This quantitative study investigated the fitness and recreational activities of employees at Camarines SurPolytechnic Colleges in the Philippines. Utilising a descriptive survey research design, data were collected from 100respondents, comprising 74 academic and 26 administrative personnel selected through total enumeration sampling. Astructured questionnaire gathered information on demographic profiles, participation levels, perceived benefits, andchallenges encountered. Data were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, and weighted means. Results showedthat most participants were female, aged 26 to 31 years, single, and primarily from the academic sector. Emotional andphysical well-being were identified as the most significant benefits, while work commitments, lack of time, and familyresponsibilities emerged as the main barriers. The study recommends an institutional wellness program to promotestructured fitness opportunities, encourage participation, and support employee well-being. Findings highlight thecrucial role of organisational support in fostering a healthy and balanced work environment.
The abrupt shift to online and flexible learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored bothopportunities and persistent challenges in higher education. This study investigated the experiences of undergraduatestudents in a state college in the Philippines, within the policies of the Commission on Higher Education involving n=1,558undergraduate students. Focusing on barriers such as unstable internet access, limited digital infrastructure, overwhelmingworkloads, and insufficient feedback practices. Using a quantitative design supported by interviews, the research highlightshow inequitable access, technological limitations, and heavy academic demands contribute to stress, disengagement, andreduced learning motivation. Findings reveal that online education cannot succeed by relying solely on digital deviceownership or content delivery, rather, requiring supportive structures, dialogic feedback, and learner-centred approachesthat balance rigour with student well-being. Addressing infrastructure gaps, refining assessment practices, and fostering socialpresence emerge as crucial strategies for ensuring equitable and meaningful participation in flexible learning environments.
This study assessed the writing skills of second-year Bachelor of Science in Office Administration(BSOA-2) students enrolled in Business Report Writing and Business Communication courses at Camarines SurPolytechnic Colleges. A descriptive research design was used to examine students' writing performance in terms oforganisation, formatting, referencing, and development of ideas, as well as the writing difficulties they encounteredand their awareness of written report rubric criteria. 60 BSOA-2 students participated in the study, with data gatheredthrough questionnaires and writing assessment rubrics. Results showed that students demonstrated an intermediatelevel of writing skills, with common difficulties in sentence structure, idea development, and grammatical accuracy.Students were found to be moderately aware of writing standards and rubric criteria. Based on the findings, instructionalmodules were developed to enhance students' business writing and communication skills.
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Genre-Based Instruction (GBI) in enhancing paragraph writing skills among college students. The research employed a mixed-methods approach using a pre-test and post-test design with 120 students over one academic semester, focusing on explicit instruction in academicgenres and effective paragraph features. The principal observation revealed a significant quantitative improvementin student performance, confirmed by a paired-samples t-test showing a substantial mean score increase from pre-test(M=16.77) to post-test (M=24.82), with high statistical significance (p < 0.001). Additionally, qualitative analysisindicated enhanced student engagement, genre awareness, and writing confidence. The findings underscore thepedagogical value of Genre-Based Instruction in improving academic writing skills. The study recommended theintegration of GBI into writing curricula, the provision of sustained teacher training in genre pedagogy, and furtherresearch into its effectiveness across diverse student populations and disciplinary contexts.
The intensification of academic workloads, performance expectations, and digital teaching demands has increased work-life imbalance experienced by faculty members within Indian higher education institutions. While prior studies largely conceptualise work-life balance as an individual concern, the present study examines it as an outcome of strategic HRM initiatives. Drawing on the Work Demands-Resources framework, the study investigates how strategic HRM initiatives affect work-life equilibrium and work effectiveness through work demands and work resources. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was adopted, and data were collected from faculty members teaching in commerce and management colleges in Gujarat, India, using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised standardised scales measuring strategic HRM practices, job-related requirements, and available job-related resources, work-life equilibilium, and job effectiveness. Data were analysed with the help of descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, mediation analysis, along with structural equation modelling. Results indicate that strategic HRM strategies enhance work-life equilibrium by reducing work demands along with strengthening job resources, thereby improving faculty job effectiveness.
In this descriptive-analytic study, the factors that may have a relationship with the academic performanceof veterinary students were explored. Everyone from 258-student population in a public college in the Philippines wasinvited, with 181 (70.16%) validated responses. An online survey gathered data on their demographic profile andperception on Likert scale statements under personal, curricular and psychological dimensions. In personal factors,respondents believe they have adequate diet, time management, financial resources, and family communication, buthave non-conducive living conditions and unreliable internet. In academic factors, they show strong academic engagementand receive adequate curricular and institutional support. For psychological factors, they have firm motivation andoptimism for their goals. Male students perceived their living conditions, sleep adequacy, and anxiety to be bettercompared to female students. These findings imply the need for institutional policies aimed at strengthening digitalinfrastructure and establishing structured well-being programs for veterinary students.
Since the 1990s, Mongolian higher education has expanded significantly through privatisation, marketisation, and massification, alongside national efforts to meet international standards. Although joint degree programs are often highlighted as part of internationalisation strategies in institutional strategic plans, their implementation remains limited in Mongolian universities. This study examines the motivations and challenges of implementing such programs using quantitative data from 88 respondents at Mongolian universities. Compared with results from the Council of Graduate Schools, motivations related to recruiting international students, faculty interest, and administrative support for internationalisation are relatively lower in Mongolian universities. Using 22 questionnaire items, the study assessed challenges through standard deviation, linear regression, and Cronbach's alpha. Regression analysis indicated that ensuring program sustainability is the most influential factor in student recruitment for joint degree programs. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships among teaching methodologies, resolving grading and evaluation differences, and maintaining program quality assurance and standards.
The study aims to explore and prepare future nurses in navigating challenges and understanding the environment of an Operating Room. The study was a descriptive-correlational investigation of Level III nursing students' preparedness in perioperative at Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges (AY 2023-2024) and the effect of demographic variables on it. The data were collected through a researcher-administered questionnaire, and a validated questionnaire was used which sampled 204 random students. Findings revealed that the majority of the interviewees were women, who were 20 years old, and had little readiness to pre-, intra-, and post-operative procedures with almost half reporting that they were strongly influenced by the factors. Chi-square tests showed that there is no significant relationship between age or sex and preparedness. The results indicate the significance of standardised perioperative education, evidence-based learning resources, simulation-based activities, and specific interventions to enhance clinical competence and communication abilities in the operating room.
This study aimed to examine the socio-economic conditions of marginalised households in selected barangays of Camarines Sur, Philippines. A descriptive-quantitative research design using purposive random sampling was employed using structured survey questionnaires administered to 136 respondents. The findings revealed that most respondents were young adults, predominantly male, single, and had attained only a high school education. Households are generally of four to five members with limited and unstable income. The pandemic adversely affected employment and income levels, with many experiencing job loss and only partial financial recovery, having limited government support. The most pressing needs identified were employment opportunities, financial aid, and improved healthcare services. The study concludes that marginalised households in Camarines Sur continue to face socio-economic difficulties aggravated by the pandemic. Strengthening livelihood programs, expanding educational opportunities, and enhancing the efficiency and transparency of social service delivery are essential steps toward achieving long-term socio-economic resilience for these communities.
A Descriptive-comparative study examined the relationship between Senior High School Strand selection, particularly STEM and non-STEM, and the Calculus I performance of first-and second-year BS Mathematics and BS Applied Mathematics students at Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges. Using a peer-reviewed teacher-made test that covered major Calculus I topics, that is, Limits and Continuity, Derivatives and Differentiation, Applications of Derivatives, and Indefinite Integrals and Application, data were gathered through total enumeration. Statistical analyses employed included Kruskal-Wallis H-Test, DSCF post hoc Test, and Brunner-Munzel Test. Results showed that STEM strand students outperformed their non-STEM counterparts, highlighting stronger preparedness and advantage in college-level Calculus. This underscored a noticeable gap between the two groups. To address this disparity, the study recommends the implementation of bridging programs for non-STEM graduates who intend to pursue mathematics-oriented degree programs, thereby enhancing their readiness and improving performance in foundational college mathematics.
Academic resilience has emerged as a critical construct in understanding student persistence and success in higher education. This study investigated the academic resilience of business students in higher education institutions in the Philippines, examining its dimensions of confidence, social support, adaptability, and purposefulness, as well as their associations with selected personal and socio-economic characteristics. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, survey data were collected from three hundred and sixty-two (362) randomly selected business students. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that students demonstrated high levels of academic resilience across all dimensions despite predominantly low-income family backgrounds and limited parental educational attainment. Significant relationships were identified between selected profile variables and academic resilience. Based on the results, a multi-modal learning continuity plan was proposed to further enhance academic resilience among business students in higher education institutions.
This study aimed to formulate a theory explaining the transition of a student journalist to a professional journalist. A qualitative design using Constructivist Grounded Theory was employed. Twelve professional journalists were selected through purposive sampling and participated in in-depth interviews. Data were analysed using constant comparative procedures to generate categories that describe the process of journalistic development. Findings led to the formulation of the Adaptive Journalistic Growth Theory, which explains that the transition is not linear but cyclical and dynamic. The theory consists of six interconnected components of Weaving the Foundation, Refining Skills, Hindering Factors, Countermeasures, Triumphs in the Journey, and Encountered Setbacks. The results indicate that professional growth in journalism involves continuous adaptation shaped by experiences, challenges, and achievements. The theory provides a framework that may guide journalism education, training, and professional development.
The integration of global citizenship education into history teaching is critical for equipping learners with the key skills, knowledge and competencies required to make the world a better place. This qualitative single-case study explored how high school history teachers in Zimbabwe incorporate GCED into their lessons. Based on transformative learning theory, the research was conducted in five high schools in Zimbabwe with ten teachers sampled using convenience sampling. Data collection included document analysis, lesson observations and semi-structured interviews, which were analysed thematically. The results revealed that there is a need for improved teaching resources and a thorough curriculum review to embed the GCED framework in the Zimbabwean history syllabus. Therefore, the study recommends that the Zimbabwean government allocate more resources to organising workshops and training sessions. It also offers valuable insights into effective strategies for implementing the GCED framework and enhancing teaching methods to integrate GCED into the curriculum.
Mathematics anxiety has emerged as a significant concern in secondary education across the world due to its adverse effects on students' engagement, confidence and academic performance. Given its significance, a crosssectional descriptive survey was conducted to determine the level of mathematics anxiety among secondary students attending government schools in the Salem district of Tamil Nadu, India, with regard to gender, school locality, and medium of instruction. A convenience sampling technique was used to select 390 students from Class 9 from various government schools. A self-developed mathematics anxiety scale was used to collect data from the students, and the collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The findings showed that most secondary students had moderate to high levels of mathematics anxiety. The study offers some useful recommendations to mathematics teachers and curriculum planners to address students' mathematics anxiety in secondary schools.
Effective communication is essential in local governance, especially for barangay secretaries, whose roles involve drafting official documents and maintaining records. This study assesses the grammar skills of barangay secretaries in Naga City, to identify areas for improvement and propose a tailored training program. The research employs a descriptive design, combining quantitative and qualitative methods evaluating proficiency in grammatical areas of punctuation, verb tenses, sentence structure, and subject-verb agreement. The research was participated in by all the 27 barangay secretaries. Findings reveal that while barangay secretaries demonstrate basic grammar knowledge, significant gaps exist in punctuation and verb tenses, which can affect the clarity and professionalism of their written communication. Preferences for training indicate a strong inclination toward interactive workshops and monthly sessions, emphasising practical application and regular reinforcement. The study concludes with a proposal for a targeted grammar training program enhancing administrative efficiency and improving the quality of written communication in local governance.
This study developed and validated a contextualised instructional material for the Legal Office Procedures course under the Bachelor of Science in Office Administration program in the Philippines. The study addressed the issue of limited availability and partial alignment of existing instructional resources with the competency requirements set by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), particularly in relation to contemporary legal office practices. Guided by the ADDIE (Analyse, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate) model, the research employed a descriptive-comparative and developmental design. Data were collected through purposive sampling from 130 fourth-year BSOA students and 5 instructors to assess the availability and alignment of existing materials. Identified gaps informed the design and development of an instructional material aligned with the description and competency expectations of the Legal Office Procedures course. The developed resource was subjected to two rounds of expert validation by a panel of 15 jurors, including legal practitioners, court personnel, and instructors. The material received very satisfactory ratings across all evaluation domains, indicating its pedagogical soundness and readiness for instructional use.
This study explores the integration of technology in teaching Filipino to college students, aiming to identify effective practices, challenges faced by educators, and the impact on student engagement and learning outcomes. Through a case study approach, the research examines how educators utilise digital tools and platforms to enhance Filipino instruction, focusing on interactive resources, multimedia, and collaborative technologies. Findings indicate that technology significantly boosts student engagement, improving retention and participation, while also fostering better learning outcomes through instant feedback and accessible resources. However, challenges such as technical issues, limited device access, and distractions were noted. The study recommends ongoing professional development for educators, investment in infrastructure, and a balanced approach to blending traditional and digital teaching methods. These insights contribute to optimising technology use in Filipino classrooms, promoting a more engaging and effective learning environment for students.
This study examined the organisational commitment of employees at Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges (CSPC) as a key driver of its transition toward university status under Republic Act No. 11283 (2019). Using a descriptive-correlational research design, the study assessed the affective, continuance, and normative commitment of 220 teaching and non-teaching personnel selected through Slovin's formula. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from Meyer and Allen's Three-Component Model of Organisational Commitment, supplemented by unstructured interviews for qualitative validation. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed for data analysis. Findings revealed high affective commitment, indicating strong emotional attachment, pride, and willingness to remain in the institution. Continuance and normative commitment levels were moderate, reflecting employees' recognition of personal investment, institutional growth, and moral obligation to serve. Significant relationships were observed between commitment dimensions and selected demographic variables, particularly tenure and employment status. Overall, the results indicate a stable and value-driven workforce capable of supporting institutional reforms, highlighting the importance of strengthening participatory governance, recognition systems, and professional development to sustain CSPC's readiness for universityhood.
The aim of this work was to portray and compare the learning achievement of Grade 4 students in mathematics subjects for improvements in curriculum developments and improved practices. The research employed a norm-referenced assessment approach to compare performance trends across different populations and geographical areas by concentrating on relative outcomes. Data of 10,578 Grade 4 students from 633 schools was critically analysed. Findings revealed that students had lower scores in Statistics and Probability items across all content areas of mathematics. Additionally, the highest score was observed in each of the knowing and reasoning domains. Students' average score in the applying and reasoning domain suggests that although students may comprehend mathematical concepts, they have difficulty applying them to solve problems. It emphasises the importance of focused teaching methods to improve students' ability to effectively utilise scientific concepts. On the basis of these findings, several implications were also outlined.
This study examines how gender dynamics and institutional patterns shape the professional landscape of special education teachers in Manipur, India. A cross-sectional research design was employed, using a census survey of 250 teachers across 23 registered special institutions. Data collected through a structured questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics to examine professional background, qualifications, subject specialisation, institutional type, and rural-urban placement that influence educational equity. The findings highlight pronounced feminisation, with women comprising 84.8 percent of special educators, concentrated in urban areas (55.66%) and private institutions (88.7%). Gender segregation persists, with males dominating science teaching (65.8%) while females largely teach Arts (61.7%). Urban regions account for 54.8 percent of the workforce, indicating a moderate geographic imbalance. The findings suggest that gender and institutional disparities impact professional equity and educational quality, underscoring the need for targeted policy reforms to enhance training, infrastructure, and community engagement in Manipur.
