According to the geomorphologic characteristics of the loess hilly and gully area in Linxian County,it is revealed that the terrain of Linxian county is as follows:it inclines from northeast to southwest,and the elevation difference of riverbank is 1267 m.Through the data analysis method,the regional profile is calculated,and the morphological changes of the foreshore beach of Linxian river are analyzed.Finally,an experimental study is carried out on the restoration of river shoreline erosion.The results show that the erosion amount reaches the maximum in July 2021 and June 2022,and the erosion amount in summer and autumn is greater than that in spring and winter,mainly due to the effect of waves on the beach,especially the SW wave is almost perpendicular to the shoreline and directly affects the beach.The innovative point of this study is to focus on the influence of the erosion rate of the beach in front of the opposite bank of the riprap protection project,in order to contribute to the study of shoreline erosion.
In order to solve the problem of water pollution caused by urban drainage system,this paper takes a river storage tank as the research object,analyzes and generalizes its rainwater pipe network planning,discusses the factors affecting the efficiency and safety of rainwater discharge.The research results show that:With the increase of reservoir storage capacity,pollutant reduction rate also increases.In order to achieve the best water quality improvement effect,the drainage volume of the effective volume of the storage tank should be increased as much as possible.The larger the storage capacity,the higher the pollutant removal rate.The effective volume of stormwater regulating pond plays an important role in improving the water quality of stormwater runoff.Stormwater regulating pond is a simple and effective measure to control initial stormwater pollution.
The transport and diffusion process of pollutants in urban rivers was analyzed,and the field data were obtained by the experimental method of placing fluorescent agent in a river,and a convective diffusion model was established to quantitatively describe the migration and mixing process of solute in a river.This model can predict the concentration of pollutants in the downstream river when the concentration of pollutants in the upstream river is known,so that the downstream water quality can be judged in time and the pollution control measures can be effectively taken.
随着淮南市田家庵城市建设发展,曹咀孜排水区可调蓄水面越来越小,地表径流系数变大,曹咀孜涵的排涝压力越来越大,同时城市排涝标准提高,现有曹咀孜涵标准不足,现状规模已不能满足使用要求.为了有效提高曹咀孜涵排涝能力,保障曹咀孜排水区内人民的生命财产安全,需要对淮南市田家庵区曹咀孜涵排涝工程进行重新规划和设计.
水库防洪能力受到多个因素影响,包括水库的防洪设计标准、上游洪水量以及水库过流能力等,各个参数的准确性对水库防洪能力的影响较大.结合某水库工程实际情况,对水库防洪能力进行复核分析.通过收集坝址区水文参数,确定水库设计洪水计算成果,并经合理性分析,水库设计洪水成果较为科学.根据防洪复核分析,要求水库大坝不得低于24.539 m,现有大坝防浪墙顶高程25.00 m,高出规范要求约0.46 m,水库防洪能力满足规范要求.
以修河武宁县甫田石渡段工程为研究对象,采用遥感、现场调查等方法对治理段河道现状进行调查.治理段河道总体蜿蜒曲折,宽窄不一,河床严重淤塞,河道岸坡极易被冲刷或浪蚀淘刷,既有堤防冲刷严重;因此,再治理工程需要采取合理的措施保障河道岸坡耐冲刷能力,通过方案比选干砌块石护坡具有良好的经济、技术效益.研究结果为类似河道治理提供参考.
基于河北省143个标准气象站2001年～2020年观测降水资料,采用回归克里格方法结合地理经度(lon)、纬度(lai)和海拔(alt)因素对该地降水量进行空间插值分析.研究表明,区域降水量具有显著经向和纬向地带性分异特征,并且与海拔呈显著负相关关系.站点降水量数据具有显著空间自相关性,其自相关范围约为7 km,拟合得到多元回归模型为y=-2486.65+39.46lon-32.44lai+0.29alt,其R2=0.51,P＜0.01.回归克里格插值显示区域降水量分布范围介于343.1mm～705.6mm,以实际观测值接近,得到的降水量插值结果在空间分布上符合河北省实际.
金沙江鲁地拉水文站位于金沙江,是鲁地拉电站重要控制站.水位～流量关系主要受电站开关闸放水、观音岩电站蓄水等影响,水位～流量非常复杂,水位流量关系汛期为单一线,蓄水期为绳套关系,流量测次很难控制.选取鲁地拉水文站2021年～2022年实测水位和流量资料,选用观音岩坝上水位作为落差控制站,采用综合试错法确定落差指数关系开展水位～流量关系单值化分析.最终确定关系参数,水位-流量关系单值化分析结果满足相关规范要求.
Based on the research on fish proliferation by constructing artificial fish nests in this area from 2021 to 2022,compare the effects of different materials,water temperature environment and other factors on the proliferation effect of artificial fish nests.The results show that the spawning matrix material,palm flakes,is better than PP rope in attaching sticky eggs,and the spawning effect of fish near the fish nest river is best when the water temperature is stable at 23° C.In order to provide reference and inspiration for the research and application of artificial fish nests,and promote the widespread application and promotion of artificial fish nests.
The Yang County section of the Hanjiang River is a national key water quality monitoring station,with a monitoring frequency of 12 times/a,and the water function zone control target is Category Ⅱ.The water quality monitoring data of the Yang County water quality monitoring section of the main stream of the Han River in Hanzhong City in the past five years from 2017 to 2021 were selected,and the fuzzy comprehensive index method(FCIM)was used to evaluate the water quality changes of the Yang County section,focusing on selecting the annual average of six major pollution indicators The water quality was evaluated according to the value,and the DO value evaluation method was revised at the same time,and compared with the results of the comprehensive index method and the Nemerow pollution index method.The results showed that the annual average water quality of the Yangxian section of the Hanjiang River was stable,in line with the water quality objectives of the water function zone,and was vague Comprehensive index method evaluation is more comprehensive and objective.
After more than 40 years of operation of a medium-sized irrigation project,the main canal,branch canal and their buildings that have not been reconstructed have been damaged to varying degrees,the channel foundation has subsided,and the section lining has been damaged by frost heaving,which has seriously affected the normal operation of the irrigation area.This time,the arc bottom trapezoid is used to reconstruct the channel section in the 1#～4# main canal that is seriously damaged and affects the normal operation of the project,The reconstruction scheme can provide technical reference and method reference for the continuation and reconstruction of this irrigation area and the same type of irrigation area.
以陕西省渭河生态区为研究对象,划分4个评估单元,分别就滩区动植物、湿地生境等进行现场监测调研,分析滩区生物状况.结果表明,陕西省渭河生态区滩区动植物赋分71.40、湿地生境赋分83.22,生态安全状况均为良好状态.通过滩区生物监测评估,为渭河水生态安全常态化评估及河道治理提供基础支撑.
南沟～魏塔片区主要包含南沟村现代农业示范园和魏塔万亩苹果产业示范区,属于安塞区具有代表性的多产业聚集地带,现状土地都已经整合完毕,苹果种植也已经完成,目前苹果产业已初具规模,高桥镇万亩苹果产业示范区已成为安塞区苹果产业靓丽的名片,但项目区内水土流失与范围内的产业发展所要求的环境差距极大,通过改善林草面积恢复、改良,新建梯田配套道路、山体植绿为主,修复项目区生态环境.
In order to study the relationship between canal lining structure and frost heave characteristics in Shilayuan irrigation district,the influence of lining form and lining structure design on frost heave characteristics of canal was discussed based on thermodynamic coupling simulation method.The results show that the variation of frost heave displacement in different lining forms is similar,and the distribution and variation characteristics of frost heave displacement peak value in the lining scheme at the bottom of the canal slope are most beneficial to the anti-frost heave design.It is concluded that the lining scheme should be water permeable at the bottom of the canal slope with a solid permeable width of 1 m～3 m.The results can provide reference for the comparison of canal lining design and parameter optimization.
陆丰市是农业大市,通过分析长系列逐月需水过程和供水过程,计算陆丰市2020年、2025年和2030年的水资源保证率.结果表明,随着经济发展,陆丰市需要的供水越来越多,现状供水工程无法满足未来用水总量需求,农业供水供应量缺口大,其中以乌坎河地区的问题尤为突出.
以宜春市四方井工程为例,探究帷幕灌浆技术在水利枢纽工程基础防渗中的应用效果.在帷幕灌浆施工中,树立全过程、精益化的管理理念,重点做好钻孔施工、成孔检查、压水试验、钻孔清洗、孔口封闭灌浆等方面的技术控制.同时,对于灌浆过程中可能出现的掉钻、回水减少、注浆压力突增等特殊情况,现场施工人员也要做到妥善处理.在帷幕灌浆结束后进行养护,养护完成后检查防渗效果.经检查,本工程中帷幕透水率的平均值为8.35 Lu,透水率比灌浆前最多降低了 4.03倍,并且各次序孔的透水率均匀,形成均匀连续的帷幕,达到了理想的防渗效果.
为制定合理的采砂规划方案,通过收集调查数据获取复州河河道演变及泥沙补给情况,规划内河道平面形态基本没有发生变化,但可以看出人为活动对河道岸线的影响.复州河下游河道仍然具有洪冲枯淤特性,河道内的泥沙主要来源于两岸支流的汇入,采砂基本为河道补给砂.经分析,采砂对河道河势稳定性、防洪安全、生态环境、涉河工程影响较小.
结合流域实际情况,对河道演变和河床稳定性进行分析.治理河段的河势总体上是稳定的,不会发生大的河槽变迁,凸岸淤积,凹岸冲刷.治理段河床纵向稳定系数均较大,说明河床纵向稳定较稳定,河道底坡可不做大的调整.治理河段河床为冲洪积砂卵砾石,现状河道主河槽宽度为88 m～320 m,结合金塔河现状河岸地形条件,最终选定本工程治理河宽为不小于88 m.
During the concrete construction process,appropriate measures need to be taken to control the internal temperature of the concrete to ensure the quality of concrete pouring.In order to select appropriate temperature control measures for gravity dam construction,numerical simulation analysis methods were used to analyze the temperature control effects of different construction plans.The results show that the use of cold water pipes can effectively reduce the internal temperature of concrete.When the cold water pipes are too dense,a large tensile stress can be formed on the concrete surface.When the tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete,tensile cracks can be formed on the concrete surface.According to numerical simulation analysis,the temperature control effect is best when the cold water pipes are arranged with a spacing of 2m × 1m,which can provide a reference for similar projects.
