Fish Landing Base (PPI) Pulolampes is one of fishing base mini purse seine in Brebes Regency, Central Java Province. Many fishers in Brebes more choosing mini purse seine to fishing than other. The problem is about productivity level of this fishing gear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze many factors which influence weight total catch of mini purse seine and analyzed the productivities. The method apllied is case studies. Sampling method used are simple random sampling. Sampling size determined using Slovin formula and obtained 40 vessels as a sample. The data was analyzed using productivity analysis and factors that influenced catch of mini purse seine using SPSS 22 includes basic assumption test and multiple regression analysis. A hypothesis testing consists of normality, multicollinearity, autocorrelation and heterokedastisitas test. Productivity analysis of mini purse seine by gross tonnage (GT) obtained the value - average levels of productivity of 1.56. Based on F test is known that all independent variable can influence dependent variable significantly (R2 95.30%, α < 0.05). T test analysis obtained results that it is only a variable number of trips (X5) that significantly influence the amount of production by the equation Y = 4.431 + 1.061X5, if there is an addition of a number of arrests trip by 1% with assuming that all variables are fixed, there will be additional fisheries production amounted to 1.061%.
Ronto is a traditional fermented shrimp paste from South Borneo. It is made of shrimp (Acetes sp.) mixed with salt and rice boiled then fermented in closed bottle anaerobic condition. This research is aimed to determined the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of ronto and identify the lactic acid bacteria which is involved. Nine samples of ronto were collected from different districts in South Borneo. The average of salt is 13.08 %, moisture 70.02 %, ash 13.04 %, protein 9.07 %, lipid 0.98 %, and pH 5.30. Total bacteria, total lactic acid bacteria, proteolytic bacteria and halophilic bacteria in all samples were log 3.01 - log 5.36; log 0.77 - log 3.38; log 2.7- log 4.79; and log 3.24 - log 5.3. About 27 lactic acid bacteria were isolated by culture on CaCO3-MRS agar plate. Two isolated ronto were selected, screened and grouped according to phenotypic, physiologic and biochemical characteristics. The representatives of the Lactic Acid Bacteria involved in this fermentation were identified as Pediococcus halophilus [(Mees 1934) Collins et al., 1993] and Pediococcus dextrinicus (Mees 1934).
Access to water and sanitation services in urban India is widespread, but little is known about the levels of service provision, quality of water supplied and equity of coverage. A key challenge in the urban water supply and sanitation sector in India is the lack of adequate and reliable information. This paper describes the journeys of 400 plus cities in two western states of India from a rudimentary paper-based system to an online performance assessment system. It is prepared under the Performance Assessment System (PAS) research project at CEPT University, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. These 400 plus cities are of various sizes, ranging from 5,000 to 5 million population.
This study purposed to determine of different treatments to broke down the cellular matrixs of Spirulina sp. thallus in order to get natural umami flavor which is combination between glutamic and aspartic acids. The treatments applied were are as follow drying, refluxing, sonication and maseration. Spirulina sp. dried powder has the highest yield of glutamic and aspartic acids as a base combination for umami flavour
Softbone milkfish [Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775)] industry as very supportive of the real sector as food and nutrition security for our community. This products was being one of the culinary products of superior value-added competitive and public interest both as a daily product or as souvenirs. The downstream look profitable but viewed from the upstream condition such as land degradation resulted that raw material depends on other regions. This condition was feared could not keep the balance of demand for milkfish. The purpose of the study was aimed to identify the dimensions and attributes that affect the sustainability status of Softbone milkfish industry, analyzed the sustainability index and categorized sustainability status in multidimensional and gave the formulation of management strategies.
With increasing pressures from global changes (urbanization, climate change, etc.), cities in Africa will experience difficulties in efficiently managing water resources. Most of the urbanization in Africa over the next 30 years will occur in fast-growing small towns that lack mature infrastructure. This offers a unique opportunity to implement innovative solutions based on integrated urban water management (IUWM). While IUWM approaches have been widely reported in the literature, their application has been limited. This paper describes the African Water Facility's experience in applying the approach to three projects, in the Seychelles, Zimbabwe and Democratic Republic of Congo, which illustrate the types of challenges faced in different institutional frameworks and contexts (such as islands, a small town and a megacity). The paper identifies the critical issues for improving uptake and scaling up, including strong leadership, the commitment of government and the institutions involved, and a formal programme of capacity building and technical assistance.
Water has a special role in the context of green growth, with important links to economic activity, ecosystem functioning and social well-being. There are three key pillars of planning that can be used to include water in green growth strategies – embracing risk, embracing uncertainty and embracing water allocation reform opportunities. One such method that has engaged these pillars is the natural capital accounting, used by the WAVES programme of the World Bank to look at the role of water use in Botswana and Guatemala. In each case water intensity and value added are separated into key economic sectors, informing policies that more effectively encourage development and sustainable water use. The realization of a green growth agenda necessitates looking at water as a core part of larger scale planning, enabling the effective pursuit of more robust pathways of economic growth and development.
The ambitious drinking water Sustainable Development Goal target of achieving universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030 has been set. How indicators for this target are defined and monitored will be key to ensuring that resources are most effectively deployed to benefit those currently without access to safe drinking water. This paper discusses opportunities and challenges associated with the proposed indicators and suggests that monitoring must move beyond the monitoring and evaluation paradigm and be linked to surveillance systems that can potentially improve operational performance and financial sustainability of water services at a local level.
The research held in Village of Revav, District of South East Maluku, Indonesia were aimed to analyse the marketing of dry abalone produced by fishermen in South East Maluku, and to analyse the value of income margin obtained by the stakeholders such as fishermen, gatherers, and wholesalers. The method used in this research was purposive sampling. Marketing chain of abalone started from the fishermen to the consumers were conducted by gatherers and sold to the wholesalers, further sold in Surabaya and other locations. The profit of fisherman, gatherers, and wholesalers were valued IDR 3 178 000, IDR 2 960 000, IDR 8 073 000, respectively. The values of marketing margin of gatherers was 50% of the purchase price (IDR 200 000 kg–1), while the wholesalers’ valued 58.33% of the purchase price (IDR 350 000 kg–1).
The concentration of Cu in milkfish organs, muscle and liver as well as in water ponds located in Ujung Pangkah, Gresik in April 2015 were investigated. The milkfish in three ponds with different size which were 26 cm (small size), 32 cm (medium size) and 46 cm (large fish) were taken. The liver of mikfish with size 26 cm, 32 cm and 46 cm contained the highest concentration of Cu. Moreover, Bioconcentration Factor of Cu in liver small milkfish (26 cm) was 2 983 which is approximately 100 times higher compare to Biocencentration Factor of Cu in muscle of similar size of fish.
Tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)] is the fresh fish, it generally classified as perishable food. One way to avoid meat quality degradation are cold storage and the addition of bioactive compound in liquid smoke microcapsules. The purpose of this study was to find the effectiveness of adding liquid smoke microcapsulation ratio and to determine the ability of microencapsulated bioactive coconut shell compounds to maintain the tilapia meat quality during cold storage. The preliminary research, adding dextrin 3% in smoke liquid coconut shell get total phenol 0,98% and pH content 4,83. The main research, it applies microencapsulated liquid smoke coconut shell on meat tilapia 0%, 1%, and 1.5% during cold storage and phase 0 d, 3 d, 6 d, 9 d of observation. The test parameters were Total Volatile Base Nitogen (TVBN), Total Plate Count (TPC), pH and Sensory evaluation. The results of the first study were adding dextrin 3% can assist in maintaining phenol content values on 0.98% and pH 4.83. In the second study, the parameters 9 d of observation showed TVBN concentration 0% (37.787 mg · N · g–1), 1% (33.410 mg. N· g–1) and 1.5% (31.070 mg. N· g–1), TPC parameter 0% (7.717 log · CFU · g–1), 1% (6.390 log· CFU· g–1), and 1.5% (6.263 log · CFU · g–1), pH concentration parameter 0% (8.873), 1% (8.383), and 1.5% (8.140). Coconut shell smoke liquid microcapsulated is proven to reduce quality deterioration on fresh fish meat and can be developed as a preservative in food.
Payang is one of fishing gears that is used to catch some kinds of pelagic fish that live in the top layer of the water and tends to run into the bottom layer of the water when it has been covered by the net. The addition of top window on Payang cod end is used for selectivity in order that the fishes with the certain size outside the fishing target can get out through the window when the gear is being operated. The aim of this research was to identify and analyze the composition of fish caught from modified Payang, to find out the number of fish escaped from the square mesh cod end and to analyze the economic aspects (Revenue, Cost, Profit, and R/C Ratio) of common Payang fishing gear without window and modified Payang fishing gear with window. This research used experimental fishing method. The analysis method used were t-test analysis method, percentage breakouts of fish analysis and economic analysis method. The result showed that the fish caught by common Payang fishing gear (18kg) was bigger than the fish caught by modified Payang fishing gear (15kg). The catches was dominated by Trevally Fish. The result of Paired Sample t-test showed that Payang with window modification has no effect towards catch result, because it is more than α (0.396 > 0.05). The level of Trevally fish breakouts square mesh cod end was 48%. The revenue from modified Payang fishing gear was less than the revenue from common Payang fishing gear. The R/C ratio value from both of the fishing business was more than one so they were efficient to be operated continuously.
Humphead wrasse [Cheilinus undulates (Ruppel, 1835)] known as one of the threatened species and had been being classified as Appendix II-type species. Nevertheless, Indonesia has a unique issue for its species, especially in Anambas Islands. Anambas island's fishermen have been successfully developed ranching-like mechanism of humphead wrasse's culture for last five decades, approximately. Against the major opinions, either juvenile or up to ten kilograms humphead wrasse could be found in Anambas fishermen's cages, abundantly. This investigation reported partial control region-mtDNA sequence analysis provided from caudal fin of Anambas humphead wrasse. Sequence comparisons were conducted by using reference reported sequence provided by NCBI genbank. mtDNA analysis resulted among all examined samples collected from Anambas islands shows no significant genetic variation. This concludes that collected Anambas humphead wrasse samples were indicated as one genetic population. Though, dissimilarities of nucleotides and amino acid sites among Anambas humphead wrasse and reference samples were observed significantly different, genetically. This phenomenon indicated that Anambas humphead wrasse possibly belonging specified genetic characteristic compared to humphead wrasse from reference sequence.
This study was intended to figure out the influence of bridle line application on bottom gill net fishing operations. Bridle line length 1 m in order to prevent the lead line and lower net line to directly touch the bottom waters, and to minimize lifting of pieces of coral and by-catch. Lifting pieces of coral could damage bottom habitats and the benthic organisms. The use of bridle line had resulted the gill net to be environmental friendly and cought only the economically important fish. Bottom gill net used in this study had a size of 148.00 m long and 4.70 m wide and mesh size of 13.75cm with net yarn number 18. It was operated outside of the coral reefs zones at the depth range of 20 m to 50 m. The fish catches were demersal and reef fish with minimum size of 25cm body circle or bigger was dominated by dogtooth tuna, Gymnosarda unicolor. The application of 1 m-bridle line can reduce the coral cover up to 98% compared to the other bottom gill net which its lower part have a direct contact with the seabottom. During 10 fishing trips, there was no benthos brought up to the surface at during the net hauling. But new problem was found that the use of bridle line on the gill net had causes fish escape through the bridle line along the bottom net.
Bruguiera gumnorrhiza (“Tancang”) is a mangrove species that their fruit can be utilized as an alternative flour rich of carbohydrate. Extraction reducing tannin conducted with two variable that were solvent temperature 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C and soaking time 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min. The optimal result extraction tannin of mangrove fruit obtained at 80 oC temperature with soaking time 60 min. The resulting mangrove fruit meets the criteria of consumption flour with content of HCN 0.26 mg · L–1 and tannin 4.56 mg · L–1. The maximum content of HCN according to quality requirements in Indonesian National Standards of tapioca is 40 mg · L–1, whereas tannin according to acceptable daily intake is 560 mg · kg–1 · d–1.
This research aimed to study the effect of the cool box insulator material (‘ela sago’ and styrofoam) on the temperature characteristics and the fish quality during chilling preservation. The decrease rate of fish temperature in cool box insulated by styrofoam was 0.13°C · min–1, while the decrease rate of it in cool box insulated by ‘ela sago’ was 0.045°C · min–1. The best quality of fresh fish based on the parameters pH, Total Plat Count, and Total Volatile Base was obtained by the cool box insulated by styrofoam, however, until the end of the preservation treatment, all the fresh fish were still on the good condition.
Research on domestication of Marble Goby [Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker, 1852)] has been conducted from September 2014 until March 2015 at Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Padjadjaran University. The aim of the research is to find out optimum feed rate that produce highest growth. This research used experimental method, there are three treatments feeding living tilapia rates of 2%, 3% and 4%, respectively. Observed parameters are growth rate and water quality. The results showed that the growth rate with feeding rate of 2% to 4% of Marble Goby increase 0.52 g · d–1 to 0.82 g · d–1 at the second month. However, at the third month, its growth rate tends to decrease to be 0.32 g · d–1 to 0.44 g · d–1. Feeding up to 4% is not yet generating the optimum amount of feed to get fish growth maximum. The quality of water i.e temperature, pH and dissolve oxygen are still in optimum range. But the light penetration is below its optimum range.
Health, nutrition and convenience are the major factors driving the global food industry. Fish products have attracted considerable attention as a source of protein, vitamins, minerals, fats and rank third among the food categories with fastest overall growth worldwide. As fish is highly perishable, proper processing and packaging helps in maintaining the quality of fish. Worldwide, an array of preservation techniques are followed, ranging from a simple chilled or ice storage to most recent and advanced high pressure and electromagnetic field application. Present article gives an insight into the recent advancements in the processing and packaging of fishery products.
The objective of this research was to investigate the superior seed for snakeheads was result on the cross-breeding parent of snakeheads from different waters in Central Java. The material used snakeheads size 700g ± 0.05g (female and male) from different water in Central Java. Methods design completely randomized four treatments and three replications, the study in the first place from February 2015 to November 2015. Seed snakeheads caught from waters Rawa pening is crossbreeding caught from waters Segoro anakan (A), then is crossbreeding parent snakeheads from Gajah Mungkur waters (B), crossbreeding parent snakeheads from Rembang rivers (C) and crossbreeding from the parent snakeheads from Ujung Pangkah waters (D), superior seed treatment results from the production was given by pellet 5% / biomass / day. Study to produce snakeheads the size of consumption with the result of rapid growth, moderate and slow proceed anyway analysis of genetic variation genetic code, heterozygote, polymorphism snakeheads consumption size super. The results showed that of the maintenance of improved seed of cross-breeding waters of the Swamp Dizziness cork mated with parent fish caught from Ujung Pangkah (D), which is the highest result (165 337mg) and lowest from waters Segoro anakan A (141.5mg). Next polimorpisame analysis results using a micro-satellite to fish yielding seeds snakeheads on various treatment caught from waters Rawa pening be mated with parent from the waters Segoro anakan of snakeheads (A, band 1,2), the parent snakeheads Gajah Mungkur (B, band 3.4).
Chitosan utilization as a preservative agent for freshly caught fish has been studied intensively during the last ten years in Indonesia, but the effort was concentrated more on ponds-raised fresh water fish. In this paper we report our preliminary results of a study on using chitosan in the form of nanoparticle (nano-chitosan) to improve the shelf life of freshly caught wild young yellowfin tuna (YFT- Thunnus albacares, Bonnaterre 1788). Pharmaceutical grade chitosan was dissolved in 0.2 mM aqueous acetic acid and aqueous ammonium hydroxide was added to reach a certain value of pH at which 1% concentration of nano-chitosan particles was obtained. The YFT samples were immersed for 30 min in aqueous dispersion of nano-chitosan, and incubated afterwards at two different temperature settings (4°C and 28°C). The fish deterioration was measured in terms of Total Volatile Base (TVB) and bacterial Total Plate Count (TPC), with supporting data taken including organoleptic assessment, pH and water content. The nano-chitosan did not seem to decrease the number of bacteria. However, the TVB data indicated that nano-chitosan treatment significantly suppressed the bacteria activity and the effect was more pronounced at 28°C.
