District, which total of 116 villages in 11 districts, these research using purposive sampling method to curve the population. However, the sampling technique used stratified random sampling, totaling 46 villages including the village head, village secretary, treasurer, head of affairs and community leaders in each village. Utilizing the primary data of questionnaires from respondents, the research data was collected by using documentation techniques. The result of Multiple Linear Regression Analysis proved that the government internal supervisory and village apparatus competency influenced the management accountability of village funds in Aceh Singkil District. Alongside, public participation has no effect on the management accountability of village funds in Aceh Singkil District.
Over the years, the field of Strategic Human Resource Management has attracted a lot of attention from academics and researchers, especially in relation to employee perceptions of Human Resources (HR) practices. HR Practices (HR Practices) is a process of attracting, motivating, and retaining employees to ensure the survival of the organization. Several aspects in HR practices encourage employees to work better to improve organizational performance. Organizational performance is not an easy matter. Organizational performance is an indicator that can show the level of achievement that the company has achieved and can also be used to reflect the success of the manager / entrepreneur. This is because performance is the result achieved, which comes from the behaviour of company members. The study was conducted on 64 respondents to determine the effect of HR practices on company performance. Linear regression was used as a method of analysis. The independent variable regression coefficient (Beta) is used to determine the direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The level of acceptance of the hypothesis is determined by t-sig; t-sig <0.05 indicates the significance level of the relationship at the 95% confidence level. Research result showed that Training have no significant effect on either Job Competence, Job Autonomy, or Job Impact, however Training have negative effect on Job Autonomy; Reward have no significant effect on both Job Competence and Job Autonomy, however Reward have negative effect on Job Competence, but have significant effect on Job Impact; Management Style have significant effect on all Job Competence, Job Autonomy, and Job Impact; Job Competence and Job Autonomy have no significant effect on Organization Performance based on Learning and Growth, but Job Impact does.
Emotional intelligence is the capacity to be aware, control and express one’s emotions and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically. Being emotionally intelligent involves tuning into emotions, understanding them and taking appropriate action. This paper examines the impact of emotional intelligence on the productivity of oil firms in Southern Nigeria. The sporadic disruption of oil production by the host communities through youth militancy accentuated by the dwindling fortunes of revenue to the government has been a great concern to all stakeholders. An inductive research design was adopted. Data collection instruments were the use of structured questionnaire and interviews. The population of the study was 11,600 with the sample size of 637 determined using the Freund and Williams Method. Simple random sampling technique was used to determine the sample points. Linear regression anchored on Pearson correlation was utilized to analyze the data. The findings reveal that emotional intelligence influences employees’ behavior at work positively and improved the productivity of the selected petroleum firms. It is recommended that managers of the petroleum firms in Nigeria should develop transformational leadership among their workforce and create effective relationship management.
The study assessed the generation of Internally Generated Fund( IGF) and its effects on financial performance of Universities, with evidence from Kumasi Technical University in Ghana. The objectives of the research work were to identify the sources of IGF; whether Kumasi Technical University has new strategies in the generation of IGF; and whether IGF of Kumasi Technical University was able to meet its expenditure. The research design was descriptive. Sixty- three out of seventy questionnaires administered were retrieved. Secondary data were extracted from relevant reports/articles, journals, and other documents. Convenience and purposive sampling were used to select respondents. Findings were that the largest contributor to IGF was fees; and actual IGF fell short of actual expenditure. The conclusions were that fees were the major source of funds to Public Tertiary Institutions; Government support was mainly in the form of wages and salaries and capital projects through Ghana Education Trust Fund (GETfund); and wages and salaries were the highest expenditure though directly paid by government. Staff motivation, assigning competent staff to revenue avenues, seeking approval from the Minister of Finance to do investments were some recommendations made on IGF and its effects on financial performance. Others were that the Government of Ghana (GoG) should continue to pay wages and salaries; the Institution should adhere to the tenets of public procurement; sponsor staff locally; and these will help cut down waste and reduce costs. Keywords: Generation; IGF; Financial Performance; Universities; Kumasi Technical University
These research examining the liquidity, solvency, efficiency, and company size that affect the growth of insurance company earnings. By utilizing multiple linear regression method, these research purposing to test simultaneously and partially the hypothesis of the research. There are some factors investigated in this study that affected company growth of listed insurance companies there are liquidity, solvency, efficiency and company size. The result of the multiple linear regression analysis presents evidence that liquidity, solvency, efficiency, and company size simultaneously affect profit growth of listed insurance companies over the period 2015- 2019. Alongside, partially test resulting each of factors also have affected the profit growth of insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019
Improving the well-being of the employees is the inevitable choice to improve corporate performance and competitive advantage and the social responsibility that enterprises must undertake. Based on the job demands-resources model, this study introduces perceived organizational support and work stress as the mediator and trade union practice as the moderator to explore the double-edged sword effect of a high-performance work system (HPWS) on the well-being of the employee. Taking 243 employees from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui as samples, we found that HPWS positively affects the well-being of the employee through perceived organizational support and negatively affects the well-being of the employee through work stress. Union practices can significantly reduce the positive effect of HPWS on work stress and further weaken the negative effect of HPWS on the well-being of the employee through work stress. The results of this study provide a new way to explain the impact of the HPWS on the well-being of the employees and find that union practice can weaken the negative effects of HPWS. This study provides a new thinking direction for improving the well-being of employees in enterprises.
The study of economic resources in ancestral forests continues to develop in line with the emergence agendas of sustainable development goals. In Indonesia, ancestral forests are undergoing a serious alteration of its functions, leading to deforestation, ecological disasters, infectious diseases and social problems. The purpose of this study was to calculate the total economic value of ancestral forest in Riam Batu Village, Sintang Regency, Indonesia by using the benefit transfer method. This study found the Total Economic Value (TEV) of IDR 2.8 trillion per year or equivalent of US $ 189,672,579.00. The largest composition is Indirect Use Value which is equal to 99.62% of TEV while Direct Use Value shares of 0.37%, and the rest is Non Use Value, 0.03%. The TEV is equivalent to 16% of the total GRDP of Sintang Regency which is amounting to IDR 14.7 trillion in 2019, and is almost equivalent to the total GRDP of the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sub-sector which reached IDR 3.1 trillion. This research succeeded in building novelty in calculating isolated ancestral forest area that has not been much taken into account by decision makers in designing development programs and policies.
This paper focuses on the analysis of the main implications of Basel I and Basel II, based on risk sensitiveness due to credit risk, in Greek Banking System and assesses their effect per portfolio and per Bank in order to evaluate capital charges and to measure credit risk exposure.
As a work in the history of social security, the is still very influential. This article introduces the basic principles of the Beveridge Report and analyzes its historical origins to explain its economic Learn the background and social background, and make judgments about its historical limitations.
Nepotism is a cultural concept that has permeated all societies in history. However, some cultures are more tolerant toward nepotism because care of the family is considered a moral obligation. For example, the United States and Saudi Arabia possess different cultural viewpoints about nepotism. While in the United States, organizations and policy makers are still trying to make sense of how to manage nepotism, in Saudi Arabia it is a common practice part of the culture and lifestyle. However, dealing with the eradication of nepotism in the United States continues to be a challenge because of the existence of considerable number of family businesses; in these, nepotism is often seen as an important factor for the survival of the business. In the meantime, both the United States and Saudi Arabia continue to demonstrate nepotistic practices. This paper has the purpose of presenting causes and consequences of nepotism, theoretical background and definition of the term, and a brief story of modern nepotism, from the medieval times to the twentieth century in Europe and the United States. This paper also presents a comparison of nepotistic practices in the United States and Saudi Arabia and critical views against and in favor of nepotism as social practice.
This study aims to describe and evaluate government policies and strategies in overcoming the problem of poverty. The research method used in this study is the research approach used is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that many poverty alleviation programs carried out by the government have not yet brought significant change. The strategies that have been taken to overcome poverty not only prioritize economic aspects but pay attention to other dimensions to increase capacity and encourage productivity. The strategy chosen was to improve the basic ability of the poor to increase income, involving the poor in the whole process of poverty reduction; empowerment strategy. To support the success of this strategy, it should be done thoroughly, integratedly, across sectors, and adapted to the conditions of Indonesian social diversity.
The competitive edge of the Philippines in the global market has been recorded in the trading history. Its contribution to the economy is notable; however trading is limited to fresh mangoes. Likewise, the continuous decrease of area planted to mangoes contributed to its bounded participation in global value chain. Meanwhile, some countries in Southeast Asia emerged in the industry and further threatened the entrance of Philippine mango in the foreign market. This situation will be altered by strengthening the country’s global competitiveness, gross domestic product and implementing policies on remoteness of the country as the result of integrating gravity model using the fixed effect panel regression.
This paper examines the impact of agriculture, especially coffee, vanilla, and clove exports on economic growth of Madagascar using time series secondary data covering 1990-2017. The study used Johansen co-integration and vector error correction model approach to estimate the long run and short run impact. The results showed that agricultural exports have short run mixed result on economic growth in Madagascar. Coffee and vanilla export has a positive effect on economic growth in the long run and in the short run. Though, clove export has also a positive long run effect on economic growth, it has a negative impact in the short run. These results will help the policy makers and investors in Madagascar for the decision making since results reveal increase export of agriculture can increase in GDP.
The current study aims to investigate the relationship between the behavior of ethical leaders and their continuance organizational commitment, and also to discover the mediational impact of teachers' loyalty on their relationships at the international schools in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study employed a quantitative approach as follows: a formatted questionnaire was distributed to a random sample, of which 372 valid questionnaires were returned to the researchers. In addition to examining the research hypotheses, several statistical methods were used to analyse the compiled data. The study showed that when the supervisor displays positive behaviors and a moral leadership style, this has leverage on the employees’ performance. The study found that there is a statistically important engagement relevance between moral leadership and teachers’ loyalty. Moreover, the study showed that teachers' loyalty facilitated the association between ethical leadership and teachers' continuance commitment toward organization. The current research recommended that it was essential to increase the standard of moral leadership for managers, to positively influence continuance commitment to the organisation, and to enhance teachers' loyalty.
The rapid acceleration of globalization across a multitude of spheres over the past 10 years has fueled increased interest in issues related to cultural diversity. Scholarly research has rarely focused on Saudi Arabia, however. This study has designed to examine the impact of cultural adjustment o tow work related attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment). Data were collected from international faculty members at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia.The results showed that cultural adjustment can predict international faculty members’ organizational commitment and job satisfaction.
Rental movement is an important parameter in real estate investment and can influence the supply of rental accommodations in the property market. This study empirically analyzed the trend in rents and growth rates of five residential property categories comprising tenement room, one room self-contained, room and parlour self-contained, two bedroom flat and three bedroom flat to determine the property with highest trend and growth rate; and whether the growth rates across the five property categories differ significantly in the study area between 2002 and 2017. The study utilized residential properties’ annual rent as primary data. The primary data was collected through questionnaire administered on landlords who rented their properties within the study period and comprised rental values of five residential property categories between 2002 and 2017. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as frequency table, chart, ANOVA and linear regression were used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that annual rental values of all the selected residential properties maintained upward trend over the period studied. Three bedroom flat had the highest trend in rent and highest R2 value (0.89) implying it is the property whose rental values can be most ascertained with each successive year under study. The findings furthermore revealed that the average yearly growth rates of the selected residential properties ranged from 17.01% to 20.83% during the study period with three bedroom flat having the highest growth rate. The ANOVA result however suggested that the mean rental growth rates across the selected residential property categories at 95% confidence level were not significantly different F (4, 70) = 0.345 P = .847 > .05. This study brings to fore the localized rental income levels and the impacts they have on rental growth rates, which is necessary in the process of understanding investment returns in the residential submarket.
