The article substantiates the determinants of innovative inclusion of brand management of food enterprises on the basis of a benchmarking approach, which allows managing the capitalization of entities, assessing the sensitivity of brand capital to the volatility of domestic and global market prices. The method of comprehensive evaluation is presented and the classifier of the integral of objects of the internal and external environment of effective use of brand capital of food enterprises is developed. It has been proven that the economic effect of innovative activities of food enterprises is the main internal source of growth in their market value, provided that the negative market factors of the external environment are leveled. The model of the integration of brand capital into the general capitalization management system of the food enterprises is given. The rate of growth of capital investment in innovation is analyzed and the structure of financing inclusiveness of brand capital (intangible assets) of food enterprises of the Ukraine is determined. The global supply balance of the main groups of products to exporting countries and the level of volatility of world prices according to the FAO's food index are presented. Calculated correlation dependence of profit on interest futures spot contracts (USDC) of food enterprises on a set of variable indicators. The forecast value of capitalization (market value) of food enterprises of the Ukraine was determined due to the annual increase in the value of brand capital.
Sour cherry is a valuable fruit crop which is in demand on the European market. At present the interest to sour cherry fruits increases due to their high nutritional value and to sensory properties of a sour cherry. It promotes to the expansion of a cultivar assortment of a fruit crop and stimulates the acquisition of knowledge about the fruits quality. The purpose of the research was to develop the mathematical model for the forecasting of a formation of fruit and stone weight in sour cherry cultivars irrespective of the environmental conditions. The research was conducted during 2007-2019 in the conditions of a Southern- Steppe zone of Ukraine. Theoretical, measuring and weighing, statistical. For the study, fruits from 10 varieties of cherries in the stage of consumer ripeness (100 pieces) were selected from 3-5 typical trees. The fruits were weighed and the weight of one fruit was determined. The average cherry fruit weight during the years of studying equaled 5.93 g, and the average stone weight equaled 0.39 g. Three sour cherry cultivars (Siyanets Turovtseva, Griot Melitopolskyi and Vstrecha) with the biggest average weight of a fruit from 7.48 t & ocy; 7.87 g were chosen. The sour cherry cultivars Siyanets Turovtsevoi, and Vstrecha were characterized by a big fruit weight under optimal variability of 16.68% and 18.82% respectively. The cultivar Shalunia had the lightest stone weight in sour cherry fruits. The optimal correlation between the stone weight and the cherry fruit pulp (4.8%) was determined in a Vstrecha. According to a two-way analysis of variance, the dominating effects of the environmental conditions on the formation of a fruit weight and on the formation of a stone weight in fruits of sour cherry have been established. The average monthly precipitation in May and the average monthly air humidity during a year, which received the 1st and the 2nd ranks, had decisive effects on the formation of fruit and stone weight in the fruits of a sour cherry.
This study investigates the biofortification of apple juice with calcium and magnesium using eggshells and almonds as natural sources. Addressing the global issue of micronutrient deficiencies, our research offers a sustainable and economical solution. We fortified apple juice with essential minerals and conducted physicochemical analyses, confirming significant increases in calcium and magnesium content. The fortified juice showed enhanced antimicrobial activity and increased antioxidant capacity. Sensory evaluation indicated no significant difference in consumer acceptability between fortified and non-fortified juice. This approach not only improves nutritional value but also utilizes eggshell waste, aligning with sustainable development goals. The findings suggest that biofortified apple juice could be an effective strategy for combating micronutrient malnutrition and promoting public health. Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and consumer acceptance on a larger scale.
Even though green manuring is regarded as one of the promising tactics in the sustainable agricultural system, there is scanty investigate on effects integrating green manure with fertilizers, particularly in the red, unfertile soils. In study, influence of two green manure form of plants (Milk vetch besides Ryegrass) along with applied fertilizers to the total microbial populations, the microbial activity, the microbial biomass and the potential predicted function in the growth, and the incorporation time periods were evaluated. The fertilizer management strategies that were taken into the consideration in this study include the organic manure, humic acid, and mineral fertilizers. The results indicated that integrating green manure with organic fertilizers enhanced the bacterial community's alpha-diversity while the fungal community diversity was suppressed. Observations were made showing that green manure affected the growth and incorporation periods of the varying microbial populations that were found in the soil whereby taxa such as sulfur, nitrogen and carbon group were affected. Thus, this the boost of infertile red soil's microorganisms, and the fertilization process.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the elements that have an impact on the reduction of food waste in the hospitality industry in Saudi Arabia. These elements include the role of motivation, sustainable inventory management, and packaging functions. The study's overarching goal is to find ways to improve food waste reduction initiatives by gaining a better understanding of how these factors combine to influence waste management practices. A structured questionnaire was given to 253 Saudi responding hotel and restaurant employees and their inventory supervisors. This study uses scales developed in previous studies to measure the data. Stata-SEM was used in order to test the hypotheses and explore the variable correlations. The major mediator between waste reduction behaviour and motivation to minimize food waste was found to be sustainable inventory management. Other major moderators were packaging functions. These results tend to suggest that both internal motivating factors and external operational procedures are crucial in the managing of food wastes effectively. This paper has emphasized how motivation, inventory management, and packaging can help in reducing food waste. The paper intends to provide practical advice on waste management to the hotel industry, so that the industry could be made more sustainable and eco-friendly.
This study aims to formulate biscuits incorporating gluten-free millet flour. The wheat flour was substituted by millet flour at 10%, 20%, and 30% (w/w). The physical properties, the proximate composition, and antioxidant activity, including consumer acceptability, were evaluated. The results revealed a significant increase 2-fold in fibre content with slightly increased ash content. Biscuit diameter increased when millet flour increased due to less effect of gluten, relative to increased spread factor. In addition, the biscuit containing 30% millet flour had the darkest colour surface, and its texture was easy to break. There was an increase in the total phenolic content (TPC) (4.76 +/- 0.16 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity increased to 5.67 +/- 0.08 mu mol TE/g, and 13.60 +/- 1.22 mu mol TE/g as measured by DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. These improved the nutritional values of biscuits when substituted with millet flour at 30%. Furthermore, the most consumer acceptability was observed for the biscuits substituted at this level. Thus, millet flour can be used to substitute wheat flour at 30% in the development of nutritional butter biscuits.
Agriculture often faces the challenge of water scarcity, which pushes to the use of alternative water such as processed wastewater, and this practice gains attention for its potential to reduce water shortages while maintaining agricultural productivity, however, the use of processed wastewater has effects on soil properties and its content of macronutrients and crop health, so our study revealed the effect of processed wastewater on the soil content of micro and macro nutrients and their subsequent effects on the aubergine plant and its growth, as the study was designed according to completely randomized blocks. Considering the treated wastewater used in the irrigation of four treatments (0, 30%, 60%, 90%) and three replications and two stages in the presence of sterile organic fertilizer (animal waste) for the soil by 333 g / kg and the second (0) and the absence of organic matter (control treatment). The results of the study showed a significant increase in the elements of the soil extract and for all treatments compared to the control treatment and the level of addition was 30% significant effect in the concentration of nitrates as it reached 13.7 mg./kg, but the irrigation levels didn't influence calcium and phosphorus levels, while the level of 90% with organic material showed a significant increase in manganese, magnesium, ferric and zinc and in brome, nickel and copper without adding the organic substance. In addition, the irrigation level has affected eggplant leaves and roots; so, The effect of the level of 60% of processed water with organic matter in a significant increase of phosphorus, nitrate and magnesium concentrations in the roots of the plant as it reached 1.600, 2.937, 0.3370 mg / kg respectively and increased nitrates and calcium in the leaves compared to the control treatment. Level 90% irrigation has contributed to the significant increase ofbrome, zinc, copper, ferric and nickel in plant roots and stems. This increase, either in soil extract or plant parts, was within the authorized normal limits and didn't reach the critical or toxic limits that caused plant and soil contamination with these elements that would, in turn, affect humans and animals.
The study aimed to produce biscuit that fortified with three different concentrations of mixed antidiabetic medicinal plants including cinnamon, sage, moringa leaves, fenugreek, avarampoo, bitter gourd, panakilangu and ghritkumari for diabetic and evaluate the nutritional, antioxidant and antidiabetic characteristics of the biscuit. After preparation and baking of biscuit samples, a proximate composition, physical attributes, antioxidant and antidiabetic capacity such as phenol, flavonoid, ABTS scavenging capability, FRAP, alpha-amylase inhibition, alpha-glucosidase inhibition and glycemic index were measured. Our results demonstrated that the moisture, fat, carbohydrate content were found to significantly (p<0.05) decline as concentration of medicinal plant powder increased while the protein, fiber and ash content were found to significant (p<0.05) increase with increase the concentration of medicinal plant powder. According to the findings, the use of medicinal plants in high concentrations resulted in noticeably higher levels of phenol and flavonoid in addition to DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activities and FRAP values. alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes are highly inhibited by the medicinal plant biscuit. Fortifying biscuits with medicinal plants may play an important role in controlling sugar levels where a high level of alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition and antioxidants may result in a lower blood glucose level. This could be a trend for diabetes control in the future. Therefore, it is anticipated that the antidiabetic, antioxidant-rich biscuits made in this study will offer consumers many important health advantages.
This study investigates the influence of consumer knowledge of food security on personal hygiene practices, focusing on mediating roles of food safety concern and food cooking and storage practices and the moderating role of food safety regulatory efficiency. Conducted in the hotel industry, the research aims to advance understanding of consumer-driven food safety practices within restaurant settings. A quantitative survey-based approach was employed, collecting data from 255 restaurant consumers. Using well-validated scales from past research, the study measured consumer knowledge of food security, food safety concern, food cooking and storage, food safety regulatory efficiency, and personal hygiene practices. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to analyze relationships between variables, evaluate mediating and moderating effects, and assess the measurement and structural models' validity. The results confirmed that consumer knowledge of food security significantly influences personal hygiene practices. Food safety concern and food cooking and storage mediated this relationship, with a serial mediation effect also identified. Additionally, food safety regulatory efficiency moderated the primary relationship, strengthening the influence of consumer knowledge of food security on hygiene practices. The model demonstrated robust explanatory power, highlighting the critical roles of mediators and moderators in enhancing food safety behaviors. The research provides empirical evidence on the behavioral pathways linking food security knowledge to hygiene practices, offering valuable insights for the hotel industry, policymakers, and health authorities to strengthen food safety initiatives and regulatory frameworks.
Agricultural food production is important for global food security which supports their livelihood and maintains their economic stability. If the countries fail to address the issue of food production then it could lead to increased hunger, financial instability, and social unrest. Both agricultural factors and non-agricultural factors are essential for enhancing food production efficiency and resilience. Therefore, the study aimed to test the impact of agricultural and non-agricultural factors on food production values in Gulf countries. For this purpose, quantitative secondary data was collected from food and agricultural organizations and World Development Indicators from 2005 to 2023. Panel data from pooled, random, and fixed effect models were assessed and among those fixed and pooled models were selected. The regression results showed that agricultural land area, agricultural value-added, and employment in agriculture positively and significantly impacted food production values. Trade balance in agriculture also contributed positively and significant impact on food production value. Among non-agricultural factors, political stability, gross domestic product, and population have a strong positive and significant effect on food production value, while the inflation rate negatively affects food production values. These findings suggest that enhancing agricultural and non-agricultural factors is crucial for improving food production. The implications for policymakers include prioritizing investments in agricultural development, stabilizing trade, and addressing inflationary pressures to ensure sustainable food production and security. The study could also help other academicians or researchers to conduct their research in the future with an extended model.
The study investigated the influence of agricultural diversification on the diversified diets of households in Saudi Arabia. For this purpose, data were collected from Saudi Arabia Integrated Household Survey data from 2019 to 2023. Used longitudinal research design, quantitative research approach, and panel data statistical technique of pooled and fixed effects. The panel data results show that agricultural diversification has a significant impact on a household's food score and household's dietary diversity score. Production diversification also has a positive and significant impact on the household's food score and a negative and significant effect on household's diverse dietary score. Additional factors such as farm size, market distance, and income sources also influence the food diversification score, and market distance insignificant impact on the household dietary diversification score. Specifically, farm income positively impacts household food score, while non-farm income contributes significantly to both household food score and household diversified dietary score. The gender and age of the household head also have a significant impact on diversified household diets. The study with these significant findings emphasizes that in Saudi Arabia there should be strong agricultural policies that not only address the diversification of production in agriculture but also enforce to increase of non-farm income factors to enhance dietary diversity effectively. The study contributes novel insights into the effects of agricultural diversification on diversified diets in the Saudi context and offers implications for policy development.
To enhance healthy diets, food system policies should encourage and enable vegetable consumption. But in Mali, vegetable consumption is low and there is a need to understand the policy drivers of this. This study aims to analyze written food environment policies, and the perceptions of stakeholders around the challenges and policy priorities for enabling production and consumption of vegetables for healthy diets in Mali. Through a three-pronged qualitative approach, a document review of existing written policies; a stakeholders' NetMap workshop which gathered 15 participants; and 20 stakeholders' in-depth interviews were carried out and analyzed and synthesized through multiple steps. The results showed that many policies have been designed and implemented for food system improvement in Mali. These policies are mostly from governmental initiatives under the Ministry of Rural Development, with the financial support of donors. They are mostly oriented toward agricultural product supply in terms of quantity (availability) and on improving social protection, equity, and livelihoods, but with little attention paid to quality. Policy challenges include weak or no impact on high post-harvest losses, high use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, poor quality of the water used for vegetable production in the cities, and the lack of food marketing and promotion issues. These latter are worsened by weak adaptation strategies to climate change and the effects of insecurity in the north of the country, which has drawn most of the policy and investment focus during recent years. The study recommends creation of a specific policy targeting vegetable production and consumption through a food system lens, with a focus on pesticide and fertilizer regulation mechanism; post-harvest losses reduction; irrigation facilities promotion; and food marketing and promotion to positively impact vegetable rich diets environment.
This study investigates what factors stimulate the use of green production technologies in the agricultural sector of Saudi Arabia, drawing attention to its contribution to the factors of green development behavior, subjective norms towards AI, and environmental sustainability concerns to enhance agricultural performance. A quantitative cross-sectional design was applied to the study wherein data gathering was made possible with a sample of 239 Saudi farmers and other stakeholders in agriculture. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the application of Stata was used for explaining the given relationships: between agricultural technology adoption intention, green development behavior, subjective norms, perceived environmental sustainability concern, and agricultural performance. All of these measurement scales were adapted from previous reliable research sources. Findings of the study indicated that adoption of green production technology impacts agricultural performance. This study identified green development behavior as a key mediator. Subjective norms toward AI, while environmental sustainability concerns moderated relationships within this model. In general, the importance of social and environmental factors in shaping adoption intentions and agriculture outcomes was underlined. This paper extends the current literature on sustainable agriculture practices by exploring the unique factors driving the adoption of green technology in the farm-level context of Saudi Arabia. It finds there to be practical implications for policymakers on how to encourage sustainability in agriculture and on helping build social norms and raise environmental awareness among farmers to adopt green technology more effectively.
The use of precision agricultural technology has been shown to increase yields while de-creasing the farmer's exposure to risk. Despite women's important involvement in agriculture in many nations, there remains a technological gap between the genders. Particular focus on agriculture's essential role in alleviating poverty and hunger. The literature gap in precision agriculture technology adoption by women agripreneurs needs to be addressed. This study presents an integrative review of the literature aimed at identifying the factors that influence precision agriculture technology adoption among women and proposes rec-ommendations for mitigating the gap. The review highlights precision agriculture tech-nology adoption theories and various factors. Also, it discovered several social and policy implications, as well as training programs, to close the gap. The recommendations given to policymakers are to connect younger, technically-savvy women with older, less techni-cally literate women farmers to address the digital literacy divide. Future research can test the empirical relationship between precision agriculture technology adoption variables on women agripreneurs specifically on various technologies used in agriculture and find the viability. By addressing the gap women agripreneurs will be equipped to adopt precision ag-riculture technology and digital agriculture, which will ultimately benefit the rural farming community and achieve sustainability.
This study was conducted for two seasons 2021 and 2022 to investigate the influence of Putrescine (PUT) at 0.1 or 0.2%, Spermine (SPM) at 0.1 or 0.2% and Chitosan (CS) at 1000 or 2000 ppm and in addition untreated control on quality attributes and delaying ripening of cantaloupe fruits (cv Primal) during storage at 5 degrees C for 28 days. The results indicated that all treatments were effective in reducing weight loss and colour changes and maintained, fruit firmness, TSS, sugar content, total carotenoids and overall appearance of fruits and modified atmosphere (CO2 %, O2 % and ethylene ppm) inside the package as compared with untreated control. The cantaloupe fruits treated with PUT at 0.1 %, SPM at 0.1 % and Chitosan at 1000 ppm were the most effective treatments in maintaining quality and delaying ripening during all storage periods. However, samples treated with SPM at 0.1 % showed the best quality avoided the ripening, retarded the ethylene production and did not exhibit any changes in general appearance till the end of the storage period (28 days of storage at 5 degrees C), while PUT at 0.2%, SPM at 0.2 % and chitosan at 2000 ppm rated good appearance at 21 days of storage.
In southern Mexico, postharvest losses of grains are an important constraint in achieving food security and conservation of biodiversity. This study was conducted under field conditions to investigate the effect of prolonged storage on the grain quality of lima beans. Grain damage, moisture content, seed germination, and culinary quality were evaluated during six months of storage in hermetic containers and traditional methods. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and differences between treatments separated by Tukey. Both, the traditional storage method, and hermetic technologies allowed to limit the damage caused by insects and moulds for six months. The moisture content of grain in hermetic containers remained unchanged while polypropylene bags with lime decreased. The polypropylene bags with lime were able to maintain acceptable seed viability after six months of storage. The storage period significantly affected the culinary quality of lima beans, increasing the water absorption capacity and cooking time. Technical training on postharvest management is needed to reduce food losses and improve poverty and household food security. Further research is required to understand the effects of hermetic technologies and inert dust on stored product quality.
The Ministry of Agriculture is initiating the birth of millennial farmers as an alternative to accelerate farmer regeneration, including through the Youth Entrepreneurship and Employment Support Services Programme (YESS Programme). After seeing the background of youth unemployment, one of the issues that can be identified in the stakeholder analysis of the YESS program is the effectiveness of the program in addressing youth unemployment. Research related to stakeholder role analysis has been widely used for various programs, so it is also essential to conduct research for the YESS program to identify stakeholder roles in the development of the program. This research aims to identify the actors involved in implementing the YESS program and to identify and analyse stakeholder roles in the YESS program in the Pagelaran District of Malang Regency. The analysis technique used in this research is Stakeholder Analysis (Reed, 2009). There are 13 actors involved in the YESS program, with key players including millennial farmers, Young Facilitators, Trainers, DIT, Mentors, BDSP, Financial Advisors, Supporting Staff, and Mobilizers. Stakeholders acting as crowds are the District Government and Village Government. Stakeholders acting as subjects are Off-Takers and Banks.
The article discusses the benefits of minimum tillage, which involves loosening soil and applying fertiliser below the main crop. This method reduces the number of operations needed to cultivate row crops like soybeans, wheat, and others. The soil tillage research, namely the mathematical calculation and static analysis performed using the CAD system, revealed the loads that arise directly in the places where the soil deepener is attached to the supporting structure's frame. Moreover, it also shows all the points that can be subjected to loads, such as the back of the deep tillage stand, the attachment point of the arrow -shaped coulter, and including spreader plate used for wide fertiliser delivery. Based on mathematical calculations, the calculated loads for soil deepeners were 2500 N per tool. CAD modelling enabled us to determine the form and details of the working tool, analyse the design integrity, identify structural deformations, and determine important indicators such as maximum load and safety factors. The obtained values indicate that the selected materials and fastening methods will satisfy the operating conditions obtained by calculation.
Edible film is an eco-friendly packaging innovation that can be a solution in dealing with the plastic waste problem. Apart from that, edible film is expected to have antimicrobial properties that can extend packaged food products' shelf life. Wuluh starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.), a tropical plant from Southeast Asia that contains organic acid compounds, functions as an antimicrobial that can be added to edible films. This research aims to determine the effect of wuluh starfruit juice addition in making the edible film in terms of its micro-bacterial and physicochemical properties. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatment levels and five replications was used as the experimental design. The results showed that the treatment with the addition of 4% wuluh starfruit juice (Treatment C) with an antibacterial value of the disc method of 1.28 mm was the most optimal treatment because the bacterial inhibitory power at this concentration increased the most optimally compared to other treatments. The physicochemical characteristics of the treatment C edible file are moisture content of 17.29 %; thickness of 0.55 mm; water vapour transmission rate of 60.01 g/m2/day; solubility of 42.79 %; tensile strength of 22.29 kgf/cm2; elongation of 44.47 %; and pH of 6.23.
Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid and glucose. This enzyme is of importance due to its numerous applications in many fields, such as in the food industry by enhancing tea and coffee flavour and improving the quality of fruit juices rich in tannins. Gallic acid is applied in the drug industry, and production of antioxidants is used in the oil industry. In this study, Tannase was produced by locally isolated Bacillus licheniformis using spent tea as substrate using submerged fermentation. The crude enzyme was extracted and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes at 15 degrees C, and a partial purification was carried out using precipitation by ammonium sulphate 80%, then Sephadex G-75 gel filtration column (2.2x1.8 cm) with acetate buffered solution (0.2 M, pH 5.0) at a flow rate of 60 ml/h up to 3.16 fold with a specific activity reaching 0.931 IU/mg(unit of enzyme per mg). The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was determined to be 48 kDa using SDS-PAGE. Thus, the purification step is a step before applying the pure enzyme in the food industry.
