Operating characteristics of metals with coatings made by different methods are often determined by the structure of transition zone from coating to the base. This problem is of significant importance in welding and welding deposition of steels possessing different structural classes as intermediate layer of mated between each other deformed austenite and ferrite grating is formed in the zone of alloying. The authors investigated the structure and phase composition of coating based on steel Cr20AG20 obtained by electron-ray welding deposition however alloying zone was not practically investigated in so doing. The task of studying alloying zone seems to be more actual as it is just this zone determines advesive properties of coating and consequently article working capacity on the whole.
According to (A.A. Tatarnikov and L.V. Burtelov, 2002) processing rubber mixtures in spite of their belonging to pseudoplastic mediums differs markedly from polymer melt processing. This difference lies in that the length of threaded part of the worm may be divided into three zones: pressure zone, buffer zone and supply zone. In pressure zone the worm is completely filled with the processed material. Supply zone is determined by geometrical dimensions of the funnel for material supply. Buffer zone is a transition zone between supply and pressure zones. Buffer zone changes its length depending on the length of pressure zone. Due to the fact that some part of worm channel may be filled partially with the processed material (the length of buffer zone) a single-worm machine Q m productivity does not depend on material pressure in the head P h (A.A. Tatarnikov and L.V. Burtelov, 2002).
Energy consumption duties and compatibility of electric energy quality indices with the established requirements in distribution electric networks of compressor stations of the gas complex investigation is discussed in this paper.
A process for forming heat generating multilayer window glass coatings using the vacuum ion-plasma technique is considered. Layers of titanium dioxide, titanium carbonitride /Cu, or stainless steel were deposited on glass, previously cleaned in a glow discharge. The heat output of the films reaches 300 W/m2 for the sun height over the horizon of 30 degrees, the film adhesion being 30 kg/cm2.
Manufacturing details of any ferrous and non- ferrous alloys of complicated configuration possessing high quality is possible by casting according to smelted models (CSM).During the process of casting by smelted models with crystallization under pressure (CSMCP) filling cold CP is made at constant thermal conditions and hydrodynamic parameters for each detail. In the present paper the results of experimental investigations concerning substituting stamped blanks of steel 10Ch18N10T for casted ones by smelted models with crystallization under pressure from steel 12Ch18N9TL and 10Ch18N11BL are given.
Behavior of caesium-137 as a artificial radionuclide in an environment represents interest for an estimation of radioactive pollution of areas. Collecting in various compartments of ecosystem, radionuclide creates additional doze on the population living in polluted territory. It is important to know in what degree caesium is fixed by organic-mineral substances of soil that limits its receipt on food chains in an human organism. The predict of behavior of caesium-137 in soils function of granulometry allows estimating radioecological situation in observed areas and developing recommendations on effective depollution of soil.
Spreading of new technologies, constantly increasing role of technologies and technological progress, its influence on an individual personality in the field of science as well as in the sphere of ordinary consciousness has positive and negative sides, therefore the said above problem is becoming more and more of current importance nowadays. To clarify the lacks in the field of the given problem, it is necessary to turn to the conceptions ldquotechnical innovationsrdquo and ldquomentalityrdquo and to open their essence. The conception ldquoinnovations of techniquesrdquo means the achievements of scientists in the field of high technologies, which find an application in scientific spheres, in public life and on the governmental level (general computerization, space technology). There exist many definitions of mentality, let's take into consideration the most common ones: 1.) Mentality is the steady type of mind that has a system character that affects all sides of life. 2.) Mentality is everyday cast of mind of the collective consciousness of people. 3.) Mentality isn't something, imposing on a person on, but it is manifestation of originality, peace feeling, peace-attitude of society and person. From the said above it is possible to make the conclusion that mentality is psychic features of people and spiritual beginning of the very conservative character, changing a little in time. That's why technical innovations, made artificially and being changed during insignificant period and affecting the culture of people, have the result of partly or full their unacceptable by the socium in the whole. It is obvious, that accelerating process of innovation results in changing of the conditions of the vital space, environment of inhabit, that is: the conditions of work, the values of life and orients of life are changed.
The aim of the present work is finding nitrogen saturation peculiarities of technically pure titanium BT1-0 in glow discharge at low pressures, studying the process forming nitration layer depending on sample temperature and discharge parameters, investigating the layer structure and its phase composition. Profiles of microhardness of nitrating titanium BT1-0 at different temperature are determined.
Flow interaction of thermal carriers with heat exchange surface is characteristic for simultaneous proceeding processes of heat and impulse transfer at viscous interaction with the surface and eddy formation. These processes are physically connected between each other as they have a common power carrier towards the normal to the surface. Simultaneousness and different directionality of these processes on heat exchange surface create a competitive situation between thermal voltage of unit Q, W, power consumption for pumping heat carries N, W: the first one increases approximately proportionally to the heat carrier rate, the second one increases proportionally to the rate cubed. If one neglects technical limitations the efficiency increase of heat exchange units operation requires intensification of the processes with respect to Q and intensity decrease concerning N. These reasonings should be also mapped for determination of operation efficiency of heat exchange units under alternating operation duty. It is of great importance for heat exchange units of regenerating type.
It was proposed to increase the number of diagnostic functions performed by automatic system of current diagnostics from two up to nine ones. Algorithms of diagnostic functions data and generalized algorithm of operation system of diagnosing technical condition of mechanical and electrical equipment of an electric drive of the tapped roller bed of the rolling mill have been elaborated and proposed for promotion.
The object of investigation is Central Station of oil accumulation (CSA-2) of Urengoi oil, gas and condensate deposit (OGCD) designed for accumulating and preparing for transportation oil and passing gas of oil edges as well as for transport, storage and account of oil entering from SPS and CSA-1. The aim of investigation is elaboration of automated system of production process at CSA-2 applying programming logical controller SLC-500.
The aim of the research is receiving power characteristics of the induction motor with the help of mathematical model providing energy saving when changing the core length and also the analysis of the obtained characteristics. The implementation of this technique - increase of the core length - is the trend of energy saving which can be rapidly carried out with the least expenses for introduction as the same press tools for manufacturing of rotor and stator cores are used.
In this work. the photocatalytically active thin TiO2 films were produced by deposition of TiO2 by electrophoresis onto a transparent conducting electrode substrate. In order to avoid the filtration step of suspended particles after water treatment, TiO2 can be immobilized onto inert support material (Mills et al., 1999). The SnO2 or ITO (indium and tin oxides) - coated glass plate we used as a conducting support. The thin films were used to study the photoelectrochemical degradation of oxalic acid under near UV light irradiation. Degradation was monitored as CO2 formation accounted for up to 100% of the total organic carbon degradation for medium starting concentration. Incident-photo-to-current conversion efficiency, quantum yield as well as Faradaic efficiencies were calculated for the degradation experiment.
This article presents a study on the interaction of optical radiation with biological tissues applied to diagnosis and treatment of gullet diseases. Effects of esophageal tissue on ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) radiation are discussed.
Mechanical condition of working surfaces of collectors and slip rings is one of the most important integral indices characterizing electrical machine quality, their separate units and parts. At collector profile impairment in the shape of projecting and sinking down separate collector segments and their groups, faulty performance of operating collector surfaces and collector rings from cylindrical shape, improper rotor balancing, in perfection of bearings and bearing shields the level of brush sparking increases, electrical machine reliability decreases on the whole. For solving the problems of experimental profilemetric investigations of collectors and collector rings as well as the record of linear microdisplacing electric machine brushes in brush-holder pits in the process of operation diagnostic system has been elaborated.
The problem of regressive experiment planning from the standpoint of knowledge derivation about the type of regressive model is considered. In the literature on experiment planning there are some articles where the hypotheses discrimination methods and methods of discriminating experiments planning are given. In the given article accent is raised as to the problem of "interesting" hypotheses shaping from the standpoint of an experimenter. It has been shown that many "interesting" hypotheses constitute a certain extremal basis in the domain of hypotheses which is considered to be the dual solution to the extremal basis incorporating the points of the experiment optimal plan.
Analysis of experimental data showed that at design of gear according to standard methods one observes significant wear in edge area (edge effect). Decreasing edge effect may be realized by finite elements method (FEM). For simulating interaction process and obtaining accurate solution in FEM accurate geometrical model is necessary. Gears were taken for investigation as the most spread driving mechanism in particular cylindrical straight-toothed ones with external and internal gearing. The aim of investigation is to develop simulation model allowing to evaluate adequacy degree of existing calculation methods of gear profile simulation in modern CALS mediums. Gear model has been obtained in medium SolidWorks by simulating its mechanical processing. The detail distinctly shows the facets, each of them is formed by cutting instrument pass. It is evident the number of profile facets depends on kinematic characteristics of tooth-cutting equipment. In so doing it is required to minimize its faceting in order to achieve the given detail accuracy.
This work is devoted to elaboration and practical application of analysis methods of thin structure of complex vibrational-rotation spectra of multiatomic molecules under highly excited vibrational conditions as applied to the conditions of actual modern experiment. Elaborated common methods and approaches will be tested based on the analysis of actual originally registered spectra of high resolution of deuterium- derivative molecules PH2D, PHD2.
Modern systems of electric supply (SES) of space aircrafts make up a complicated complex of energy sources of transforming distributed devices united as the system of automatic control designed to supply board loads. On the whole the load is divided into two main components, i.e. 1 service load (objective system); 2 auxiliary systems providing the work of the objective system and named as a platform.
