Purpose: To identify nursing students’ perception types of educational service-learning in school health teacher preparation programs.Methods: Q methodology was applied. In-depth interviews with 12 nursing students who completed service-learning and a literature review were used to develop a concourse of 300 statements. A total of 40 Q samples were extracted through expert validation (scale-content validity index/average, S-CVI/Ave=.92). Q sorting involving 43 nursing students using a 9-point forced distribution scale (-4 to +4) was performed. Data were analyzed using PQ Method 2.35 with principal component analysis and varimax rotation.Results: The analysis identified three perception types: “major practice integration seeking” (41.9%), “learner understanding seeking” (32.6%), and “service-learning standardization seeking” (25.6%). These types accounted for 54.5% of total variance (eigenvalues, 2.28~14.79) and were differentiated along two dimensions: learning orientation and operational system preference. Inter-factor correlations (.43~.57) indicated both independence and interconnectedness. All types valued portfolio-based reflection and profession-based social contribution.Conclusion: This study identified three distinct perception types reflecting different professional development priorities. Based on the findings, differentiated educational strategies and standardized guidelines that integrate pedagogical and nursing competencies for prospective school health teachers can be developed.
Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors associated with medical device-related sentinel events in Korean medical institutions and to provide information that can be used to support prevention strategies and institutional improvement.Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data reported to the Korea Patient Safety Reporting & Learning System from 2020 to 2024. Of the 84,263 reported safety incidents, 532 cases related to medical devices were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and binomial logistic regression analysis were performed to identify factors influencing sentinel events.Results: Of the 532 incidents, 46 (8.6%) were sentinel events. The results of the binomial logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of sentinel events were 5.43 times higher in patients in their 70s than in those in their 30s. General hospitals had 76% lower odds of serious medical device accidents compared to hospitals.Conclusion: Patient age and hospital type are factors influencing medical device-related sentinel events. To prevent such events, medical institutions should strengthen professional management and monitoring of elderly patient care, and government support for small hospitals should also be considered.
Purpose: This study aimed to clearly define the concept of nurses’ violence response competency and systematize its structure to provide a theoretical foundation for its application in nursing education and clinical practice.Methods: Using Walker and Avant’s concept analysis method, 24 studies published between 2010 and 2025 were selected from domestic and international databases and analyzed.Results: Violence response competency was identified as a multidimensional concept comprising emotional regulation, situation-specific coping strategies, psychological resilience, and use of organizational support. The antecedents included high-risk work environments, organizational culture, individual factors, and educational or institutional support, whereas the consequences included emotional stability, job satisfaction and organizational commitment, enhancement of professional quality of life, and reinforcement of a safety culture within the organization.Conclusion: The conceptual framework provided by this analysis offers an evidence base for the development of education programs and practical strategies to strengthen nurses’ violence response competency in clinical environments.
Purpose: To examine the relationships among hospice perception, knowledge of advance directives, and attitudes toward advance directives (attitudes) in long-term care (LTC) visiting nurses. The factors influencing their attitudes were also identified.Methods: Data were collected from 164 LTC visiting nurses across South Korea using a structured online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS version 26.0.Results: The mean scores were 71.75±6.39, 8.37±0.85, and 50.21±4.85 for hospice perception, knowledge of advance directives, and attitudes, respectively. Attitudes differed significantly based on age (F=2.84, p=.040). Attitudes were positively correlated with hospice perception (r=.59, p<.001) and knowledge of advance directives (r=.17, p=.027). However, hospice perception and knowledge of advance directives were not correlated (r=.11, p=.150). Furthermore, hospice perception (β=.58, p<.001) was the only factor that significantly influenced attitudes, explaining 34.6% of the variance. Age and knowledge of advance directives were not significant predictors.Conclusion: Hospice perception is the most significant factor influencing visiting nurses’ attitudes toward advance directives. Accordingly, developing awareness-enhancing programs that incorporate professional knowledge and enable the internalization of the philosophy and values of hospice and palliative care is essential. Such initiatives will ultimately improve the quality of community-based end-of-life care provided by visiting nurses.
Purpose: This study analyzed the dominant themes and media frames in Korean newspaper coverage of elder abuse to examine how such representations shape social discourse, with implications for nursing practice, education, and policy.Methods: A total of 812 articles published between January 2021 and December 2025 were collected from 12 national daily newspapers using the BIGKinds. Keyword trends, semantic networks, and related-word analyses were conducted, and latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling was applied to identify latent thematic structures.Results: Six major topics were identified: (1) violence in long-term care facilities; (2) abuse reporting and protective agency responses; (3) prevention and human rights protection; (4) criminal investigations based on video evidence; (5) operational and management issues in long-term care facilities; and (6) crimes targeting older adults. News coverage peaked in 2021~2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic and concentrated on “Elder Abuse Prevention Day” in June. Reporting remained reactive and event-driven, with limited attention being paid to structural causes and preventive approaches.Conclusion: Korean elder abuse coverage prioritizes punitive, post-incident responses over prevention, reducing complex social issues to individual deviance. A shift toward structural and preventive media framing is needed, along with integrated protection systems. Nurses, as frontline professionals in early detection and advocacy, should be supported through nursing education focused on abuse recognition, simulation-based training, and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Purpose: To explore the expanded roles and positive contributions of nurses during a medical doctors’ strike in 2024~2025, focusing on how they sustained patient care in a tertiary hospital and deriving educational implications for preparing nurses for the future.Methods: Data were collected through in-depth, face-to-face interviews with 17 nurses, including advanced practice and specialized nurses, from July 22, 2024 to March 21, 2025. Colaizzi’s phenomenological method was used for the data analysis.Results: During the strike, advanced practice nurses primarily assumed responsibilities typically performed by medical residents, whereas specialized nurses mainly undertook the tasks of medical interns, including medical procedures, critical patient care, and medical documentation. Three major themes emerged: (1) perceived improvement in patient care through nurses’ clinical expertise, (2) perceived enhancement of patients’ and caregivers’ experiences through personalized and emotional care, and (3) perceived optimization of care workflows through documentation practices. These experiential findings highlight the need for structured educational preparations to support nurses who assume expanded roles in crisis contexts.Conclusion: Nurses in expanded roles are crucial for maintaining patient safety and quality of care during medical doctors’ strikes. These findings highlight the need to formalize the scope of practice and prepare nurses for role expansion through nursing education. Competency-based curricula and continuing education should prioritize advanced clinical decision-making, high-risk procedures, documentation competence, and interprofessional communication. Establishing standardized protocols, clear role definitions, and organizational support systems is essential for ensuring safe and sustainable role expansion in future crises.
Purpose: This study aimed to translate the Young Parent Stigma Scale (YPSS) developed by Rice and colleagues into Korean and examine the validity and reliability of the Korean version (YPSS-K) among young parents in Korea.Methods: A methodological design was used. The YPSS was translated into Korean following the World Health Organization’s translation and adaptation guidelines, and content validity was evaluated by five nursing professors. Data were collected between March and April 2024 from 245 parents aged 24 years or younger. Construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and item-level convergent validity, item-level discriminant validity, and known-group validity were also examined. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients.Results: The CFA confirmed a four-factor structure with 21 items, demonstrating acceptable model fit (χ2/df=2.84, CFI=.92, TLI=.90, IFI=.92, SRMR=.09, RMSEA=.09). Convergent validity was supported, with average variance extracted values ranging from .52 to .67 and construct reliability values from .79 to .95. Discriminant validity was established using the Fornell–Larcker criterion. Known-group validity was confirmed by significant differences in stigma scores across income levels (Welch’s F=9.47, p<.001). Cronbach’s alpha for the total scale was .81, and the subscale values ranged from .74 to .95.Conclusion: The YPSS-K demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability, confirming its potential for systematically measuring the multidimensional stigma experiences of young parents in Korea. This instrument can serve as a foundation for developing targeted interventions and policies to reduce stigma toward young parents.
Purpose: This pilot study aimed to develop a procedural performance-oriented back-table setting simulation program and to preliminarily evaluate its effects on knowledge, self-efficacy, and procedural accuracy among undergraduate nursing students.Methods: A pilot quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest time-lag design was conducted with third-year nursing students at a university. A total of 54 students were assigned to either the experimental group (n=27) or the control group (n=27). The experimental group participated in the simulation program, whereas the control group received conventional didactic operating room safety education. Data were collected at baseline and one week after the intervention. Knowledge and self-efficacy were measured using researcher-developed questionnaires, and procedural accuracy was assessed by two independent raters using a structured checklist. Analysis of covariance was performed to examine group differences while controlling for baseline scores.Results: After adjusting for baseline differences, no significant difference was found in post-intervention knowledge scores (F=0.28, p=.596). However, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher self-efficacy (F=75.92, p<.001, partial η²=.60) and procedural accuracy (F=150.66, p<.001, partial η²=.75).Conclusion: A procedural performance-oriented simulation program may be more effective in improving performance-related outcomes than declarative knowledge in perioperative nursing education.
Purpose: This study explored undergraduate nursing students’ learning experiences with a mixed reality-based (MR-based) simulation using HoloPatient. It focused on a complex older adult scenario involving acute ischemic stroke.Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was employed. Ten second-year undergraduate nursing students who participated in an MR-based simulation integrated into a health-assessment course were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected via two semi-structured focus-group interviews and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis.Results: Two overarching themes and six subthemes were identified. Students reported that the immersive MR-based simulation enhanced clinical observation and supported the integration of multiple clinical cues, promoting a deeper understanding of geriatric stroke care, including multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and social context. Engagement with this complex scenario facilitated the anticipation of changes in patient condition and contributed to the development of early clinical reasoning and situational awareness. However, challenges were noted, including limited interactivity, insufficient environmental realism, unfamiliarity with MR technology, and inequitable access to devices.Conclusion: The MR-based simulation using a complex older adult stroke scenario demonstrated educational value in enhancing clinical observation, fostering a holistic understanding of geriatric care, and supporting the development of early clinical reasoning among undergraduate nursing students. To optimize the effectiveness of the MR-based simulation, improvements in instructional design, environmental fidelity, and equitable access are required. Future research should examine the impact of repeated exposure and structured instructional strategies on learning outcomes in undergraduate gerontological nursing education.
Purpose: To explore the relationships and pathways among ethical decision-making confidence and its influencing factors in nursing students approaching graduation and preparing to transition into clinical practice.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire administered from November 3 to December 15, 2025. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Scheffé post-hoc tests, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients. We performed mediation analysis using the PROCESS Macro program Model 4 with bootstrapping and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Ethical values significantly influenced nursing professional values (β =.46, p<.001), and the latter had a significant effect on ethical decision-making confidence (β=.30, p<.001). A statistically significant direct and total effect of ethical values on ethical decision-making confidence (β=.26, p=.001 and β=.40, p<.001, respectively) was observed. The indirect effect of ethical values on ethical decision-making confidence mediated by nursing professional values was also significant (β=.07, 95% CI=0.03~0.12).Conclusion: To enhance nursing students’ ethical decision-making confidence, individual strategies should focus on fostering ethical values and internalizing nursing professional values. More importantly, an integrated educational approach that combines these elements is essential. Given that both ethical and nursing professional values differed by satisfaction with clinical practice, ethics education that is integrated into the clinical practicum context needs to be designed and implemented.
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the influence of occupational stress and grit on the organizational commitment of clinical nurses.Methods: The participants were clinical nurses who directly provide nursing care at general hospitals. The data were collected from September 18 to October 13, 2023, and analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regressions.Results: Clinical nurses’ organizational commitment had a statistically significant negative correlation with occupational stress and a statistically significant positive correlation with grit. Clinical nurses’ occupational stress had a statistically significant negative correlation with grit. The factors influencing the organizational commitment of clinical nurses were grit, marital status, and occupational stress, showing 44.1% explanatory power.Conclusion: Organizational commitment among clinical nurses can be enhanced by developing and implementing an integrated training program to reduce occupational stress and strengthen grit. Additionally, grit training, which can be strengthened through long-term, continuous training, should be implemented from the nursing education process.
Purpose: This study examined the environmental, intrapersonal, and interpersonal factors associated with executive function difficulties among Korean adolescents and identified key predictors using data from the 15th wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted using weighted data from 1,277 adolescents aged 14 years. Descriptive statistics were used to assess participants’ characteristics; independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to examine differences in executive function difficulties by sex, socioeconomic status, and physical activity level; Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine relationships among variables; and multiple regression identified factors influencing executive function difficulties.Results: Executive function difficulties were significantly correlated with depression (r=.43), self-esteem (r= -.33), parent-child communication (r= -.26), and peer attachment (r= -.24) (all p<.001). Regression analysis showed that depression (β=.33), self-esteem (β= -.12), parent-child communication (β= -.06), and peer attachment (β= -.06) were significant predictors (all p<.001). Socioeconomic status and physical activity were statistically significant but had minimal practical influence. The model explained 21.2% of the variance.Conclusion: Executive function difficulties in adolescents were primarily influenced by emotional and relational factors. These findings highlight the need for nursing and nursing education interventions that strengthen emotional regulation, enhance self-esteem, support positive parent–child communication, and promote healthy peer relationships to improve executive function development during adolescence.
Purpose: Forming a patient safety culture is the first step in addressing patient safety issues. This study therefore examines the patient safety culture among healthcare professionals in South Korea. It also identifies the factors influencing patient safety culture and related activities. Methods: Among the survey studies conducted in South Korea, we reviewed those that measured patient safety culture using the Korean version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 1.0. We identified the level of patient safety culture, the relationship between patient safety culture and patient safety activities, and the factors affecting patient safety culture. Results: A total of 640 studies were identified through searches of seven domestic and international databases, with 58 included in the analysis. Studies targeting nurses accounted for 96.6%. The general characteristics of patient safety culture included length of service, age, working hours, department of work, hospital size, conflict occurrence, unreported incidents, and subjective safety management evaluations. A statistically significant correlation between patient safety culture and patient safety activities was confirmed in 84.5% of studies. Patient safety culture was the most frequently reported factor influencing patient safety activities. Conclusion: Strategies to enhance patient safety culture can promote patient safety activities in South Korean healthcare institutions. Considering organizational and organizational members characteristics when devising these strategies can enhance their effectiveness.
Purpose: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal role support interventions on pregnant adolescents, focusing on exclusive breastfeeding, postpartum depression, parenting environment, and child development. The study sought to inform the development of targeted support programs for adolescent mothers. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from January 2014 to July 2024 that were sourced from MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, RISS, and KISS. Twelve studies involving 4,991 adolescent participants were included. They measured outcomes such as exclusive breastfeeding, postpartum depression (EPDS scores), parenting environment quality (HOME-IT scores), and child development (BSID-III scores). The data were extracted independently and analyzed for pooled effects, with evidence certainty assessed via GRADE. Results: The review found that maternal role support interventions improved breastfeeding knowledge in adolescent mothers but did not significantly increase exclusive breastfeeding rates. Interventions involving family support and professional counseling effectively reduced postpartum depression with sustained effects. Positive changes were also observed in parenting environment factors such as home organization and learning materials. Minor improvements in children’s cognitive and language development were noted, though these were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Maternal role support interventions enhance breastfeeding knowledge, reduce postpartum depression, and improve certain aspects of the home environment for adolescent mothers. However, exclusive breastfeeding rates and child developmental gains require additional multifaceted support. Future interventions should incorporate comprehensive tailored approaches involving family and professional support to address the complex needs of adolescent mothers and their children.
Purpose: This study examined gender differences in adolescent sexual experience and associated factors following the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Secondary data from 104,718 participants in the 2022 and 2023 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were analyzed using frequency analysis, χ² tests, complex sample general linear models, t-tests, and logistic regression. Results: gender differences appeared in household economic status, academic achievement, smartphone usage time, suicidal ideation, and loneliness. Males in the high household economic status group were 1.40 times more likely to exhibit sexual experience than the middle group (95% CI, 1.28~1.53, p<.001), while females in the low household economic status group were 1.51 times more likely (95% CI, 1.32~1.72, p<.001). Similarly, males in the high academic achievement group were 1.13 times more likely to have sexual experience (95% CI, 1.02~1.26, p=.025), whereas females in the low academic achievement group were 1.17 times more likely (95% CI, 1.03~1.33, p=.013). Males who used their smartphones for 200 minutes or more on weekdays had a 1.15 times higher likelihood of sexual experience (95% CI, 1.04~1.26, p=.005). However, females showed a significant association only with weekend smartphone usage time of 400 minutes or more (95% CI, 1.07~1.36, p=.003). Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with sexual experience in males (1.19 times, 95% CI, 1.04~1.36, p=.012), Meanwhile, sexual experience was significantly associated with moderate (1.24 times, 95% CI, 1.09~1.41, p=.001) and high levels of loneliness in females (1.47 times, 95% CI, 1.25~1.74, p<.001). Conclusion: Gender-specific health policies and tailored sexual education programs are needed.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the influence of career crafting and satisfaction on clinical nurses’ career commitment. Methods: In total, 166 nurses participated in the descriptive survey. Questionnaires were used to measure career crafting, satisfaction, and commitment. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: A positive correlation was found among clinical nurses’ career crafting, satisfaction, and commitment. Career crafting and satisfaction had a statistically significant positive effect on career commitment. Among the general characteristics, the age group 40 years or older had a positive effect compared to other age group. Conclusion: As the positive influence of career crafting and satisfaction on clinical nurses’ career commitment has been confirmed, strategies should be devised to enhance nurses’ career crafting capacity, enabling them to establish personalized career roadmaps and proactively manage and develop their careers. Furthermore, nurses’ commitment to their careers must be strengthened by improving their career satisfaction.
Purpose: This scoping review aimed to analyze research trends and the effectiveness of social and emotional learning (SEL) programs for college students and adults to provide foundational data for developing effective SEL programs for nursing students. Methods: Following Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework, we systematically searched 11 databases, including RISS, DBpia, KISS, National Assembly Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, ERIC, Ovid, Embase, and PsycINFO, for studies published between 2014 and 2024. We selected studies based on predefined inclusion criteria focusing on SEL programs for college students and adults. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full texts, and included 16 studies in the final analysis. Results: Analysis showed that research on SEL programs has increased steadily since 2020, with 75.0% of studies conducted internationally. Most programs (37.5%) were mindfulness-based interventions delivered through face-to-face instruction, with program durations ranging from 4~80 hours across 3~31 sessions. Key outcomes showed significant improvements in emotional regulation (75.0% of studies), self-efficacy (56.3%), and mindfulness (43.8%). Educational methods predominantly used discussion (81.3%), role-playing (68.8%), and feedback (62.5%). Programs showed particular effectiveness in enhancing emotional awareness, social skills, and interpersonal competence. Conclusion: This scoping review provides comprehensive evidence supporting the effectiveness of SEL programs in improving emotional and social competencies among college students and adults. The findings suggest that incorporating mindfulness-based approaches and interactive teaching methods may be particularly beneficial. These insights can inform the development of tailored SEL programs for nursing students, though further research using more rigorous experimental designs is recommended.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of self-acceptance on the relationship between empathy and interpersonal competence in nursing students. Methods: This study employed a descriptive design. The participants were 157 university nursing students from three universities located in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Data were collected from October 2 to 27, 2024, using online self-reported questionnaires. Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were used for analysis. The mediating effect was analyzed using model No. 4 with a bootstrapping method of the PROCESS macro version 4.2 in IBM SPSS 28.0. Results: There were significant positive correlations among empathy, self-acceptance, and interpersonal competence. Empathy had significant effects on self-acceptance (β=.60, p<.001) and interpersonal competence (β=.57, p<.001), and self-acceptance had a significant effect on interpersonal competence (β=.67, p<.001). Regarding the influence of empathy on interpersonal competence, a significant indirect mediating effect of self-acceptance was confirmed, and the size of the indirect effect was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.34~0.61). Conclusion: Self-acceptance had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between empathy and interpersonal competence. Therefore, to improve the interpersonal competence of nursing students, research is needed on the development and effectiveness of educational programs that include self-acceptance.
Purpose: This study analyzes A Text-Book for Korean Nurses from Practical Nursing (1925, 1930, hereafter the Text-Book) as adapted and translated from Practical Nursing (1914). It examines its content, the trends in American nursing education during the publication of Practical Nursing, and the background and process of its publication. The study aimed to explore the changes in and significance of missionary nursing to enhance our understanding of nursing during Japanese colonial period. Methods: Utilizing historical research, this study examines volumes I and II of the Text-Book and explores the differences between Practical Nursing and the Text-Book, its publication background. Results: The Text-Book was adapted and translated by The Association of Occidental Graduate Nurses in Korea from Practical Nursing by Maxwell and Pope, which played a crucial role in standardizing American nursing education and enhancing professionalism. The original 27 chapters were rearranged into two volumes based on their relative importance: Volume I comprises seven chapters, and volume II comprises 10. Used in missionary nursing schools, it addressed practical situations for Korean nurses by clearly defining their nursing activities and roles. Conclusion: It represents a collective effort by Westerners and Koreans, serving not only as a textbook related to coursework in missionary schools but also significantly contributing to standardizing nursing duties. However, Western missionary nurses did not recognize Korean nurses as equals, excluding them from the publication process and maintained no relations with non-missionary institutions. These findings highlight the limitations of missionary nursing during the Japanese colonial period.
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the influence of a multicultural education program applying design thinking on the cross-cultural communication skills, cultural empathy, and cultural competency of nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest experimental design was adopted. We administered online questionnaires from March 9 to June 15, 2023, to 43 nursing students from the cities of Changwon and Gangneung. We used descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, chi-square tests, and repeated measures ANOVA to analyze the data with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 28.0 software. Results: We observed significant differences between the two groups after applying the multicultural education program. All variables showed significant differences before and after the multicultural education program between the experimental and control groups: cross-cultural communication skills (F=12.68, p<.001), cultural empathy (F=5.05, p=.030), and cultural competency (F=4.74, p=.035), indicating an interaction effect between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: The multicultural education program applying design thinking was effective in improving the cross-cultural communication skills, cultural empathy, and cultural competency of the nursing students. Therefore, the program developed in this study may be used to enhance the quality of nursing care provided to individuals from multicultural backgrounds.
