To investigate the effects of low phosphorus stress on five endogenous hormones(abscisic acid,gibberellin,growth hormone,zeatin and solanum lactone)in the roots and leaves of Pueraria lobata,and to pro-vide a reference for the selection and breeding of low phosphorus tolerant Pueraria species.Kudzu from different provenances(Australian Kudzu,Hunan Kudzu from China and Jiangsu Kudzu from China)were selected as ex-perimental materials,and the hydroponic experiments with three phosphorus nutrient levels were conducted(nor-mal phosphorus 0.5 mmol·L-1,low phosphorus 0.05 mmol·L-1 and extremely low phosphorus 0.005 mmol·L-1 KH2 PO4 concentrations were set).The contents of endogenous hormones in roots and leaves of Kudzu seed-lings were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay.The results showed that the abscisic acid content of kudge root decreased with the decrease of P concentration,and the abscisic acid content of Kudzu leaf decreased first and then increased with the decrease of P concentration.The contents of gibberellin,zeatin,growth hormone and monocrotaline in kudzu root increased with the decrease of P concentration.The contents of gibberellin and growth hormone in Kudzu leaf also increased with the decrease of P concentration,and the contents of zeatin and dictamnolide first increased and then decreased with the decrease of P concentration.
In order to evaluate the carbon storage of grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia,the paper puts forward suggestions on ways to realize the carbon sink potential of grassland.Based on the formation mechanism of grassland carbon pool,the carbon sequestration potential of grassland was evaluated from two aspects:grass-land biomass and grassland soil carbon sequestration.The grassland biomass carbon sequestration potential was calculated using the net ecosystem productivity method,and the grassland soil carbon sequestration potential was calculated using the grassland soil organic carbon content.The results are as follows:The total carbon sequestra-tion in Inner Mongolia grassland in 2020 will be 47.4×108 t,the carbon sequestration in grassland soil accounted for 96.43%of the total carbon sequestration in grassland,and the biological carbon sequestration in grassland accounted for 3.57%of the total carbon sequestration in grassland.The carbon sequestration potential in grass-land soil plays a leading role.The amount of carbon sequestered in grasslands of Inner Mongolia was unevenly distributed,and the amount of carbon sequestered in grasslands of the eastern League(city)was higher than that of the western League(city).The amount of carbon sequestered in grasslands of Xilin Gol League and Hulunbuir was higher,which were 13.95×108 t and 13.89×108 t,accounting for 29.44%and 29.31%of the whole re-gion,respectively.Inner Mongolia grassland is a huge carbon pool,and it is of great significance to focus on the realization of the value of grassland carbon sink ecological products.Find out the amount of grassland carbon sink,increase grassland carbon sink resources,and accelerate the research and development of grassland carbon sink.
To establish a grazing and livestock balance model and an optimized production model,the graz-ing and livestock balance,grassland biomass,methane emissions and economic income and expenditure of family pasture in the desert grassland area of Urad Middle Banner in Inner Mongolia under different stocking rates were analyzed,in order to provide scientific basis and decision support for the production and operation of family pas-ture in this area.Field investigation and simulation analysis were adopted,the relevant data and parameters were collected,and the grass and livestock balance model and optimized production model were established,verified and analyzed.The results showed that the grazing and livestock balance and economic benefits of family pasture in this region were closely related to stocking rate.With the increase of stocking rate in pasture,there was a state of short supply between the actual energy intake of livestock and the energy required for maintenance,and only the grassland energy remained at the stocking rate of 0.1 sheep unit/hm2 and 0.33 sheep unit/hm2.Further-more,methane emissions increased with the increase of stocking rate in pasture,while the biomass of grassland gradually decreased.Appropriate stocking rate can improve economic returns,combining ecological and econom-ic benefits and local conditions,it is recommended to maintain pasture stocking rate between 0.33 sheep units/hm2～0.55 sheep units/hm2.Reasonable adjustment of the stocking rate in pasture is of great significance to promote the sustainable development of grassland ecological environment and the healthy development of animal husbandry.
Grazing is one of the main utilization methods of grassland ecosystem,plant functional traits re-flect the response of vegetation to environmental changes.In order to explore the effects of different grazing inten-sity on plant functional traits,two dominant species Cleistogenes songorica and Artemisia frigida were selected based on the long-term grazing experimental platform of desert steppe research in Inner Mongolia,and 7 main functional traits of these plants were analyzed.The results showed that the natural height of reproductive bran-ches,natural height of vegetative branches,crown width,basal stem and number of reproductive branches of Ar-temisia frigida decreased significantly with the increase of grazing intensity.Light grazing increased the number of basal stems and reproductive branches of Cleistogenes songorica,but moderate and heavy grazing had negative effects on other functional traits of Cleistogenes songorica.The functional traits of Cleistogenes songorica differed significantly in July and August,while there was no significant difference in that of Artemisia frigida.Therefore,different dominant plants in desert steppe responded differently to grazing intensities and time,which was of great significance for studying the response strategies of plants in desert steppe to long-term grazing disturbance.
草原蝗虫的分布和发生与气温、地形、地貌、海拔、土壤类型、草地类型、牧草种类、植被高度、植被盖度、天敌等因素密切相关.由于内蒙古东西跨度大,气候条件悬殊,形成了不同的草原类型,因而分布在内蒙古草原上的蝗虫种类也不尽相同.
With the increasing number of grassland grazing,overgrazing,animal husbandry,such as ille-gal use of grassland problem has not been fundamentally solved,natural grassland load continues to increase.As the number of grassland grazing animals continues to increase,the problems of illegal use of grassland such as overgrazing and furtive grazing had not been fundamentally solved,and the load on natural grasslands con-tinues to increase.In recent years,the grassland in Inner Mongolia had been degraded to different degrees,which had restricted the local economic development.The use of information technology to build a set of grass-land supervision platform was discussed.Thus,a new management model of ecological three-dimensional per-ception,coordinated and efficient management,and internal and external integrated service were formed,which would be the key to solving the innovation and development problems of the grassland ecological indus-try,promoting the transformation of the development mode of the ecological industry,and comprehensively im-proving the quality and efficiency of the ecological industry.The deep integration of big data development a-chievements with grassland ecological construction,and the construction of an integrated,collaborative and op-timized development model of grassland ecological industry had become an important way to innovate the eco-logical development model of Inner Mongolia grassland.
The biological characteristics,germplasm resource distribution,physiological characteristics,nu-tritional composition,pharmacological effects,tissue culture and rapid propagation,and molecular biology of Amygdalus pedunculata were reviewed and investigated in this paper.The progress provided comprehensive infor-mation resources for further related research,promoted the research on the protection,development and utiliza-tion of the germplasm resources of the Amygdalus pedunculata,and gave full play to the important value of the ecological environment construction and economic development of Amygdalus pedunculata.
To investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates on biomass accumulation and ni-trogen uptake of alfalfa in Horqin Sandy land,the alfalfa in the establishment year was used as the test material,and four nitrogen application gradients were set up,with nitrogen application rates of 0 kg/hm2(N0),22.5 kg/hm2(N1),45 kg/hm2(N2)and 67.5 kg/hm2(N3),respectively.The plant height,above-ground biomass and total nitrogen content of alfalfa were determined.And make a comprehensive analysis.The results showed as fol-lows:1.Compared with N0,the plant height of alfalfa was significantly increased by 11.55%～13.73%(P＜0.05).2.Compared with N0,nitrogen treatment(N2)significantly increased the biomass of alfalfa by 61.32%(P＜0.05).3.Compared with N0,application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake of alfalfa;the aboveground biomass accumulation and accumulation rate of alfalfa in different growth stages showed an increasing trend.In the early growth stage of alfalfa,nitrogen uptake accumulation and uptake rate increased(N3 was the highest),but decreased(N2 was the highest)in the later growth stage.The effects of different nitrogen application treatments on nitrogen use efficiency of alfalfa were not significant((P＞0.05)).4.During the whole growth period of alfalfa,low nitrogen treatment(N1)significantly increased par-tial productivity compared with N2 and N3.In conclusion,45 kg/hm2 was the best nitrogen application rate for alfalfa production in Horqin Sandy land.This study can provide reference for alfalfa productivity improvement and nitrogen efficient utilization.
In order to clarify the basic quantitative characteristics and species diversity of plant communities in the grassland of East Ujimqin Banner,a total data of 168 sample points were collected from 33 family pastures in East Ujumuqin Banner was analyzed with variation analysis,combined with correlation analysis and regression analysis,the conclusions were as follows:the variation coefficient of variation of aboveground biomass of plant communities was smaller than community coverage and density.The correlation between species number,Mar-galef index and Shannon-Wiener index reached a significant level(P＜0.01);The aboveground biomass of grass-land plant community was mainly affected by plant community coverage,species number and Shannon-Wiener in-dex,and the increases of plant community coverage and Shannon-Wiener index were conducive to the increase of aboveground biomass of grassland plant community.The aboveground biomass of grassland plant community was greatly affected by the density ratio between species.This study is of guiding significance for clarifying the theo-retical relationship between the biomass and density of grassland plant community,revealing the theoretical maxi-mum productivity of grassland,vegetation restoration of degraded grassland and sustainable development of grass-land animal husbandry in East Ujimqin Banner.
In order to determine the effects of new seed treatment agent Rancona Dimension on seed germina-tion and seedling growth of alfalfa and Silybum marianum,the Russian mixed alfalfa and Silybum marianum seeds imported from Russia were used as materials in this experiment.The germination rate,germination potential,ger-mination index and plant height of the two forage species were determined under the treatment of 0 mL/kg,0.50 mL/kg,1.00 mL/kg,1.50 mL/kg and 2.00 mL/kg.The results showed that the germination rate and germination index of Russian mixed alfalfa and Silybum marianum seeds were improved to different degrees.The best effect was obtained at 0.50 mL/kg,and the best effect was obtained at 2.00 mL/kg.The germination potential of the two for-age seeds was higher than that of the control at the Rancona Dimension concentration of 1.00 mL/kg and 1.50 mL/kg,and the germination potential of the two forage seeds was lower than that of the control at the Rancona Dimen-sion concentration of 0.50 mL/kg and 2.00 mL/kg.The growth of the two forage seeds and seedlings was inhibited to different degrees by the Rancona Dimension.The growth of Russian mixed alfalfa was significantly inhibited when the concentration was 2.00 mL/kg,and the growth of Silybum marianum seedling height was significantly in-hibited when the Rancona Dimension concentration was 0.50 mL/kg.
With the implementation of the sustainable development strategy,the restoration and sustainable development of the grassland ecological environment get more and more attention,but there are still prominent problems,such as the continuous decline of the ecological function of the grassland,and the production transfor-mation of the grassland pastoral areas.To study the problems and countermeasures of grassland ecological restora-tion and sustainable development is of great significance to solve the practical problems faced by grassland ecolo-gy.Therefore,the current situation of grassland ecological restoration and sustainable development in the main distribution areas of grassland in China were analyzed firstly.Secondly,the existing problems of grassland eco-logical restoration and sustainable development were analyzed.Finally,corresponding countermeasures were for-mulated to provide support for grassland ecological restoration and sustainable development.
为了探究提高羊草种子萌发率的有效方法,本研究以东北羊草和吉生 1 号羊草为试验材料,采用不同发芽床(盆栽和培养皿)及硫酸浸种(50%、60%、70%、80%)处理,测定羊草种子发芽率、发芽指数及简化活力指数,并利用隶属函数对羊草种子萌发特性进行评价.结果表明:随硫酸浓度增加,供试羊草种子发芽率、发芽指数、简化活力指数总体呈先降后升的变化,80%硫酸处理下,东北羊草的发芽率、发芽指数及简化活力指数显著高于吉生 1 号羊草(P＜0.05);盆栽处理下的羊草种子发芽率、发芽指数、简化活力指数高于培养皿处理.运用隶属函数评价得出,东北羊草萌发特性强于吉生 1 号羊草.
为了适应我国草种业发展和新农科建设对人才培养的需求,内蒙古农业大学积极开展牧草种子学课程教学改革与课程建设,以立德树人为根本,从教学内容、教学模式、教学实践、教学评价等方面探讨了以培养创新能力为基础的牧草种子学课程教学改革的问题,为草种业人才培养模式的探索和实践打好基础.
瑞香狼毒(Stllera chamaejasme)是一种常见的草原毒害草,大面积发生会对草原构成严重的危害,不利于畜牧业的稳步发展.为探索瑞香狼毒防控措施,结合以往防治经验,利用 4 种药物采取溶液注射和点喷两种方式进行防除试验,得出 4 种药剂的最优防效剂量,为草原毒害草防除提供科学依据.
草地在全球碳循环、水土保持和生物多样性保护方面发挥着重要作用.由于气候变化和人类活动,草原遭受了严重的土地退化和荒漠化,导致草场和畜牧业生产及相关社会经济功能受到负面影响.遥感技术已经成为监测草原不可或缺的手段,为草原健康评估和管理提供及时准确的信息.本文探究了遥感技术在草地生物量估算、植被物候监测、草原多样性监测、放牧强度估算和草原退化识别中的应用.指出了遥感技术应用面临的困境与挑战,未来应与其他先进技术相结合,提高其在草原监测和管理方面的有效性和准确性.
多样性-稳定性关系的多维度 生物多样性和稳定性都具有多维定义和度量指标,这是导致二者复杂关系的主要因素.近几十年来生物多样性的概念被扩展至多维度的测量指标,主要包括:分类学多样性、功能多样性和系统发育多样性.不同的稳定性指标可能得出不同结论.
2011-2021 年期间,扎鲁特旗以"草原蝗虫生物防治示范县"建设为契机,采取分阶段、按年度推进方式开展草原牧鸡治蝗工作,取得了良好成效,积累了较好的经验与做法.本文简要总结回顾扎鲁特旗近 10 年来的草原牧鸡治蝗成效,提炼治蝗工作经验做法,为推广草原牧鸡治蝗工作提供借鉴经验.
生态系统稳定性是指处于平衡状态的系统经受干扰不发生变化或发生变化后回到平衡状态的能力,包括系统受干扰时抵抗偏离初始态的能力和群落受到外界干扰后回到原状态的能力,包括抵抗力、恢复力、持久性和变异性.
为筛选适宜在内蒙古乌兰察布地区种植的大豆品种,本研究对来自不同省份的 30 个大豆品种的生育期、农艺性状、产量和营养品质进行比较分析.生育期测定结果显示,除邯豆 5 号外的所有测试品种均能在乌兰察布地区正常开花结实.对29 个大豆品种依据其农艺性状、产量及营养品质相关指标进行K-平均值聚类分析,共分为 4 类,其中第Ⅲ集群中的铁丰33、科丰14、中品661、中品95-5383、中黄35 和冀豆17 共6 个品种均属于晚熟品种,产量高品质优,适宜在内蒙古乌兰察布地区大面积推广种植.
