This study aimed to evaluate whether full-spectrum cannabidiol-rich extract (FS-CBD) prevents UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis through the modulation of endocannabinoid receptors and inflammatory pathways in HaCaT keratinocytes and CD-1 et/et mice. In vitro, UVB exposure increased cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) expression by approximately 83
Photocatalytically reducing CO2 is a mild and sustainable pathway for transforming greenhouse gases into value-added chemical compounds and fuels by utilizing renewable light energy. Herein, Ag-decorated NH2-MIL-125(Ti) composite compounds (denoted as Ti-MOF-xAg) with engineered metal-semiconductor interfaces were rationally fabricated via UV-assisted photodeposition. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated in a gas-solid CO2/H2O (vapor) system under UV irradiation. All Ti-MOF-xAg samples exhibit markedly better photocatalytic properties in comparison to Ag-free NH2-MIL-125(Ti). Ti-MOF-5Ag achieves the optimal performance, delivering an accumulated 218 & micro;mol & centerdot;g- 1 CO yield and 26.4 & micro;mol & centerdot;g- 1 CH4 yield within 180 min, together with apparent quantum yield and energy return on energy invested values of 7.40 parts per thousand and 2.71 parts per thousand, respectively. The catalyst also maintains stable performance over consecutive cycling tests, exhibiting excellent robustness and stability. Systematic spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses reveal that the performance enhancement originates primarily via the Schottky junction at the Ag/NH2-MIL-125(Ti) interface driving directional photogenerated electron transfer from the NH2-MIL-125(Ti) LUMO to Ag and promoting electron accumulation on Ag active sites. This interfacial electron extraction effectively suppresses charge recombination and accelerates the CO2 reduction process. This work highlights noble-metal interfacial engineering as an effective strategy to boost the gas-phase CO2 photoreduction capability of Ti-based MOFs.
The significant carbon footprint and energy demand of the photocatalytic ammonia system necessitates high catalytic activity, efficient catalyst recovery, and reuse under mild conditions. In this work, we demonstrate efficient visible-light-driven ammonia synthesis using metal-free thermally exfoliated carbon nitride (GCN-T) immobilized on a 3D-printed support (GCN-T/3D). Under visible-LED irradiation (435 nm) and mild heterogeneous reaction conditions, this sustainable, environmentally friendly photocatalyst facilitates improved nitrogen (N2) activation, emphasizing its potential for effective recovery and reuse in ammonia production. The GCN-T photocatalyst-based process generated 334 µmol.gcat−1 h− 1 ammonium (NH4+) solution when glycerol was used as a hole scavenger, which is approximately three times higher than the rates reported for other GCN-based catalysts. FTIR-ATR, photoluminescence, photoelectrochemical, and UV-Vis DRS analyses were conducted to characterize the prepared catalysts. BET analysis showed that applying a second thermal treatment to GCN material increased the pore volume, thereby improving N2 adsorption across the catalyst surface and photogenerated carrier separation. Remarkably, the 3D structure with the immobilized catalyst increased the rate of NH4+ generation and enabled at least 4 reutilization runs without loss of activity. An apparent quantum efficiency of 0.020
Optical detection of singlet oxygen in cells affects the investigated cells and potentially, photosensitization skews the observed results, since the generated singlet oxygen undergoes chemical reactions with cellular quenchers. For this reason, the illumination intensity has to be kept low during a measurement to avoid killing and destruction of the investigated cells. The scope of this paper is to show, that scanning detection can meet both, sufficient sensitivity and low illumination dose, for adherent cells in 6-well plates. The individual illumination dose for cells under investigation is reduced by distributing it among a large number of adherent growing cells. Adherent cell lines were investigated with regard to singlet oxygen production by means of simultaneous fiber-coupled irradiation at 635 nm and singlet oxygen phosphorescence detection. Singlet oxygen kinetics could be measured in two different cell types incubated with different photosensitizers, by scanning a major part of the area of a confluent layer of cells in a well. In each case, singlet oxygen signals kinetics could be observed and analyzed. Incubation with increasing amounts of photosensitizer did correlate to the determined signal amplitude and photosensitizer triplet decay times. Focused excitation and observation in combination with scanning across the whole well results in successful determination of singlet oxygen kinetics from incubated adherent cells without detaching them. Further development is required to reduce artifacts, likely originating from scattered excitation light.
