Satellite imagery is one of the wide areas in segmentation. They are used for Analysis of the different elements of the landscapes such as cropland, bare land, forests, flooded areas, assists in vegetation, disease detection, facilitates monitoring of deforestation and desertification, as well as the evolution of infrastructure in inhabited areas or the sea ice. In this paper, we propose an image segmentation method based on Markov random field model and Gibbs distributions, we introduce iterative algorithm process to minimize an energy function.
The adaptation of the Computing Environment for Human Learning allows adapting the process of learning to needs, to rhythms of every learner, to styles of learning and to preferences, but they do not guarantee an individualized real time follow-up, by favoring the learning of a domain of the acquisition of the knowledge by a learner.One of the objectives of the systems based on the acquisition of the knowledge is to build computer systems allowing the sharing and the re-use of the past experiences, to ensure personalized learning in real-time, by basing on the profile and the rhythm of learning of every learner. The approach of Case-Based Reasoning seems to be a good candidate for the sharing and the re-use of the experience. In this article, we are going to present our architecture of a System of Adaptive Learning by using a Dynamic Case Based Reasoning and the traces of interactions of the learner with the learning system as the support of reasoning.
SDN revolutionized networks by decoupling the control plane from the data plane and by introducing programmability and flexibility into the network. With this new paradigm, a new network entity appeared to be the most important in the SDN architecture since it allows setting the policies of the network this entity is the Network Operating System also called controller. In this paper we compare and evaluate new and different controllers to select the most fitting in term of performance.
In this paper, a new multiband planar fractal antenna array based on an elliptic geometry is presented. the antenna array is composed by four antenna elements fed with parallel method. The simulated -10 dB return loss bandwidths are (1.7 - 1.92) GHz, (2.4 - 2.51) GHz and (5.7 - 6) GHz that cover DCS (Digital Communication System) 1.8 GHz, ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands. The antenna array gain is around 8 dBi for the first band, 10 dBi for the second and 12 dBi for the last one. The radiation pattern is approximately the same in the three validated bands. The final structure is designed over an FR4 substrate with 200 x 50 mm2 as dimensions.
In this paper a depicted survey of a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) printed antenna achieved by using the Sierpinski Gasket as fractal geometry in the radiator which is taken as circular shape, the iterations has been performed three times in order to improve the matching of Input Impedance at 50 Ω in the Ultra-wide band (UWB), which is the frequency range 3.1-10.4 GHz released by the Federal Communications commission (FCC). The electromagnetics solvers CST of Microwave Studio have been used to design the proposed antenna by the methods of optimization included in the software tool and to compute the coefficient of reflection and the gain radiation pattern. The FR4 has been chosen as substrate to simulate the printed antenna with an overall dimension of 34 x 43 mm2.
In this paper, the impact of associating Split Ring Resonator (SRR) cells with meander dipole antenna is investigated. The antenna loaded with SRRs exhibits a shifting down of the resonance frequency from 1.97 GHz to 0.866 GHz, a broadband width of 11.16% ranging from 0.830GHz to 0.933 GHz and realized gain about 4.44 dB. The volume size is 0.17λ x0.17λ x0.023λ. Hence, the SRR cells are a good candidate for miniaturization. The simulation was performed in 3D EM simulation of high-frequency components CST.
This paper proposes a new compact and miniature coplanar band-stop by using modified Rectangular Split-Ring Resonator. The simulation Results of the proposed BSF demonstrates a good characteristic rejected band with stopband fractional bandwidth of 60% at center frequency of f0= 2.25GHz. A good attenuation is obtained and low return loss is remarked, that is less than 0.2 dB in the rejected band f0. The designed filter has a good electrical performance of transmission in the first and second bandpass. The proposed circuit is designed, simulated and optimized by CST microwave studio. It is a good choice for various applications and systems.
Today, computers and digital sciences are essential to model processes in order to extract information and present it in a framework exploitable for the researcher. In this context, we have begun this study to solve the problems that some industrialists encounter, especially those that exploit API 5L X52 steel. The prototype we propose uses ABAQUS as a computing tool associated with a numerical calculation method (Finite Element Method), allowing a numerical evaluation of the Mode I stress intensity factor of a CT specimen of API 5L X52 steel. The results obtained were compared with empirical results to evaluate the accuracy of our approach and a good agreement is observed.
This paper handle with a novel compact rectenna array for wireless power transmission (WPT) applications. The designed rectenna element consists of four microstrip patch antenna array and an RF-DC rectifier. A voltage multiplier topology has been adopted for the rectification part with 5 HSMS 2820 Schottky diodes, supplying a resistive load of 300 Ω presenting the device to be powered. To increase the received power level at the input of the rectifier, microstrip patch antenna arrays working at 5.8 GHz are proposed, with a novel configuration of EBG structures which have been applied to reduce the Mutual coupling effect between elements in the antenna array. A significant value of -27.036 dB mutual coupling reduction is reached at 5.8 GHz resonant frequency. Finally the full system is analyzed and optimized by using CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic solver and Advanced Design system (ADS).
This paper proposes a compact cross-Coupled lines design of a coplanar waveguide bandpass filter which is built from cascading several sections of quarter wavelength open-end series stubs. The design originates from modeling the series stub as a system of two asymmetrically coupled transmission lines, which is then made equivalent to a basic filter element of admittance inverter. In addition, by introducing the cross-coupling effect, two transmission zeros at the upper and lower stopbands may be created, which improve the filter selectivity. Simple equivalent lumped circuit models of the discontinuities formed between two sections are evaluated and incorporated into the circuit simulation to get better prediction for the filter performance. Specifically, two 4th order CPW bandpass filters centered at about 2GHz implemented on a FR4 substrate are demonstrated.
The present paper discusses the vibrational properties of the mixture Gelucire-quercetin (from 1% to 5%) at room and body temperature. Quercetin is a flavonoid having beneficial properties biological and antioxidant, it is used in many fields as food, cosmetic and especially pharmaceutical but its use as a drug is affected by its low solubility. The Gelucire 50/13 used as sustained release matrix forming agent in pharmaceutical applications and it have demonstrated the ability to improve the dissolution as well as the absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs [1 4] The mixture Gelucire-quercetin was essentially studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The behavior of these two molecules has been investigated in the spectral range 4000-0 cm(-1) in Raman spectroscopy, and 4000-600 cm(-1) in FTIR.
In this paper, we design and experiment ODYSSE (Opportunistic Duty cYcle based routing protocol for wirelesS Sensor nEtworks) protocol. It combines three main mechanisms: (i) duty cycle, where nodes alternate between active and sleep states, (ii) opportunistic routing where routing tables do not exist and the next hop is elected once the packet arrives, and (iii) source coding with LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) codes in order to face packet losses while minimizing energy consumption. We focus on two heterogeneous scenarios: bulk image transmission and infrequent events reporting. Modeling the average waiting delay of forwarders, we show that simple relay selection strategies are effective. We used 45 Arduino nodes communicating with IEEE 802.15.4 (XBee) within the large platform FIT IoT-LAB (IoT-LAB is part of the large platform FIT: Future Internet of Things). We implement and extensively study the behavior and performance of our proposal ODYSSE. We show that the three techniques fit perfectly, yielding a robust low complexity protocol for highly constrained nodes in typical IoT applications.
The paper presents the design of a wideband patch antenna for Continuous Wave terahertz photonic transmitters and their applications. In this work, the proposed structure was optimized by an EM solver integrated in ADS "Advanced Design System" named Momentum and the circuit is mounted on substrate which is based on GaAs substrate composed from different layers. After many series of optimization the final circuit is validated and suitable to be integrated into CW photonics transmitter system which is composed from photodetector, antenna, low pass filter and DC probe. The dimensions of the whole circuit are 195.681x157.312 mu m(2).
Cars, plane, boat, train and all future vehicle will be smarter and will provide more safety and comfortable transportation A lot of transport research are dedicated to response to one question: How can accidents be avoided?. The collision avoidance systems based on infrastructure-less communications for Automatic Identification System (AIS) for maritime transportation, Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System / Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (TCAS/ADS-B) for aircraft, and the Car-2-Car communication system (C2C) for road transportation, are deployed or in an advanced stat of development. We find no satisfactory solutions to avoid collision in the case of Train-to-Train intersection or in case of Train-To-Car (railroad crossing). Collisions with train are generally catastrophic, as they cause severe damage to life and property. The cause of train collisions is frequently attributed to a "chain of unfortunate circumstances" or "human error" The rail industry has been quite active in applying IT to rail transportation applications. While there are numerous examples of the application of advanced technologies to improve the safety and efficiency of rail transportation, we present in this paper an overview of two system developed to avoid trains collisions: Positive Train Control (PTC) and Railway Collision Avoidance System (RCAS).
This work presents a novel compact band-stop filter by using Complementary Split-Ring Resonator connected with 50 Ω microstrip line mounted on an FR4 substrate. The simulation results of the proposed BSF demonstrates a good characteristic rejected band with stopband fractional bandwidth of 58% at f0= 1.7GHz resonant frequency. The insertion loss is more than 40 dB and return loss is less than 0.1 dB at f0. The designed filter has a good electrical performance in the first and second bandpass. The proposed BSF is designed, simulated and optimized by CST microwave studio. To validate the feasibility of the designed BSF, another simulation has been carried out by using ADS. This filter is an adequate solution for ISM, AMPS and GSM Applications.
Sensor networks are nowadays a popular wireless technology due their role in different applications. It becomes the fabric of our daily life, as these networks have the potential to enhance human life. In WSN major applications, sensor nodes have limited power resource and typically powered by small and limited batteries whish replacement is very difficult and expensive in hostile environment. To prolong the sensor network's lifetime, many routing protocols have been proposed to achieve the energy efficiency in homogenous and heterogeneous WSN networks. In this paper work, we proposed a new hybrid routing protocol based on fuzzy c-means and DEEC protocol to form clusters and manage the transmission of data to the base station. The simulation results demonstrate the performance and prove the effectiveness of the proposed protocol. The energy consumption is minimized and the network lifetime of the sensor nodes is extended.
This paper presents a quantitative study of adaptive filtering to cancel the EMG artifact from ECG signals. The proposed adaptive algorithm operates in real time; it adjusts its coefficients simultaneously with signals acquisition minimizing a cost function, the summation of weighted least square errors (LSE). The obtained results prove the success and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The best ones were obtained for the forgetting factor equals to 0.99 and the regularization parameter equals to 0.02..
The relationship between Machine learning and the Internet of things is manifested through many products in many sectors. One of the incarnations of these two technological trends is E-healthcare, which provide real-time data and allow continuous patient monitoring through prediction, anticipation and intelligent decision making. The convergence of Internet of Things IoT and Machine learning has lot of scope for research. In this paper we investigate the convergence of this two technologies in the medical healthcare area. Furthermore we present a survey of related works on IoT and ML in e-healthcare during the last five years in its general architecture and application.
In this paper, we have proposed a new compact and miniaturized Coplanar Waveguide Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna for THz applications. The proposed antenna is implemented on a high dielectric constant substrate which is based on GaAs composed of two different layers and was optimized, studied and miniaturized by using the software ADS "Advanced Design System". The design of this antenna as part of the development of methods for the detection of broadband THz radiation pulses that can be contained in portable systems used in the detection of cancers.
Reduction of cost production for wind energy requires enhanced control technology which is able to extract optimum power from the kinetic energy of wind. This paper focused on the control of variable speed wind turbine for maximization of extracted power at the below rated wind speed regime. Among the important challenges in this field, one finds the need to deal with the design of controllers that are able to deal with the flexibility of the wind turbine installation, since this last can be the cause of significant perturbations. Using a four-degrees-of-freedom mechanical model that integrates flexibility of a wind turbine in terms of drive train torsion, tower flexure and blades out-of-plane flexure, an integral sliding mode controller was developed in this work. The stability of the obtained control system was assessed by using Lyapunov approach. Simulations results are presented to evaluate efficiency of this controller.
