This article describes an inventory model with several attributes. The primary purpose of an economic order quantity (EOQ) model is to select the best alternative in the face of uncertainty and other considerations. Unlike an intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), a hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) has an emergent implication in current decision-making problems. A membership function class is assumed, and a hesitant fuzzy decision matrix with elements that are membership grades is constructed. Using these values, the scores are derived with the help of hesitant fuzzy weighted geometric (HFWG), hesitant fuzzy geometric (HFG), hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric (HFEWG) and hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric (HFEOWG) operators. Finally, a decision is made using the scores of each alternative.
An adaptive fibre-optic interferomety system based on a dynamic hologram recorded in a bismuth titanium oxide crystal is developed and studied. The system possesses a low cutoff frequency (4 mHz), making possible the adaptive detection of ultra-slow physical signals with an amplitude equivalent to fibre elongation of 5 nm.
Service-oriented architecture assures the flexibility of enterprise application development to support agile reactions when businesses change. However, the method of developing a service by combining business and constraints consumes much effort because the entire combination of logic may be changed according to the business rule changes. To improve the current method, this paper applies the aspect-oriented approach to service system development. The rule concern is proposed, and the core and cross cutting concerns of the aspect-oriented approach are included. The rule concern is extracted from business rules included in business processes and services. The rule concern is classified into process rule aspects and service rule aspects according to the level of the rule. In the proposed approach, the system is modularized into core, cross cutting and rule concerns by the separation of concerns, and they are maintained independently. Therefore, the adaptability, reusability, and maintainability of the service system will be enhanced.
We present a numerical analysis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) excitation in a bent metal-coated single mode optical fibre with a low normalized frequency. It is shown that by choosing a proper combination of fibre parameters, such as bend radius and metal film thickness, a direct energy transfer can occur from the fundamental mode, guided by the fibre core, to the surface plasmon wave excited at the metal layer applied to the fibre cladding. The prospects for precision refractive index measurement based on the proposed configuration are discussed, with the spectral sensitivity and resolution estimated at 70 um/refractive index unit and 3⋅10−7, respectively.
The Lightweight Steel Framing (LSF) system has been proposed as an economical and earthquake resistant system. Due to the lightweight nature of LSF structures, the seismic performance of middle-rise buildings has been improved. Currently, various numerical-analytical methods have been proposed for seismic assessment of conventional structures. Providing a perfect seismic Health Safety Environment (HSE) index has always been regarded as one of the analytical passive points. In this research, an LSF building was selected as a case study for Finite Element (FE) modelling, in which non-linear time-history analyses were undertaken. Material properties were defined according to the performed experimental studies. A novel approach was presented for the seismic HSE index of LSF systems using the simultaneous incorporation of the non-linear analysis results and the correction coefficient describing the seismic geotechnical effects. The presented seismic HSE index accurately demonstrates the seismic performance of the LSF structures. Additionally, a two-layer perceptron Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was trained using the results of the FE model, and a non-linear relationship was obtained to predict the seismic damage index. Finally, the proposed seismic HSE index was validated using statistical analyses, indicating that the proposed method does not yield a significant difference compared to the ANN results.
Phytoplankton is the main source of oxygen and the primary link in the food chain for water objects; it plays an important role in their ecological status. In determining the concentration by fluorescence, the effect of parameters of the medium on the fluorescence intensity is not considered. In this paper, the relationship between the fluorescence of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton cells and the water temperature and illumination conditions is theoretically and experimentally proven. An equation is proposed for calculating the coefficient of proportionality, which offers the determination of the chlorophyll a concentration taking into account the parameters of the medium. The use of this coefficient reduces the error of determination of the chlorophyll a concentration by means of the fluorescence method. The distribution of phytoplankton concentration over depth is presented, calculated using a conventional procedure and the coefficient proposed in the paper. The phytoplankton fluorescence was measured using a fiber-optic spectrometer in the water area of Peter the Great Bay in September and October 2013.
This article describes the history of the culture of Nanai shamanism. The object of my work is the development of applied and decorative art handiworks through the culture of Far-Eastern indigenous people, for example of Nanai shamans. When learning the culture of Far-Eastern indigenous people, we have managed to bring in elements of Nanai culture into the design of modern things, such as the dreamcatcher.
An analysis of the effectiveness of the heat pumps installed in the wastewater treatment plants of Vladivostok is presented. A diagram of the urban wastewater heat utilisation apparatus is shown. The primary factors affecting the performance of heat pumps using low-temperature heat sources were identified. The economic evaluation of proposed technological solutions was implemented. The actual conditions of the use of heat pumps on the object were determined in the study. The study considered the technological characteristics of aggregates and the discharge of urban wastewater.
It is difficult to monitor the displacement of large structures accurately in real time for the health monitoring of structures. We studied a laser displacement monitoring system. When the inclination of the structure is negligible, it can achieve real-time monitoring of the horizontal displacement of the structure precisely. The system is composed of a laser transmitter, a receiver board and a camera. The laser transmitter is fixed on the datum plane. Both the camera and the receiver board are fixed on the structure to be monitored. When the structure has horizontal displacement, that camera monitors the position variation of the laser spot on the receiver board. The actual displacement of the structure is obtained through the camera's built-in program. To evaluate the accuracy of the system, we performed two sets of model experiments and obtained the conclusion by comparing the experimental data, determining that our laser displacement monitoring system can monitor horizontal displacement with a high degree of accuracy.
The development of digital PID controllers for adjustable boost DC–DC converters is discussed in this paper. The primary advantages of using digital signal processors over analogue circuits are higher immunity to environmental changes (such as temperature and ageing), increased flexibility by changing the software, more advanced control techniques, and a reduced number of components. Many engineers, scientists, and researchers rely only on the efficiency of MATLAB language to explore designs, but for system implementation, they were forced to translate high-level MATLAB algorithms into the lower-level language of C. Therefore, a type of advanced method of DSP software development is introduced. The Real-Time Workshop toolbox enables exploration and implementation to be brought together in the MATLAB platform. MATLAB is a technical computing language that can automatically generate readable, compact, and fast C code directly from its algorithms, which could be compiled using the Texas Instruments (TI) Code Composer Studio (CCS) I integrated development environment (IDE). With this capability, developers can maintain a single design source and use one language in one development environment from concept to implementation. This model-based development method has a unique value for rapid prototyping.
Holographic gratings formation in polymethylmethacrylate doped with boron difluoride anthraceneacetonates was studied. It was shown, that the time dependence of refractive index (RI) modulation amplitude for recorded holographic gratings demonstrates M-shaped character, with the first (up to 0.5 × 10−4 RI units) and the second (up to 0.2 × 10−4 RI units) maxima of this dependence being caused by photodimerizability and postexposure diffusion of photoactive additive molecules. It was found that the material's resolution determined by competition of diffusion and photochemical processes for recorded gratings is about 1000 lines/mm. However, due to diffusion this value raises with time after the recording process end reaching 2500 lines/mm. It was shown that the optimal exposure time is inversely proportional to the grating spatial frequency and can be reduced by more than an order of magnitude by material heating from 25 °C to 75 °C.
This paper presents the possibility of real-time measurement of the diameter of pectin particles during their jellification using an optical correlation method based on the spatial averaging of data.
A method for the determination of the deformation direction for a fibre-optic deformometer is proposed. The method is based on the two-channel scheme of a fibre-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
The article addresses the modern technological aspects affecting the level of comfort in cruise ships. Much attention is paid to the interior design of a cruise ship. The article raises questions about environmental conservation, energy-saving technologies and alternative energy sources on a cruise ship. Examples of new technologies and design of public spaces and cabins on cruise sailing are presented.
This paper aims to accomplish three objectives while drawing attention to the speed of adapting international management practices in emerging markets. First, we summarize 67 extant review studies on entry-mode/internationalization, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and diversification. Second, a synopsis of 17 theories propounded in different disciplines referring to business organization and management is presented, including the theory of foreign direct investment, market imperfections theory, the theory of transaction cost economics, internalization theory, eclectic paradigm, the Uppsala theory of internationalization, long-purse theory, resource-based-view theory, resource dependence theory, the theory of competitive advantage, organizational learning theory and learning-by-doing, bargaining power theory, information asymmetry theory, agency theory, institutional theory, liability of foreignness, and market efficiency theory. Last, we propose a two-band model both for establishing interdisciplinary research and for promoting more theory-building research in global strategic management. We also recommend a few research arguments for potential exploration in entry-mode, M&A and diversification.
We designed a novel two-dimensional periodic chiral waveguide structure, which can achieve complete TE-TM mode conversion. We study the effect of the relevant parameters of structure on the conversion efficiency and confirm that in a certain range, the mode conversion has a rather high efficiency.
The Efficient Market Hypothesis has been the subject of considerable debate over the past several decades with a recent surge in interest in East Asian markets. This study investigates the East Asian economies, which have experienced massive capital inflows, inviting the question of whether these markets are efficient enough for further investment and development. We endeavour to assess the volatility and business cycle phases, providing a unique aspect in weak form efficiency studies. We focus on Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore and South Korea due to their economic and financial development. Using Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis to study efficiency, we determine first that overall efficiency has improved over the past two decades and second that markets are more efficient in growth phases in comparison to their preceding decline. Our results concur with those reported in the mainstream literature.
Considering the requirements of technical university graduates (communicative readiness, creativity, positive relation to the profession, methods of the technical and economic analysis, etc.), the notion of professional competence, based on the federal educational standards and data from the interviewing industrial employees, is highlighted as one of the professional skills required of a bachelor-degree-holding engineer working in the engineering industries.
Fatigue damage accumulation is an outstanding issue in ocean engineering due to long-term cyclic mechanical behaviours resulting from wind, waves and currents. Fatigue monitoring of offshore truss structures has been limited by the costs and techniques of current strain sensors. Aiming to estimate the unmeasured response of structural members, for which there are no available sensors, this paper proposes a strain response estimation strategy using three types of state-space formulations and a Kalman Filtering (KF) process. A strain modal coordinate based state-space model was developed, especially for large engineering structures. The theoretical approaches were evaluated using the numerical simulations based on deterministic and stochastic excitations. The algorithm can be integrated with the existing fatigue monitoring system as an early warning tool.
According to the actual needs of FBG sensing instruments in terms of intelligent terminals, software for FBG sensing monitoring systems is designed based on the current mainstream Android operating system, which runs on 3G mobile phones. The software is used to remotely access and manage a fibre optic sensing device. The use of the intelligent terminal software will enhance the level of safety monitoring instrument intelligence so that the management of the monitoring system will be more flexible, system maintenance will be more convenient, and the reliability and security of monitoring equipment can also improved; i.e., it provides good value for the optical fibre sensing application.
