Competitive advantage is one of the complex challenges of business firms that require distinct capabilities and resources to achieve and sustain it. Supply chain integration is one of the most critical capabilities which contribute to Competitive advantage according to resource-based theory RBV. Therefore this study tested the direct influence of supply chain integration capabilities on the competitive advantage of Sudanese manufacturing companies and indirect influence by testing market turbulence. Two main hypotheses were developed and tested based on data gathered from a non-probability sample of Sudanese manufacturing companies through a questionnaire sent to (200) companies, where the response rate (85%). The data analyzed by (SPSS) AMOS23. The findings showed that customer integration has a positive influence on quality, while flexibility is not affected by the integration capabilities of supply chain, nevertheless the market turbulence strengthening the positive effect of integration capabilities on flexibility. The study provides managerial and theoretical implications and direction for future research.
This paper investigates an optimization of the quality factor (Q) performance in terms of the input optical power signal of the system and the electrical injection current in the semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). Two different binary phase shift keying (BPSK) formats at 10 Gbps data rate are modulated at a radio frequency (RF) of 10 GHz. The RF signals are externally modulated via two Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) at a wavelength of 1440 nm horizontal and vertical polarized light. Then, a wavelength conversion utilizing two SOAs converts the RoF signals from 1440 nm to 1550 nm. The variations in Q factor, BER and eye opening with respect to the SOA current, bit rate and fiber length using Optisystem 7 simulation software are investigated.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, E-learning resources played a critical role to help educators organize, prepare, implement and track the learning and teaching process in the higher education system. The purpose of this study is to determining the effect of the dimensions of the UTAUT2 model on the behavioral intention (BI) of Iraqi students to use e-learning, the UTAUT2 consists of performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), hedonic motivation (HM), price value (PV), and habit (HA) as proposed by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and use of Technology (UTAUT2) on Iraqi students' behavioral intention to use E-learning. This study employed quantitative methodology that utilized the deductive approach and the study variables were examined via hypothesis testing. The purposive sampling was applied for sample selection and questionnaire were distributed by using Google Forms among undergraduate students at Cihan university Erbil, Iraq. Overall, 213 valid responses were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The result indicated the positive and significant impact of PE, EE, FC and HA on behavioral intention to use E-learning among students. However, SI, HM and PV were insignificant. The decision Makers should enhance the performance of system at university to meet the expectation of students as well improve the facilitating at universities. The results of the study are useful for universities, teachers and educators, decision-makers at universities and higher education system in designing and implementing their online system, as well as in making appropriate decisions to allow an increased number of university students to embrace E-learning.
While the role of internal audit has expanded steadily in the digital era to become an organizational strategic pillar, auditors have to bear the responsibility of proactively responding to this expanded role in the current business environment. Thus, The study aims to demonstrate the role of digitalization through numerous strategies and methods in developing internal audit practices in an information technology IT environment. Design/methodology/approach - Based on the nature of the problem and the objectives of the research, a descriptive analytical approach was adopted to determine the role of digitalization in developing internal audit practices, as well as analyzing data and information related to the development of internal audit practices in the local environment theoretically and in the field through a questionnaire designed for this purpose. Findings - The study concluded that digitalization contributes to the development of internal audit practices in an IT environment while acquiring knowledge and skills compatible with the use of modern digital technologies contributes to digitalization of the audit profession. Research limitations/implications - The limitation of the study stems from its application in a local research context. Practical implications - The researcher recommended developing digital platforms and programs for the purpose of developing internal audit practices in the local business environment noting that activating the digitalization mechanisms in an IT environment requires paying attention to strategic risks. Originality/value - The study addresses the deficiencies that the internal audit function faces in the local business environment resulting from organizational, legislative, administrative and personal factors, which undoubtedly hinder the achievement of the strategic goals and visions of the internal audit units and departments.
To design a 3-phase 220V, 50Hz power source fed from only one photovoltaic panel of 250W, 29V and 8.6A is a difficult task. This means that, the DC output voltage of the DC-DC Push-Pull converter associated with this panel must be more than 537V at least to feed the inverter required to synthesize the 3-phase output voltage. This means that the panel DC voltage raised about (20 times), so, a high step-up voltage DC-DC converter with such a Photovoltaic (PV) system is required. Hence, the contribution of this work is the design, simulation and implementation of this converter, because it is the key point in such a system, while the 3-phase inverter is already known. The most important element in the practical implementation is the ferrite transformer, which has a special mode of operation according to its position in the converter circuit. This leads to use a special procedure in its design to produce the required output voltage, keeping the efficiency as high as possible. To track the maximum power point (MPPT) from the PV panel the microcontroller has been used for determine the suitable pulse width of the converter to keep the generated power at high as possible. The proposed converter will be reduce the effect of the shading problem by connecting all of the panels in parallel instead of the traditional series parallel method. A three-phase inverter simulated and implemented to transform the DC voltage from single photovoltaic panel to three-phase sinusoidal AC voltage source to feed three-phase balanced load. A microcontroller used to generate sinusoidal pule width modulation conduction mode for this purpose.
This research aims to measure the impact of reliable leadership in knowledge sharing through the application of Innovation work behaviors at the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs in Baghdad. Based on the leader-member exchange theory(LMX) so that to test the hypotheses of the study. The Non-probabilistic sample was used on (84%) employees - out of the total participants number of (275) of the senior and middle administration (directors, heads) of the Ministry of Social Affairs operating in Baghdad, The data collected along with the AMOS and SPSS V.23 statistical analyses software. The results showed a positive relation between the reliable leadership and the knowledge sharing. The results also showed that the Innovation work behavior played a partial mediation between reliable leadership and knowledge sharing, so based on these results, theoretical and applicable contents were presented in order to have the results of the study future.
In this study, a performance analysis of several ECG compression schemes is introduced to discover the best algorithm for compressing the ECG signals. The main target of compressing these signals is to minimize their volume and thus to decrease the expense of their saving and sending. Different ECG records from MIT-BIH are used in this work for testing purposes, and various methods are offered for compression task: Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT), Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform (DWPT) and Discrete Wave Atom Transform (DWAT). The achievement of the aforementioned techniques is quantified mathematically based on “Compression Rate” (CR) and “Percentage Root Mean Square Difference” (PRD). The results demonstrated that the DWAT framework is the best in terms of the previously mentioned metrics.
Text-based communication is one of the most popular categories used. Emails, SMS messages while the voice call is better than text. it connects several remote people at once and it is more personal and easier than text. currently, the video call is the best method for communication between people. After transmitting of text, voice, and video successfully the next step is motion transmission. Motion-based communication requires detection of human motion in the sending site and motivation of robot's servo motors in the receiving site. The most important step in motion-based communication is the detection of human pose in real-time and good accuracy because this detection will be driven to a servo motor. If there is some wrong in detection, it will be dangerous because the robot may be damage itself or the motion may be harmful. In this paper, we propose a realtime method for motion transmission by using deep neural networks (DNN) for the detection of human body joints, Then convert the obtained results into commands suitable to work in robot environment. And implement the results on robot so that the human motion corresponds to that of the robot in real-time.
Knowledge Sharing and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has attracted the attention of researchers during the COVID 19 pandemic and there were two factors considered as essential elements for universities during the COVID 19 situation. This is because most of the universities postponed the physical attendance at universities and used technology tools to keep the communication among the academic staff and students. ICT allows for the rapid search, access, and retrieval of information and collaboration between employees, while ICT infrastructure refers to the equipment, software, communication systems, and the human component such as experience, skills, command, principles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of ICT and ICT infrastructure on Knowledge Sharing among academic staff. The study was conducted at nine Iraqi public universities located in Baghdad and the sample was the academic staff at these universities. The study employed the stratified sample method to ensure equal distribution among the nine universities, and the data was collected using the questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was utilized to analyze 267 valid questionnaires. After testing the measurement model and ensuring the model fit, the study examined the structural model to find the results. The result showed that ICT and ICT infrastructure had positive and significant impact on Knowledge Sharing among the academic staff at Iraqi public universities. However, the result indicated the Knowledge Sharing was highly impacted by ICT infrastructure. The government and universities should enhance and improve the ICT infrastructure that would provide a great benefit to the Iraqi universities' reputation as well as the universities' rank.
Feasibility study (FS) as an economic techniques may contributing to evaluate project's and performances in a professional manner away from personal judgment risks, in an attempt to evaluate an accepted measurement results effectively, and taking decisions to make the suitable choice between different available alternatives. For any establishment comparative advantages are contributed to enhance profitable and high performance portfolio or project investment and continuous economic development. Feasibility study may implement measurements such as financial criteria or setting a model, to analyze, assess and measure the establishment project success and performance. The objective of this research is to suggest that FS may include different techniques in using available assessing criterions such as the economic ratios and viable economic model to evaluate an establishment project success and economic performance. The research methodology of measurement is through the FS which depends on the use of “Factor Analysis”. These methods will be used to analyze a number of enablers and relations. The research recommendations reveal that financial ratios and mathematical models may be used as a predictor for a firm's financial performance in the future.
This study aims at conducting for a theoretical review of management connotations of electronic management applications for the sake of coming out with a proposed model. The proposed model is suggesting an electronic management application and adaptation through three-sage (phase) strategy that includes three stages (phases). These stages are: first, the right preparation and establishment for the electronic mechanisms, equipment and tools required in applying the electronic management within a suitable framework and ground for the basic requirements to create an appropriate environment for the dissemination and application of electronic management culture. Secondly, the development of the main elements which assist in activating the electronic system network as a harmonic system. Then testing and implementing these element. Thirdly, clarifying and presenting the basic requirements which are necessary in supporting the successful application of electronic management within the framework of supporting both internal and external environments. Additionally, the basic requirements and the global processes which lead to the expected results that are required to be achieved at each stage are clarified. The purpose for such clarification is to shed light upon the progress from one stage into another to provide a sequential comprehensive model for an integrated strategic vision explaining the stages of electronic management application
The main function of information retrieval (IR) system is to obtain efficient and exactly a minimum subset of document that is related to user concern. Synonymy and polysemy act as a barrier for natural language processing algorithms due to overestimation and misrepresentation. The proposed model uses the implicit of higher rank structure in combing terms with document to optimize the identification of relevant document based on terms used in queries with an enhanced automatic indexing approach has been suggested. The study benefited from the use of Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method to assign weight for each term in the document. Each document is presented as a vector of weight in the space. Also, the user query is represented as vector of weight. Finally, a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) approach has been used in which a huge weight of term-document matrix is factorized into collection of vectors for approximation of the original matrix. The cosine similarity is also used to determine the closed vector of document to the user query. In regard to English information retrieval, It was observed that TF-IDF showed higher performance before term percentage 0.3 while Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) was more stable than TF-IDF, especially in terms of the use of word association.
The non-contiguous allocation strategies (N.C.A.S) execution might be genuinely full of the activity booking procedure utilized for restricting the sort in which occupations are decide to usage. With this paper, the renowned Multiple Partner N.C.A.S implementation aimed at k-ary n-cube shape associated multi-computers is returned to recognizing different important algorithms of job scheduling. These algorithms are the largest job first (LJF), last come first served (LCFS), smallest job first (SJF), and first come first served (FCFS) job scheduling algorithms. The algorithms are coordinated through complete flutter level simulations. Entirely simulations result subordinate upon engineered remaining task at synthetic workload models with these scenarios. Finished explicit, it is generously better than SJF and LJF in relationships of system utilization and average job turnaround times under little to hefty system loads.
With the development taking place these days in information technology and protecting data security of data transmitted over the internet, there is an urgent and necessary need in order to protect data from falling into the hands of unauthorized persons. The difficulty of breaking the cipher text representing by using multiple keys instead of one key in the process of encryption and decryption, so it found that the mathematics represent a basic in many sciences because of the wide using for the concepts of the equations and functions, so one of the important using of the mathematics is in the cryptography science because all the cryptosystems in the world dells with the arithmetic operations, in this paper a new cryptosystem presented through using the 3ed order equation (cubic equation) for one variables and using Cardano's method for solving cubic equation, in order to add more security and complexity to the proposed cryptosystem since there is four different symmetric keys and changeable formula of the equation, many cryptanalysis applied on the proposed cryptosystem to ensure the validity and secrecy of the proposed algorithm, all results show the strength of the cryptosystem against the attacks as shown in the result section.
The study aims at defining the concept of business intelligence and its technologies, its role for enhancing requirements of knowledge management. The study included two basic variables, the first (the independent variable), business intelligence technologies, and it included three sub-dimensions: (ETL technology, OLAP technology, DM technology). As for the second major variable (the adopted variable), it is the requirements of knowledge management, and it has three sub-dimensions which are (providing the necessary infrastructure represented by technology, providing the necessary human resources, organizational leadership). The study population consisted of lecturers at Northern Technical University and some of its formations. A simple random sample was selected, where (65) questionnaires were distributed, (58) questionnaires were retrieved. The study was based on the analytical descriptive approach using the statistical software package (SPSS, V24). In light of this, the following question was determined to be the limits of the study problem as follows: (What is the role of business intelligence techniques in enhancing requirements of knowledge management?). A hypothetical scheme has been developed that shows the nature of the relationship between the two dimensions with their variables. It was clarified by a set of hypotheses, the study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: 1. Verify the existence of a correlation found between business intelligence techniques and requirements of knowledge management. 2- Achieve a significant impact of business intelligence techniques and requirements of knowledge management. The study concludes with a set of recommendations necessary for the organizations concerned with the study, perhaps the most important of them, the need for paying attention to the application of business intelligence techniques for the purpose of enhancing requirements of knowledge management in business organizations, as well as providing a set of proposals for areas of future studies related to the variables of the current study.
A competent and structured approach to improve the health and well-being of humanity is provided by the Internet of everything technology. One of the practical ways to provide healthcare services based on IoE is to monitor human health in real-time using smart healthcare that sends the data to the gateway through a particular wireless communication protocol. The real-time data is then transmitted to a remote Fog computing node for real-time, visualization, processing, and analyzing. In this paper, we enhance such a health monitoring system by taking advantage of the concept of fog computing providing embedded advanced techniques and services, such as gathering raw data from different sources and filter the duplicity to produce summary information which is known as data aggregation. Fog computing also stores the aggregated information in distributed storage which provides many advantages like availability, low cost, and scalability. Finally, fog computing provides notification service at the edge of the network which contributes to avoid critical situations. Cisco packet tracer 7.2 is used to program and implement the proposed smart health care platform.
As the world is always changing where the social, political, and working aspects of our lives are driven and fortified by connectivity with enormous proliferation of all types of perspicacious contrivances. Mobile connectivity has its well-known paramountcy, with 5G and the Internet of Things “IoT” looming on the horizon, the world will witness a drastic change, societies will be living in keenly intellective cities, pass through astute borders, maintain our health through wearable technology, peregrinate to work across perspicacious and autonomous convey systems and aviation, keenly intellective agriculture and fishing will sanction us to experience a safer environment. With the ecumenical perpetual race for development and owning the best technology, US Federal Communications Committee “FCC” made arrangements with SpaceX to build a constellation of 12,000 low Earth orbit communication satellites in a project called “Starlink” that will utilize phased array antennas for up and downlinks which will provide the ecumenical with low-latency high bandwidth coverage.
Community detection is useful for better understanding of the structure of complex networks, and aids in the extraction of required information from such networks. Community detection problem can be modelled as an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Many optimization algorithms (both single -objective and multi-objectives) have been implemented to address community detection problem, where the first objective is usually representing the maximization of the internal connections, while the second objective represents the minimization of the external connections between the communities or clusters. In this research, an enhanced mutation operator is proposed for improving the search performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with decomposition (MOEA/D), based on the types of the connections between the nodes. The proposed algorithm was evaluated based on a set of five benchmark datasets, in terms of Normalized Mutual Information (NMI), Weighted NMI (WNMI), Signed Modularity (Qs), and Error rate (Error). The results showed that our proposed enhanced algorithm has attained the best position as compared to the standard version of MOEA/D, and other state of art research papers.
Stemming is the process of mapping several words related semantically but different morphologically to one word root. Therefore it is very important preprocessing step before perform any natural language processing task such as text classification for reducing and getting accurate features. Arabic language possess spatial morphological characteristics make stemming process difficult. Therefore many light and root stemmers proposed for handling this problem but unfortunately most of them appeared confusion between the original letters and affixes may attached with root of the words. This paper introduced A new stemming algorithm dedicated for Arabic documents classification (NSAAD) it is dedicated for stemming Arabic words using predefine patterns and affixes lists. Experiments performed on lists of words related in their root but different in morphological form. Comparing with Information Science Research Institute's (ISRI) stemmer, proposed technique introduced better results.
The research in influence social of social networks has attracted big interest in last years of its importance in marketing, information diffusion, and recommendation. Identifying which users have the power to influence the choices of other users is a significant research topic because it provides an opportunity for companies to identify influential users. However, most current methods to influencers find out by relying on measures of centrality computed on networks that use different kinds of interrelationships to link users. Popular users which have a large number of followers are not necessarily influential in terms of spawning mentions or retweets. A small proportion of all users are called the influencer set. Where these influencers have a big active audience that doubles the content and consumes published. For that reason, an influencer's post whether it is links or text is spread in the social network and draws the attention of a big number of individuals although they may not be direct followers to the influencer. The greater the spread of the post, the user impact is rise. In this research, the proposed method displays the ability to find influencer users by using eleven features such as mention, retweet actions, new tweets, the rate of followers to friends, and the count of public lists etc. which are completely effective indicators for influential users, by employing the Entropy method technique and threshold value Analysis for identifying users influential on Twitter.
