Everybody in this world is a consumer. The heterogeneity among people across the world makes understanding consumer buying behaviour an intricate and challenging task. Every day of our life we are buying and consuming an incredible variety of goods and services. However, we all have different tastes, likes and dislikes and adopt different behaviour patterns while making purchase decisions. Many factors affect how we, as individuals and as societies, live, buy, and consume. External influences such as culture, ethnicity, and social class influence how individual consumers buy and use products, and help explain how groups of consumers behave. The study of culture encompasses all aspects of a society such as its religion, knowledge, language, laws, customs, traditions, music, art, technology, work patterns, products, etc. Culture is an extremely critical and all pervasive influence in our life. The purpose of the study was to aware about the Impact of cultural & environmental influences on consumer behaviour.
AIM: The aim of this study was to assess level of knowledge about prevention and dental trauma management amongst Taekwondo coaches in Karnataka. MATERIAL AND METHODS : A total of sixty registered Taekwondo coaches from Karnataka were included in the study. The study was conducted offline at various taekwondo academies in Bangalore and was also conducted online using google forms.Initial telephone contact with the Taekwondo coaches was followed up by a formal email with the questionnaire. A specific questionnaire which contained fourteen questions about dental trauma and management were distributed among the coaches.The questionnaire was filled and submitted by 21 coaches offline and by 39 coaches online. RESULT : In this study of the sixty coaches who participated in the survey 38(62.7%) had experienced dental trauma. Eight of them had crown fracture, fourteen had crown fracture with bleeding, ten had avulsion, fifteen had tooth luxation, four had other injuries. The study revealed that 47(78.4%) would contact the parents and visit the nearest dentist in case of trauma,7(11.7%) would depend upon parents,5(8.3%) would provide the child a warm drink and contact the parents . Of the study population 50(83.5%) coaches were familiar and recommended the use of the mouthguard and nearly half 29(48.3%) didn’t use the mouthguard. CONCLUSION : The obtained results revealed low knowledge about the prevention of dental trauma among the Taekwondo coaches and insufficient use of mouthguard. KEYS WORDS : Taekwondo,Athletes,Dental trauma
Women have been challenging the existing norms and cultures from time to time which is a sign of empowerment. This is how they have been effectively promoting their well- being. Self Help Groups (SHGs) have encouraged the participation of women in their empowerment both in social and economic aspects. The present study addresses women empowerment through self-help group in village Gangehati district Pratapgarh of Uttar Pradesh. The information required for the study was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Participatory Rural Appraisal Tools were applied to collect the information.
Life has many options, but when it comes to the world of derivatives or trading futures , forwards and options, there are certain points you need to keep in mind. Derivatives are hot property, but if you are looking to break the ice and get acquainted with this trading segment, you have come to the right place. Derivatives markets in most countries are more popular than cash markets on an exchange. But what are derivatives ? Derivatives are increasingly becoming an important tool for risk management. Derivatives contracts help in reducing risk by transferring the risk associated with the underlying asset to the party willing to take that risk. Some of the risks are Credit risk, Liquidity risk and market risk. Derivative is best used as risk management tool by which you can transfer the risk associated with the underlying asset to the party who is willing to take that risk. It is an effort to demonstrate the growth and expansion of financial derivative of NSE in India the time period i,e 2014-2015 to 2016-17.
Food consumption patterns in quick service restaurants in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo Abstract Objective: This research study aimed to explore Congolese consumers’ food consumption patterns in Kinshasa, DRC. The fast food industry is growing in the Congolese capital and understanding consumers is valuable to increase clients’ satisfaction, business development, positive health indicators, and socio cultural acceptance. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of Congolese consumers approached by convenience sampling in Kinshasa. The employed research instruments were structured survey questionnaire, in-depth interviews and direct observations. The quantitative data collected were analysed through the use of SPSS. Results: Findings from this research study first demonstrated that Congolese consumers do have a positive perception of leisure and dining experiences in quick service restaurants in Kinshasa. Food and drinks ordered by the customers are often the most affordable ones on quick service restaurants menus; sandwiches, shawarmas, and/or fried potatoes paired with soft drinks. In terms of culture, foreign foods served in quick service restaurants rarely take into account the eating habits and local culture of the local population. Overall, the whole concept of Western inspired quick service restaurants is gaining in popularity in the Congolese capital, especially among the younger population. Conclusion: Overall, food and drink menus, guests experience, and profitability in quick service restaurants could surely be all enhanced by adjusting parameters to local realities and consumers’ preferences. Keywords: Food consumption, Fast food, Restaurant industry, Africa, Kinshasa, Consumer behaviour
Environmental issues such as air pollution, noise pollution, global warming, water shortage, resource depletion, loss of biodiversity etc. have become dominant today. Extensive research has been done in various parts of the world with the aim to identify the specific antecedents of the pro-environmental behaviour. Historically many psychologist and sociologist have examined the relationship between attitude and behaviour and whether attitude act as an antecedent to the behaviour. Present study tries to find out the relationship between environmental attitude and environmental behaviour, with emphasis on barriers to pro-environmental behaviour. The analysis involves Principal Component Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis undertaken using Amos and SPSS software. The Structure Equation Modelling is used to construct a model explaining the relationship between Attitude, Environmental Behaviour and Barriers. The results indicate the existence of negative relationship between Attitude and Barriers, Attitude and Behaviour and Barriers and Behaviour.
The aim of the present study is to identify the important pressures driving corporate social responsibility practices of companies in India. To achieve the objectives of the study, we conceptualise institutional pressures as a second order hierarchical components model (reflective formative type) and its multiple dimensions as first order reflective constructs forming second-order components. An exploratory study was conducted among top level and middle level CSR professionals of companies in BSE 500 index to empirically validate our constructs. The model has its roots in Scott’s institutional theory as applied to CSR - linking regulative (government and industry association), normative (NGOs and media) and cognitive pressures (local communities and peers) to overall institutional pressure. The responses were collected through a structured questionnaire, and PLS-SEM was used for the purpose of analysis. We found support for measuring institutional pressures of CSR in a reflective-formative type hierarchical component model. Keywords : Institutional theory, Corporate social responsibility, Institutional pressures, PLS-SEM, Hierarchical Component Model.
Abstract The idea of social responsibility of business is based upon the concept that business is something more than a purely economic institution. This study investigates the role of corporate social responsibility on employee’s organizational commitment with the mediating role of organizational justice. The study population was Bank sectors employees operating at Gondar city. The data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire from 153 employees, the study were used proportional stratified sampling and simple random sampling method as sample design. The instrument to measure employee’s perceptions towards CSR actions of corporation was adopted from Turker (2006). It incorporates four dimensions of CSR including such as economical, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibility. Organizational justice was measured by a scale developed by Niehoff and Moorman (1993) it consists three dimensions: distributive justice; procedural justice; and interactional justice Moreover Meye, Allen and Smith (1993) revised Organizational Commitment Scales were used to measure the dependant variable organizational commitment. The multiple Regression and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the data. The major findings of the study were, corporate social responsibility factors significantly predict organizational commitments and organizational justice. Also organization justice has a partial mediating affect between corporate social responsibility and organizational commitment
Military ethos embodies service to the nation. Since the inception of our country, t he Indian Armed Forces have defended the nation through the dedication of its soldiers. The nation is proud of their discipline, integrity, loyalty, patriotism, selfless service, and courage. However, with the changing concept of warfare to network-centric operations, there is a requirement to induct highly professional manpower, the so-called Gen-Y workforce. The present work is aimed at carrying out a reality check of our present value system and assess the fault line. In our attempt to gauge the present state of Ethics and Values in the Armed Forces today, we embarked on an analytical study encompassing, assessment of ‘Organizational Culture’, ‘Ethical Climate’ and along with it an opinion survey of ‘Erosion of Values’. To arrive at the corrective measures, views were also sought on a variety of issues connected with ethical decision making, un-ethical practices commonly observed, ethical temptations which a military leader falls a prey knowingly or unknowingly.
Many developing countries like Ethiopia has weak accounting information system which hamper investment decisions, policy issues and contribute at large to make the entire systems in the countries inefficient. The objective of this study is examining the level of AISs implementation in large and medium scale manufacturing enterprises of Amhara region. For the purpose of this study census sampling method was employed and all large and medium scale manufacturing enterprises of Gondar and Bahirdar cities has been surveyed. Data has been collected from those enterprises through self-administered questionnaire and an in-depth unstructured interview was conducted with key informants about the subject of the study. The Collected data from the questionnaire was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software. The regression and correlations are made to find answers for specific objectives on the basis of the result obtained from the statistical tool. Assuming the dichotomous response to the dependent variable (AISs implementation), binary logistic regression model has been used to identify the factors which influence the implementation of AISs in the study area. The finding of the study reveals that, implementation of AISs in Amhara region large and medium scale manufacturing enterprises is at its lowest level. In addition, factors such as financial capacity, organizational structure, environmental factors and relative advantage of AISs have positive and significant influence over the implementation of AISs while, complexity of AISs is found negatively influencing factor for AISs implementation. The researcher recommends that these factors should be considered by those experts of the enterprises at the time when they decide to implement AISs.
The insurance industry is one of the fastest growing industries in our country. This report investigates the role of Advertising Media in insurance sector and examines that how various media of advertising affects insurance sector. Various media of advertising particularly Information and communications technologies are a device set of technological tools and resources used to communicate people about to disseminate awareness, create interest and to stimulate enroll intentions of insurance. It has enabled countries to leapfrog traditional modes of service delivery and make manifold improvements in process effectiveness and efficiency. Widespread adoption and application of information communication technology across the different fields of society and the economy is presently considered to be the key factor behind boosting competitiveness and developing an informed society. In general, Advertising Media and its tools that people use to share, distribute, information gathering and to communicate with insurance providers, or in groups, through the use of media such as print, visual and interconnected computer networks.
The above research paper looks into women perceptions according to their occupation towards Online Shopping. A questionnaire was designed with a sample size of 100 in suburban Mumbai. Online shopping is the new trend and women shoppers are driving the market. Online shopping has changed the landscape of brick and mortar shops and changed the perceptions of people particularly women. The study covers the aspects of Online Shopping and the spending ability of working-non-working women. In addition, it also covers consumer shopping behaviour and the role of women in shopping. Past Literature was reviewed and it was understood that Women play a major role when it comes to online shopping and are also the main shopper even for their family members. Most of the women who shop online find convenience to be a major motivator. Moreover, consumers who enjoy online shopping are females and hence are been considered to be noteworthy force in the Online shopping industry. The overall goal of the research is to achieve better understanding of consumer shopping behaviour and the role of women in shopping with respective to their occupation. Keywords: Internet, E-Commerce, Online shopping, Gender and Women online shopping
The commune of Sousse, benefiting from a strategic position on the Mediterranean coast. It is characterized by a spatial and demographic dynamic. The effect of its urban extension is reflected in the passage from a compact Medina surrounded by orchards and olive trees to an almost continuous urban area, limited by an industrial zone in the South and a tourist zone in the North. Today, due to this unequal development of its territory, the city of Sousse faces certain threats: The socio-spatial, territorial and ecological disparities between the North and the South constitute a real threat at the level of social cohesion inside the municipality of Sousse. Spontaneous housing and the increased phenomenon of internal migration may increase insecurity in the city. In particular, the aesthetic degradation of the urban landscape and various forms of pollution (atmospheric, sound, visual) also contribute to widening the gap between the citizens of the South and those of the North of the commune. In addition, the municipality of Sousse presents many challenges, in terms of governance and urban planning. We adopt a multidisciplinary approach to place the reflection on urban planning and the living environment of the municipality of Sousse.
With the speedy growth of e-commerce, business organizations are making attempt to attain a competitive advantage through e-commerce to act together with consumers and they realize that the success of their business operations are highly depending on e-service quality. Superior e-service quality helps retailers to attract more number of consumers and make them highly satisfied and loyal. Significant difference exits among service quality of e-commerce and profile of consumers. Significant difference exits among satisfaction towards e-commerce and profile of consumers. Significant difference exits among loyalty towards e-commerce and profile of consumers. Service quality, satisfaction and loyalty of consumers towards e-commerce are positively, significantly and moderately interrelated. To improve service quality, providers of e-commerce should give facilities to consumers for controlling their purchases and they must provide efficient protection mechanisms to avoid hacking and modification of information of consumers in e-commerce platforms. E-commerce providers should have best return policies and cancellation of orders by consumers and they must give complete information about products and services. To enhance satisfaction of consumers, providers of e-commerce should protect personal information of consumes.
In this research article I want to elaborate service marketing and marketing channels. Marketing channels are sets of organizations involved in the process of making products available for use or consumption 2 . Partners with each improvement of the performance system in delivering consumers values. Resources of marketing media perform different type of activities including collecting information about customers, competitors and other involved persons of marketing systems; strong communications systems to stimulate selling; reaching agreement on price and other terms of transaction; providing facilities of transport and storage, brought funds, forecasting the risks of ownership, providing payment and others. Keynotes: Service marketing, marketing channels, consumer and competitors.
Abstract The idea of social responsibility of business is based upon the concept that business is something more than a purely economic institution. This study investigates the role of corporate social responsibility on employee’s organizational commitment with the mediating role of organizational justice. The study population was Bank sectors employees operating at Gondar city. The data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire from 153 employees, the study were used proportional stratified sampling and simple random sampling method as sample design. The instrument to measure employee’s perceptions towards CSR actions of corporation was adopted from Turker (2006). It incorporates four dimensions of CSR including such as economical, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibility. Organizational justice was measured by a scale developed by Niehoff and Moorman (1993) it consists three dimensions: distributive justice; procedural justice; and interactional justice Moreover Meye, Allen and Smith (1993) revised Organizational Commitment Scales were used to measure the dependant variable organizational commitment. The multiple Regression and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the data. The major findings of the study were, corporate social responsibility factors significantly predict organizational commitments and organizational justice. Also organization justice has a partial mediating affect between corporate social responsibility and organizational commitment
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a major driver of economic growth and a source of non-debt finance for the economic development of the country. Government has put in place an investor friendly policy on FDI, under which FDI up to 100%, is permitted on the automatic route in most sectors/ activities. In the recent past, the Government has brought FDI policy reforms in a number of sectors viz. Defence, Construction Development, Insurance, Pension, Other Financial Services, Asset reconstruction Companies, Broadcasting, Civil Aviation, Pharmaceuticals, Trading etc.
Microfinance is one of the basic and most important strategies for paucity of poverty in developing countries. Manny countries have realized this and started financing the people for their upliftment in many ways. The impact of microcredit is a subject of much controversy. Proponents state that it reduces poverty through higher employment and higher incomes. This is expected to lead to improved nutrition and improved education of the borrowers' children. Some argue that microcredit empowers women. However, increasing non-performing loan (bad debt loans) was a reason for provision and other administrative charges and on the other hand drastically reduces the banks income and profitability due to suspension of interest on non- performing loan. This undesirable fact tarnishes the image of the bank and negatively contributes to play its part in the countries development endeavors. Besides, ties the bank’s capital, affects its liquidity position, and reduces its competitiveness locally or in the global market and hence not compatible with a development bank that is expected to play an active and indispensable role by maintaining its sustainability. The current research paper focused on loan repayment behaviour of borrowers and its determinants in the view of loan delinquencies Key Words: Micro Finance, Loan Delinquencies, Paucity of Poverty, etc.
The present has tried to explore Mood States of Gamblers and Smokers.For this data was collected on 200 adolescents :100 females and 100 males.100 respondents in each category ie Gamblers (N=100,B=50,G=50) and Smokers (N=100,B=50,G=50).The design which is used to conceptulalize the study is 4x2 factorial design .8SQ constructed by Curran and Cattle(1976) was utilized to measure the perceived mood states.The results of the present study have suggested that 1.Gamblers were found to score more on Depression, Regression, Guilt and Arousal as compared to Smokers. 2. Males were found to report more Stress and Fatigue as compared to females. Key Words: Mood States,Gamblers and Smokers and Adolescents.
A central point adding to the capacity of organizations to adapt to the turbulent environment is the advancement of job satisfaction and employee well-being. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of gender on the job satisfaction and psychological well-being of the employees working in Indian private sector. Consequently, the relationship between job satisfaction and well-being was explored. A cross-sectional survey-based research design was adopted using data from 160 employees (equal number of males and females) of private sector organizations in North India. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) were administered to gain insight into the levels of job satisfaction and well-being respectively. The results showed that gender did not play a role in determining job satisfaction and psychological well-being in Indian employees. Further, it was seen that job satisfaction and psychological well-being were positively correlated. The study advances the existing work and adds to the limited literature of Indian studies on the relationship between job satisfaction and well-being in the Indian private sector.
