To investigate the effects of subacute ammonia nitrogen stress on the growth, antioxidant capacity, and innate immunity of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama ambrycyphala), a sample of fish (average body weight 6.55 ± 0.24 g) was divided into three groups: a control group (G1), a 10% LC50 ammonia nitrogen stress group (G2), and a 20% LC50 ammonia nitrogen stress group (G3). The fish in G1 were reared in tap water with aeration. The fish in G2 were reared in water with 6.82 mg/L ammonium chloride at 10% LC50. The fish in G3 were reared in water with 13.64 mg/L ammonium chloride at 20% LC50. The feeding period was 4 weeks. Then, the growth, antioxidant, and immune response parameters of the fish were analyzed. The results showed that the median lethal concentration (LC50) of the ammonia nitrogen solution for blunt snout bream juveniles at 96 h was 68.18 mg/L. The final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate (SGR), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), albumin, globulin, acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of fish in the stress groups were significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05); however, the MDA content of fish in the control group was significantly lower than that of those in the stress groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the relative expression levels of the GHRa, GHRb, IGF1, and IGF2 genes in the muscles of fish in the stress groups were significantly downregulated compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The relative expression levels of the SOD, CAT, Leap1, and Leap2 genes in the liver of fish in the stress groups were significantly lower than those in fish in the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, subacute ammonia nitrogen stress inhibited growth performance and decreased the antioxidant capacity and immunity of blunt snout bream.
l -amino acid oxidases (LAOs) oxidatively deaminate l -amino acids and generate H 2 O 2 . Recently, a novel LAO was isolated from the red-spotted grouper Epinephelus akaara serum (EaLAO) and it showed antibacterial activity via H 2 O 2 . The enzymatic activity of EaLAO was normally suppressed in blood and was activated by mixing it with seawater. This phenomenon suggested that EaLAO may stand by as an inactive form in the body, and it functions as an antibacterial protein at the bleeding trauma sites. For pathogen protection by EaLAO at the wound site, instant H 2 O 2 production is essential. In this work, the substrate source of EaLAO and the H 2 O 2 -generation potential of the grouper plasma were studied. Mixing plasma with seawater or cations generated 0.26–0.48 mM of H 2 O 2 except for the addition of l -amino acid substrates. The amino acid quantification of plasma via fluorescent HPLC showed that the alanine was dominantly consumed after being mixed with seawater. The V max , K m , and turnover number of EaLAO with l -alanine at 25 °C in seawater were 1618 μU/reaction, 86.6 mM, and 10.6 s −1 , respectively. Furthermore, Vibrio harveyi was 84% killed by the plasma–seawater mixture. These results suggested that l -alanine may be the primary substrate of EaLAO in plasma.
Ikan toman, Channa micropeltes adalah ikan asli Kalimantan yang menghuni sungai dan rawa. Ikan toman adalah ikan asli Asia dan banyak ditemukan di sungai, perairan tenang, rawa, sawah, dan danau. Ikan Toman berdaging putih, mudah dipisahkan dari kuli dan tulangnya, berdaging tebal, kandungan proteinnya tinggi, selalu tersedia dan harganya murah sehingga dapat diolah menjadi beragam i0ahan diantaranya adalah bakso. Bakso ikan toman yang tinggi kandungan proteinnya dicoba ditambahkan wortel yang kaya akanprovitamin A yang baik untuk Kesehatan mata. Hasil dari penelitian imenunjukkan penambahan wortel pada bakso ikan toman yang terbaik terhadap kualitas bakso ikan toman (Channa micropeltes) berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik yaitu perlakuan B dengan penambahan wortel sebanyak 10%, hasil uji hedonik spesifikasi kenampakan diperoleh nilai 7.1 (suka), spesifikasi bau diperoleh nilai 6.7 (agak suka), pada spesifikasi rasa diperoleh nilai 7.15 (suka), spesifikasi tekstur diperoleh nilai 7.2 (suka) dan pada spesifikasi warna diperoleh nilai 7.45 (suka), maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa produk bakso ikan toman (Channa micropeltes) dengan penambahan wortel (Daucus carrota) dapat diterima oleh panelis Toman fish, Channa micropeltes is a fish native to Borneo that inhabits rivers and swamps. Toman fish is native to Asia and is widely found in rivers, calm waters, swamps, rice fields, and lakes. Toman fish is white-fleshed, easily separated from coolies and bones, thick fleshy, high protein content, always available and cheap so that it can be processed into a variety of meatballs. Toman fish meatballs that are high in protein content are tried to add carrots which are rich in provitamin A which is good for eye health. The results of the study showed that the addition of carrots to toman fish balls was the best for the quality of toman fish balls (Channa micropeltes) based on organoleptic test results, namely treatment B with the addition of carrots as much as 10%, The results of the hedonic test of the appearance specification obtained a value of 7.1 (like), the smell specification obtained a value of 6.7 (somewhat like), the taste specification obtained a value of 7.15 (like), the texture specification obtained a value of 7.2 (like) and the color specification obtained a value of 7.45 (like), it can be concluded that the toman fish meatball product (Channa micropeltes) with the addition of carrots (Daucus carrota) can be accepted by the panelists.Keywords: Toman Fish, Carrot, Meatballs, Protein Organoleptic
Upaya untuk memanfaatkan hasil budidaya ikan patin yang banyak yaitu dengan diversifikasi olahan hasil perikanan. Penelitian ini mensubtitusikan daging ikan patin pada pengolahan kue kembang goyang untuk menjadikan kudapan yang bergizi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui persentase yang optimal substitusi daging ikan patin pada pengolahan kue kembang goyang dan untuk mengetahui penerimaan panelis terhadap kue kembang goyang yang disubtitusi dengan daging ikan patin. Uji penerimaan panelis diuji dengan mengguakan Uji Tanda dan hasil uji organoleptik secara keseluruhan panelis menyukai kue kembang goyang perlakuan A dengan nilai 7 (suka) terhadap spesifikasi kenampakan, warna, bau/aroma, tekstur dan rasa Efforts to utilize the results of catfish farming are banyal by diversifying processed fishery products. This study substituted catfish meat in the processing of rocking flower cakes to make nutritious snacks. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal percentage of catfish meat substitution in the processing of rocking flower cakes and for catfish. The panelists' acceptance test was tested by using the Mark Test and organoleptic test results as a whole, panelists liked the rocking flower cake treatment A with a value of 7 (likes) against the specifications of appearance, color
Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi Tempirai Kawat (Wire Stage Trap) di Perairan Desa Manarap Kabupaten Banjar yang meliputi keragaan tempirai kawat, komposisi dan proporsi, sebaran ukuran, dan produktivitas tempirai kawat. Metode yang digunakan adalah Purposive Sampling yaitu turun langsung kelapangan dengan menentukan kriteria-kriteria tertentu yang berkaitan dengan dinamika perikanan tempirai kawat. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Tempirai yang digunakan di perairan Desa Manarap berbahan kawat, memiliki prinsip seperti perangkap (trap) yaitu mempermudah ikan masuk dan mempersulit ikan untuk keluar. Pengoperasian tempirai dilakukan di daerah rawa atau daerah sawah yang digenangi air dan terdapat vegetasi rawa contohnya seperti purun, kayu duri, eceng gondok dan teratai, dengan hasil tangkapan yang didominasi oleh ikan Sepat rawa (Trichopodus trichopterus), Sepat Siam (Trichogaster pectoralis) dan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) This study identified the Wire Stage Trap in the waters of Manarap Village, Banjar Regency, which included the performance of the wire stages, the composition and proportions, size distribution, and the productivity of the wire stages. The method used is Purposive Sampling, which is a direct measurement of the field by determining certain criteria related to the dynamics of the wire tempirai fishery. Data analysis used is descriptive. Tempirai used in the waters of Manarap Village is made of wire, has a principle like a trap, which makes it easier for fish to enter and makes it difficult for fish to get out. Tempirai operations are carried out in swamp areas or paddy fields which are flooded with water and there are swamp vegetation, for example purun, thorn wood, water hyacinth and lotus, with catches dominated by swamp Sepat (Trichopodus trichopterus), Siamese Sepat (Trichogaster pectoralis) and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
