Based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2024, this article divides them into five major pig industry regions, namely the north, the east, the central-south, the southwest, and the northwest, to analyze their comparative advantages and influencing factors. The results showed that the southwest region had obvious comparative advantages in efficiency, scale, and comprehensiveness. The north region had weaker comparative advantages in efficiency, scale, and comprehensiveness. The central-south and eastern regions had relatively stable comparative advantages in efficiency, scale, and comprehensiveness from 2012 to 2024. The northwest region did not have the above advantages. The analysis of influencing factors indicated that the level of economic development and technological innovation had a significant positive impact on the regional comparative advantages of Chinese pig industry. The study shows that region-specific strategies should be adopted to leverage comprehensive comparative advantages, improve the economic efficiency of animal husbandry, and enhance technological innovation capabilities, so as to promote the high-quality development of the pig industry.
The modernization of Chinese animal husbandry industry serves as a crucial cornerstone for promoting rural industrial revitalization,an effective pathway for realizing agricultural and rural modernization,and a key step in advancing modern eco-agricultural development.At present,the modernization of Chinese animal husbandry industry has established a solid practical foundation,as evidenced by the continuous optimization of urban-rural resource allocation,the gradual formation of new quality productive forces in agriculture,and the steady improvement of green circular development systems.Based on this,the article proposes the following advancement strategies:Optimizing the allocation of factors across the entire industrial chain to expand the resource efficiency of modern animal husbandry development,promoting applicable smart farming solutions to strengthen the technological support for modern animal husbandry development,and establishing a regional crop-livestock recycling system to consolidate the ecological foundation of modern animal husbandry development,thereby providing a reference for the modernization of Chinese animal husbandry industry.
In the context of accelerating the development of new productive forces and promoting agricultural modernization, artificial intelligence is becoming an important engine driving the digital transformation of the livestock industry. This article analyzes the practical drivers of digital transformation in the livestock industry from two dimensions, enhancing the stability and regulatory capacity of livestock product supply, and improving resource utilization efficiency and pollution control capabilities. On this basis, the theoretical mechanisms through which artificial intelligence empowers the digital transformation of the livestock industry are revealed across three dimensions, namely the input end, the organizational end, and the output end. At the input end, artificial intelligence improves the utilization efficiency of feed and environmental resources, enabling intelligent control of breeding costs and benefits. At the organizational end, artificial intelligence strengthens collaborative linkages among industry chain entities and enhances the supply capacity of digital and intelligent livestock services. At the output end, artificial intelligence facilitates precise management of intelligent production, thereby improving production performance and health levels. Furthermore, the article proposed the innovative pathways, including strengthening the research and development of livestock-specific intelligent technologies, building open and shared digital infrastructure, and establishing a multi-tiered digital talent support system, to provide references for constructing a modern livestock industry system that is efficient, green, intelligent, and resilient.
The experiment aimed to investigate the optimal extraction process of Fructus Aurantii polysaccharides and its antioxidant activities in vitro.Ultrasonic-assisted aqueous two-phase system(ATPS)was used to extract Fructus Aurantii polysaccharides.The component ratio,liquid material quality ratio,extraction temperature,and extraction time of the ATPS system were preliminarily determined through single factor experiments.The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology,and the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide anion radical scavenging rate,and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of the Fructus Aurantii polysaccharides were measured to evaluate its in vitro antioxidant activity.The results showed that under the conditions of ethanol mass fraction of 27.5%,(NH4)2SO4 mass fraction of 17%,liquid material quality ratio of 50 g/g,extraction temperature of 40℃,and extraction time of 20 min,the optimal yield of Fructus Aurantii polysaccharides was 48.07 mg/g.At a quality concentration of 1 000 mg/L,the T-AOC was 0.098 mmol/L,the superoxide anion scavenging rate was 31.3%,and the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate was 56.3%.The study shows that Fructus Aurantii polysaccharides have certain antioxidant capacity and good biocompatibility.
High-moisture corn silage feed is a new type of high-quality energy feed with advantages such as low production cost and high nutritional value. High-moisture corn silage is mainly divided into three types, high humidity corn kernel silage, whole ear silage, and high-moisture corn silage with axles. It has high starch content and abundant total digestible nutrients, making it a high-quality energy feed source for ruminants and monogastric animals. In terms of production technology, the harvesting period, grain crushing size, storage facilities, and sealing technology are key factors affecting the quality of silage. Additives mainly consist of Lactobacillus preparations and organic acids, which can effectively improve fermentation quality and aerobic stability. In ruminant animal production, high-moisture corn silage can improve starch digestibility, growth performance, and milk production in beef and dairy cattle. It can partially replace dry corn in monogastric animals without affecting production performance. High-moisture corn silage is prone to deterioration when exposed to air, and its application in China is still in its infancy. However, under the impetus of the 'grain to feed' policy' policy, it has broad application prospects. The article provides a review of the types and nutritional characteristics, processing techniques and key technologies, additive selection, and application progress in the breeding industry of high-moisture corn silage, aiming to provide reference for the development and promotion of high-moisture corn silage technology.
In depth research on the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of green total factor productivity in dairy farming played an irreplaceable role in scientifically establishing a modern framework for Chinese dairy industry and achieving sustainable development in the dairy farming industry.The article was based on provincial panel data from 2014 to 2024,used the DEA-Malmquist index method to measure the total factor productivity and spatiotemporal characteristics of dairy farming,and analyzed the influencing factors of green total factor productivity in dairy farming by constructing a Tobit model.The results showed that from the perspective of temporal evolution characteristics,the green total factor productivity index of dairy farming industry during the research period was 1.138.From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics,the green total factor productivity of dairy farming showed a spatial agglomeration pattern of decreasing in the East,Middle,and West.From the perspective of influencing factors,technology supply,risk prevention and control of farming diseases and epidemics,level of scale of dairy farming,policy support,and environmental regulations played a positive role in promoting the improvement of green total factor productivity in dairy farming.The study shows that the overall green total factor productivity of dairy farming is gradually increasing,and is influenced by factors such as technology supply,risk prevention and control of farming diseases and epidemics,the level of scale of dairy farming,policy support,and environmental regulations.
This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antibacterial effects of extracts from 15 traditional Chinese herbs against four pathogenic bacteria,and to preliminarily analyze the key antibacterial components,potential targets,and mechanisms of action.Extracts were prepared using water and ethanol extraction methods for antibacterial screening.The main active components and their targets of the target herb were obtained from the TCMSP database.The Venny platform was used to identify intersection targets between the herb's targets and antibacterial-related targets,and to generate a Venn diagram.The STRING database was employed for protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis of the intersection targets.Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the DAVID database.Molecular docking technology was applied to verify the binding ability of core active components to key targets.The results showed that among the 15 herbs,the two extracts of Fructus mume exhibited better antibacterial effect against the four pathogenic bacteria,with the diameter of the inhibition zone of its ethanol extract against Salmonella reaching 34.08 mm.PPI analysis suggested that proteins such as serine/threonine-protein kinase 1(AKT1),B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(BCL2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),estrogen receptor 1(ESR1),prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase(SRC)might be key targets for the antibacterial action of Fructus mume.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the antibacterial effect of Fructus mume might be primarily associated with the regulation of signaling pathways including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B(PI3K-Akt),RAS protein(Ras),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Molecular docking results revealed that quercetin,kaempferol,and naringenin from Fructus mume had good binding affinity with the target proteins BCL2,EGFR,and PTGS2.The study shows that the experimental results provide a reference for elucidating the antibacterial mechanism of Fructus mume and identifying its key antibacterial components.
High-level scientific and technological self-reliance served as a strategic fulcrum for driving industrial transformation and upgrading, playing a pivotal role in advancing the high-quality development of the feed industry chain. The study utilized panel data from 30 Chinese provinces spanning 2014 to 2025 as the research sample to analyze the impact of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance on the high-quality development of the feed industry chain. The results showed that high-level scientific and technological self-reliance could effectively promote the high-quality development of the feed industry chain, and this conclusion remained valid under a series of robustness tests. Mediation effect analysis indicated that high-level scientific and technological self-reliance accelerated the high-quality development of the feed industry chain by driving industrial structural upgrading. Heterogeneity analysis further demonstrated that the promoting effect of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance on the high-quality development of the feed industry chain was more pronounced in regions with high human capital levels. The study shows that fostering high-level scientific and technological self-reliance can inject new momentum and provide a fresh engine for the high-quality development of the feed industry chain, offering valuable insights for the modernization of animal husbandry and the high-quality development of the economy.
This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of Medicago germplasm resources and construct their DNA fingerprints.Using 49 Medicago varieties from different countries and regions as experimental materials,PCR amplification profiles were analyzed.By comparing the profile characteristics,the genetic diversity of Medicago varieties was investigated,and their DNA fingerprints were further constructed.The results showed that the 49 Medicago varieties possessed rich genetic diversity.A total of 92 bands were amplified using seven inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)primers,of which 76 were polymorphic,with a polymorphism rate of 82.61%.Primer 881 exhibited a high level of genetic variation both among and within Medicago populations.The average total gene diversity(Ht)amplified by the seven ISSR primers was 0.363 2.The average genetic distance followed the order:Medicago falcata>Medicago varia>Medicago sativa,and was higher for foreign Medicago varieties than for domestic ones.Based on the ISSR amplification characteristics of the seven primers,DNA fingerprints for the 49 Medicago varieties were successfully constructed.This study shows that the 49 Medicago varieties could be divided into six groups using ISSR molecular marker technology,and corresponding DNA fingerprints were established,providing a reference for the identification,protection,and utilization of these resources.
Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2024,this article used panel regression analysis to systematically examine the relationship between agricultural technology innovation and high-quality development of animal husbandry.The results showed that both agricultural technology innovation and high-quality development of animal husbandry had significant spatial agglomeration characteristics.Spatial effect decomposition indicated that agricultural technological innovation not only directly promoted the high-quality development of local animal husbandry,but also had significant spatial spillover effects on surrounding areas.Regional difference analysis showed that agricultural technological innovation had a more significant spatial spillover effect on the high-quality development of animal husbandry in the eastern region.The study shows that agricultural technological innovation is an important driving force for promoting high-quality development of animal husbandry,and its spatial spillover effects have significant regional heterogeneity.It is necessary to optimize the layout of agricultural technological innovation according to local conditions,strengthen inter regional technological spillover and collaborative development,and promote the overall improvement and efficiency of animal husbandry.
Ferulic acid(FA)is a phenolic acid compound widely found in plant seeds and leaves.Its molecular structure contains methoxy,4-hydroxy,and carboxylic acid functional groups,enabling it to form covalent bonds with adjacent unsaturated carbocations,thereby playing a key role in alleviating oxidative stress-related diseases.As a bioactive molecule with significant potential in the field of functional ingredients,FA holds broad application prospects in animal production.FA exhibits multiple biological activities,including antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and apoptosis-regulating effects.FA can significantly improve growth performance,carcass quality,and immune function,while also protecting and repairing organ damage,maintaining intestinal homeostasis,and enhancing meat quality and flavor.This article summarizes the physiological activity and mechanism of action of FA,and summarizes the research progress on the application of FA in livestock,poultry,and aquatic feed in recent years,providing references for the further development and application of FA in animal production practice.
The absorption and utilization of amino acids in animals is a complex dynamic process,the efficiency of which varies depending on animal species and differences in digestive system structure.In ruminants,amino acids are susceptible to rumen microbial degradation,thereby affecting their utilization efficiency in the small intestine.In monogastric animals,the asynchrony of amino acid release may result in some amino acids being excreted without being fully utilized.In aquatic animals,the solubility and stability of amino acids in water constrain their metabolic characteristics.The technology of sustained-release amino acids in feed regulates the release pattern of amino acids,which can improve animal growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility.This review summarizes the characteristics of amino acids absorption and utilization in digestive systems of different animal species,the processing technologies for sustained-release amino acids,and the application effects of this technology in the production of monogastric animals,ruminants,and aquatic animals.Special emphasis is placed on its impacts on feed utilization efficiency,production performance,and product quality.It aims to provide reference for the rational application of sustained-release amino acid technology in animal production.
Based on urban panel data in China from 2015 to 2024,this paper analyzes the impact of environmental regulations on the stability of the pig industry chain using the ordinary least squares method.It also examines the mediating effect of green technology innovation in the process by which environmental regulations influence the stability of the pig industry chain.The results showed that environmental regulations had a promoting effect on the enhancement of the stability of the pig industry chain,and this conclusion remained valid after passing robustness checks and addressing endogeneity issues.Green technology innovation played a significant mediating role in the promotion of pig industry chain stability by environmental regulations.There was significant regional heterogeneity in the impact of environmental regulations on the stability of the pig industry chain.The study shows that environmental regulations,by enhancing the level of green technology innovation,can promote the development of the industry towards scientific,large-scale,and pollution-free farming as well as slaughtering and processing.This effectively improves the stability of the industry chain while protecting the environment.In the future,the stabilizing effect of environmental regulations on the supply chain should be reasonably utilized to mitigate environmental issues arising from various segments of the pig industry and to promote research,development,and innovation in farming technologies,thereby enhancing the stability of the pig industry chain.
Against the backdrop of the'dual carbon'strategy,pig breeding industry as an important part of Chinese livestock husbandry,could play a significant role in ensuring food security and promoting farmers'income growth by enhancing its production efficiency.Based on the panel data of 25 provinces in China from 2008 to 2024,this article constructed a difference-in-differences model to empirically examine the impact of low-carbon policies on the efficiency of pig breeding.The results showed that the implementation of low-carbon policies was conducive to improving the efficiency of pig breeding,and this conclusion remains valid after passing the parallel trend test and a series of robustness tests.The mechanism test indicated that low-carbon policies promoted the efficiency of pig breeding through technological innovation.The study shows that promoting the low-carbon and efficient development of pig breeding,as well as promoting technological innovation and dissemination in pig breeding,can help the livestock industry transform towards a high-quality and sustainable direction.
The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of yeast hydrolysate on the growth performance,serum biochemical indices,and non-specific immune function of Litopenaeus vannamei.A total of 700 healthy Litopenaeus vannamei of similar weight were randomly divided into four groups,with five replicates per group and 35 shrimps per replicate.The control group was fed with basal feed,while the experimental groups were supplemented with 0.5%,1.0%and 2.0%yeast hydrolysate in the basal feed.The pre-test period was two weeks,and the formal test period was eight weeks.The results showed that compared with the control group,the final weight and specific growth rate of Litopenaeus vannamei in the experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).The weight gain rate,survival rate,and coefficient of condition in the 1.0%group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,there were no significant differences in crude fat,crude ash,and moisture concentrations in the experimental groups of Litopenaeus vannamei(P>0.05),the crude protein content in the 1.0%group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum of the 1.0%group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the total protein content was significantly increased(P<0.05).The albumin content in the experimental groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).The activities of lysozyme and acid phosphatase in the hepatopancreas of the 1.0%group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the superoxide dismutase activity in the 1.0%and 2.0%groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).The study shows that yeast hydrolysate can improve the growth performance,body composition and overall health of Litopenaeus vannamei.Considering all factors,the appropriate addition amount of yeast hydrolysate in the feed of Litopenaeus vannamei is 1.0%.
This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of tributyrin on the growth performance,diarrhea,and inflammatory cytokine levels in weaned piglets.A total of 240 aged 28 days' Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire' weaned piglets with similar body weights were randomly divided into four groups,with six replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups were supplemented with 0.1％(group 0.1),0.2％(group 0.2),and 0.4％(group 0.4)tributyrin in the basal diet,respectively.The pre-test period was seven days,and the formal test period was 28 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the weight gain and average daily gain of the group 0.2 were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the feed-to-gain ratio was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).The diarrhea rate was extremely reduced in the experimental groups(P＜0.01),and the diarrhea index was significantly reduced in groups 0.2 and 0.4(P＜0.05).The D-l act ate content in the serum was extremely decreased in groups 0.2 and 0.4(P＜0.01),diamine oxidase activity was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and tumor necrosis factor-αcontent was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).The interleukin-6 content in the serum was extremely decreased in group 0.2(P＜0.01).The interleukin-10 content in the serum was extremely increased in the experimental groups(P＜0.01).The mRNA relative expression levels of interleukin-6,interleukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the jejunum were significantly decreased in groups 0.2 and 0.4(P＜0.05),while the mRNA relative expression of interleukin-10 in the jejunum was significantly increased in the experimental groups(P＜0.05).The study shows that dietary supplementation with an appropriate amount of tributyrin can improve growth performance,reduce the diarrhea rate,and alleviate systemic inflammatory responses in weaned piglets.The optimal supplementation level of tributyrin is 0.2％.
This study aimed to optimize and scale up the purification process of total polyphenols from Elaeagnus angustifolia L.leaves(TPEAL),compare the in vitro antioxidant activity of the products before and after purification,and evaluate the in vivo antioxidant activity of the purified total polyphenols from Elaeagnus angustifolia L.leaves(TPPEAL).The optimal purification process for TPEAL was determined through static and dynamic adsorption-desorption experiments,followed by process scale up.The scavenging capacity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical was measured for the products before and after purification.By establishing an ethanol induced oxidative damage model in mice and administering TPPEAL by intragastric administration,relevant indicators were detected to evaluate its in vivo antioxidant activity.The results showed that the optimal process conditions using AB-8 macroporous resin were as follows:Sample solution at pH value of 2,sample volume of 4 BV,sample concentration of 1 600 mg/L(calculated based on total polyphenol content),and flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Elution was performed with 70％ethanol solution,elution volume of 8 BV,flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Under these conditions,the total polyphenol content of TPPEAL reached 52.96％,which was 3.75 times higher than that of the crude extract of total polyphenols from Elaeagnus angustifolia L.leaves(CETPEAL).Scale up experiments demonstrated that the total polyphenol content in TPPEAL did not significantly decrease with increased resin loading,indicating good process stability.In vitro antioxidant tests showed that the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of 0.5 g/L TPPEAL was 90.52％,1.19 times that of CETPEAL.In vivo experiments revealed that TPPEAL could effectively reverse ethanol induced oxidative damage,extremely increased liver index,serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activities,and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in model mice(P＜0.01),and extremely reduced serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content(P＜0.01).The study shows that the established purification process for TPEAL and its scaled up version are stable and feasible,and the purified product exhibits good antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo.
The agglomeration of the feed processing industry serves as a crucial pillar for the industry's modern development and holds significant importance for advancing Chinese modernization.From the perspective of Chinese modernization,the agglomeration of the feed processing industry demonstrates considerable value by promoting green development within the feed industry chain,facilitating circular development in the animal husbandry industry,and enhancing the stability of the agricultural product market economy.In terms of its inherent logic,the agglomeration of the feed processing industry helps strengthen resource integration across the industrial chain,drives the industry toward scale development,and accelerates the brand building of feed products.Therefore,this paper proposes the suggestion of providing new safeguards through 'industrial talent' and opening new pathways via 'digital transformation',aiming to offer references for the steady advancement of Chinese agglomeration of the feed processing industry.
Digital new quality productivity is the product of the deep integration and innovation of emerging digital technology and new quality productivity. It plays an important role in optimizing and restructuring production factors, accelerating the updating of digital technology and promoting industrial transformation. It has become an important driving force for the sustainable development of feed enterprises. There is a dialectical unity relationship between digital new quality productivity and sustainable development of feed enterprises in goal orientation and development path, and it provides a realistic basis for the development of feed enterprises from the aspects of technology and system. Facing Chinese modernization, digital new quality productivity has a significant enabling effect on the sustainable development of feed enterprises, and can enable the transformation and upgrading of feed enterprises through technological innovation breakthroughs, innovative element allocation optimization, and industrial format integration. In order to deepen the enabling role of digital new quality productivity, we should continue to accelerate the iteration of key technologies, strengthen industrial synergy, and optimize the allocation of innovative factors, so as to create a long-term mechanism for sustainable development and a new growth pole, promote feed enterprises to move towards novelty and sustainability, and inject lasting impetus into Chinese modernization.
Based on monthly dairy product price data in China from June 2018 to June 2025,this article conducts an empirical analysis using principal component analysis from three dimensions,supply,demand,and external environment,to explore the factors influencing price fluctuations in Chinese dairy market.The results showed that on the supply side,the purchase price of raw milk,raw milk production,and dairy farming costs had a relatively significant impact on price fluctuations in Chinese domestic dairy market.On the demand side,the price of soybean products and the per capita consumption level of national residents had a significant impact.On the external environment side,the level of socialization and the level of economic development were the main influencing factors.In addition,price fluctuations in the domestic dairy market would increase synchronously with the rise in prices of dairy substitutes(soy products)and the increase in dairy demand.The study shows that price fluctuations in Chinese dairy market are jointly influenced by multiple factors.Among these,production costs and output on the supply side,substitute prices and consumption levels on the demand side,and socio-economic factors in the external environment all play significant roles.
