La degradación de los ecosistemas ribereños pone en peligro la resiliencia ecológica a largo plazo, lo que justifica la implementación prioritaria de enfoques de restauración integrados. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue diagnosticar la composición florística y evaluar la calidad de las riberas en un tramo del río Guaninicum, ubicado en el municipio de San Luis, provincia de Santiago de Cuba. Para ello se aplicó la metodología del índice QBRy, para proponer un plan de manejo orientado a la restauración ecológica de la vegetación riparia Los resultados mostraron que la cobertura vegetal en la margen derecha alcanzó un 45% (0,90 ha), mientras que en la margen izquierda fue del 35% (0,62 ha). Se identificaron un total de 19 especies vegetales, de las cuales 7 son introducidas y 4 se consideran invasoras. La aplicación del índice QBRy reveló una puntuación promedio de 27 puntos, lo que clasifica al tramo en un estado de Pésimo. Con base en estos hallazgos, se propone un plan de manejo estructurado en cinco criterios estratégicos: reforestación, enriquecimiento de la vegetación, tratamiento silvícola, extensionismo y protección participativa. Los resultados subrayan la urgente necesidad de intervención para recuperar la funcionalidad ecológica de este ecosistema ripario, garantizando su conservación y sostenibilidad a largo plazo. Palabras clave: cobertura vegetal, índice QBRy, plan de manejo, vegetación riparia
La gestión separada del conocimiento y de la innovación limita la capacidad de las empresas agroforestales para convertir experiencia, información científica y aprendizaje productivo en resultados económicos, ambientales y sociales. Por esto el objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar un procedimiento integrado para gestionar el conocimiento y la innovación en empresas estatales agroforestales cubanas. Para su ejecución se empleó la metodología de la investigación cualitativa como parte de esta se aplicó el método sistémico y de modelación concretada, en las técnicas de análisis documental y análisis de contenido. Como resultado se obtuvo un procedimiento que se estructura en siete etapas y 32 pasos: gobernar; diagnosticar; aprender a identificar oportunidades; gestionar ideas y cartera; desarrollar proyectos y soluciones; generalizar; y mejorar. Como principal conclusión, se demuestra que el procedimiento integrado conecta problemas y oportunidades con conocimiento crítico, proyectos, adopción, protección, impacto y aprendizaje, ofreciendo una arquitectura trazable, gradual y compatible con los sistemas de gestión de las empresas agroforestales.
Tropical forests store approximately 25% of global terrestrial carbon, making them central actors in climate change mitigation and potential beneficiaries of Payments for Ecosystem Services. This research quantified the carbon stored in aboveground and belowground biomass of two forests at different successional stages: El Mulo, a regenerating forest, and Las Peladas a mature forest, both located in the Sierra del Rosario Biosphere Reserve, Cuba. Nine 500 m2 plots were established, five in Las Peladas and four in El Mulo. Diameter at 1.30 m >= 5 cm and total height were measured for all tree individuals. Biomass was estimated using an allometric equation incorporating diameter and height. Estimated stored carbon was 34.65 t CO 2 ha-1 in El Mulo and 104.32 tCO2 ha-1 in Las Peladas. dominated in El Mulo with 37.2% of total carbon, while Matayba oppositifolia (A. Rich.) Britton was key in Las Peladas with 22.4%. Economic valuation under a conservative range of 10-20 USD tCO 2 2-1 yielded a potential value per plot of up to 1,521 USD for Las Peladas, equivalent to a historical stock of 44,000-88,000 USD for the entire core area. The value of mature forests for carbon sequestration is confirmed, and differentiated management, annual monitoring of sequestration, and certification under voluntary standards are recommended to access carbon markets.
This study was conducted at the Pandico sawmill, located in Jer & oacute;nimo Monteiro, Espirito Santo, Brazil, and aimed to evaluate the quality logs and sawn timber from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Toona ciliata M. Roem var. australis. Fifty logs of each species were selected to determine their main defects. The main aspects defining the quality of the sawing process were determined through statistical process control. The Eucalyptus camaldulensis logs exhibited 3 defects per m2 of surface area, a higher number than Toona ciliata logs, which had 1 defect per m2. This difference is primarily related to a greater number of splits at the ends of the logs. In the sawn pieces of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, oversizing is observed in relation to the critical dimension of 2.9601 mm per piece. Considering the final dimension of the 20 mm pieces, the oversizing is even greater, reaching 4.1152 mm, which implies a considerable volume of wood loss. For the 40 mm thick Toona ciliata assortment, oversizing is also evident, as the critical and optimal dimensions are defined as 41.7877 mm and 45.3265 mm, respectively, which corroborates the oversizing in the process. The use of control charts is a suitable tool for making decisions aimed at improving the quality of the sawn timber.
With the objective of characterizing tree species, research was carried out in agroecosystems of the Demographic Polygon for the Conservation and Improvement of Soil, Water and Forest, of the Guisa municipality, Granma. To list the tree species present, rectangular plots of 20 x 25 m (500 m2) were randomly established. All arboreal individuals were inventoried at the museum sites. The species were classified according to their potential for use, category of presence and state of mildness. It is possible to know that 60 tree species belonging to 52 genera coexist, distributed among 28 botanical families. The best represented families were: Fabaceae with 11 species and 10 genera; Anacardiaceae with 4 species and 3 genera; Meliaceae and Sapotaceae . Endemism represented only 1.6% (1 species), although 7 are categorized as present, but predominantly indigenous, 37 naturalized, 5 non-indigenous but possibly naturalized, 10 widely cultivated and 1 occasionally cultivated on the ground. It was determined that 33.33% fell into some threat category: Protium cubense (Rose) Urb., endemic species categorized as Dangerous; Lysyloma Sabicu Benth., Piscidia piscipula (L.) Sarg., Malpigia glabra L. threatened species; Calycophyllum candidissimun (Vahl) DC., which is often threatened, is present in a greater number of species in the category of minor concern. There was a greater wealth of plants with a predominance of medicinal, wooden, food and ecological shade and ornamental functions. The demonstration polygon constitutes another measure for the conservation of in situ biological biodiversity, with functions and services associated with the ecosystems.
