This article develops a fuzzy portfolio economic production quantity (EPQ) model with the effect of the time value of money. First of all, we construct a nonlinear crisp bi-objective (profit maximization and inflation minimization) mathematical problem with the effect of inflation over time on the unit selling price and all cost components explicitly. Initially, the bi-objective problem is solved with the help of the global criterion method. However, due to the uncertain nature of the demand rate and the production rate, they are assumed to be triangular fuzzy numbers. Then we construct two nonlinear power membership functions of portfolio return and portfolio risk with respect to the profit and cost deviation functions to form a fuzzy portfolio model of a single-objective function of profit maximization problem under the optimum cycle time, optimum production run time, portfolio risk and return variables subject to some constraints. The fuzzy problems are solved to achieve the highest aspiration level and some other design variables. A case study has been analyzed for numerical illustrations and comparative analysis to validate the model. Comparative analysis reveals that the fuzzy portfolio approach gives + 21.78
This paper investigates whether insider purchase transactions convey incremental, value-relevant information to the Indian equity market. Using a large sample of high-value insider purchases disclosed under SEBI’s PIT Regulations, we conduct an event-study analysis over 30-, 60-, and 90-day post-disclosure windows. The results show economically meaningful and statistically significant positive abnormal returns, with a 90-day CAAR of 6.67
Effective access to funding is of utmost importance for early-stage start-ups due to its significant impact on their growth, development, and long-term success, particularly those focused on sustainable development. To address this, we set out to investigate the following research question: what are the key factors that influence access to funding for early-stage start-ups focused on sustainable development? Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this research identifies the factors influencing access to start-up funding, categorizing them into three distinct categories: social, environmental, and economic. To further investigate and analyze these factors, a soft computing methodology—Pythagorean fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) approach is employed, depicts causal interrelationships among the identified factors, providing a comprehensive understanding of their relative strengths and dependencies. The study was conducted with a panel of 15 experts, ensuring a diverse range of perspectives. By involving domain experts and practitioners, the study captures their insights and experiences, enhancing the reliability and relevance of the findings. The findings highlight the significance of educational and training opportunities in fostering sustainable entrepreneurship, the role of supportive co-working spaces, incubators, or accelerators in providing a nurturing environment, and the importance of access to advanced technologies and innovation capacity. Understanding and addressing these influential factors will enable stakeholders to develop targeted strategies to foster an ecosystem conducive to the growth and success of sustainable start-ups.
Growing evidence indicates that framing can significantly affect decision-making. Following previous contributions, we explored the relationship between status quo choice and framing (gain vs. loss). However, existing research has not addressed the moderating influence of gender on this relationship. To address this significant gap and offer a more nuanced understanding of decision-making processes, we examined how gender moderates the relationship between status quo choice and framing. We used a between-subjects experimental design with 148 undergraduate business and economics students. To address our research question, we used the Poisson regression model. Results indicated that participants were more likely to choose the status quo option in the loss frame compared to the gain frame. Furthermore, we found a gender-based disparity in status quo preference. Specifically, women chose the status quo option more frequently. Indeed, gender moderates the effect of treatment on choices of the status quo option. Therefore, our paper offers valuable insights for policymakers and academics alike, highlighting the importance of understanding how framing and gender influence decision-making processes.
This research investigates how AI characteristics (autonomy, interactivity, ambidexterity, and techno-bias) influence decision-making in AI-powered hiring systems, with resource allocation as a moderator. Grounded in the next-generation PCI framework and resource-based view, the study analyzes e-survey data from 176 professionals. Findings show that autonomy, interactivity, and ambidexterity positively relate to decision-making, while techno-bias exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship: Moderate levels enhance decisions, whereas very low or excessive levels impair them. Resource allocation significantly moderates several of these relationships. This research introduces techno-bias as an inherent AI characteristic arising from embedded human biases, demonstrates that moderate bias can be functionally tolerable, and provides a preliminary graph to calibrate ideal levels of bias for optimal decision-making rather than merely mitigate or eradicate it.
In this paper, we define the consumer preference relation from scratch. We study algebraic and topological properties for the preference magma that reflects the consumer. We also consider the influence of society on an individual’s preference.
This study aims to improve our understanding of the psychological factors that influence leader decision-making performance in collaborative crisis response settings. Path analysis was used to examine the relationships between self-efficacy, group affiliation, risk acceptance, collaboration, assertiveness, resource mobilization, and perceived decision-making hardness (DMH), and their impact on decision-making performance among leaders from the Norwegian police, military, and fire/rescue services. Data were collected using a virtual headquarters exercise, which provided a controlled and realistic environment for leaders to respond to a simulated crisis scenario. Our key findings indicate that: 1) Self-efficacy enhances collaboration and reduces perceived decision-making difficulty, leading to improved decision-making performance through better teamwork. 2) Risk acceptance positively influences collaboration and decision-making performance. This research contributes to the literature on leadership in crisis management by highlighting the psychological mechanisms that underpin leaders’ decision-making performance.
The study aims to assess the impact of the robotic process automation (RPA) used in monitoring power grid on the profitability of distribution system operators (DSOs). The empirical study used statistical analysis of financial data of 408 DSO from 11 EU member states based on descriptive and inferential statistics tools and static panel models. The research period is 2011–2018. The study demonstrated that the use of RPA in power grid monitoring has a positive impact on DSO profitability. The research also indicates that the launch of automatic network monitoring results in reporting higher indicators of disruptions occurring, possibly due to the greater sensitivity and accuracy of the devices and procedures used. However, the size of these indicators does not have a statistically significant impact on DSO profitability. The study confirms the economic benefits resulting from the use of RPA in power grid monitoring, both for DSO and energy consumers. However, DSOs implementing RPA must reckon with a temporary drop in profitability soon after the launch of the devices. In the longer term, this profitability grows faster than in the case of DSO without RPA. The main limitations of the study are as follows: (i) the use of SAIDI and the RPA variable specific to a given country, not a single DSO, due to limited access to data, (ii) time limitation of the analysis to the early years of RPA implementation in EU, and (iii) lack of a strict correlation of the researched economic categories with the technical solutions.
The study aims to investigate the determinants of mysterious consumption. The research examines political ideology and social exclusion as two determinants of mysterious consumption among consumers in the Republic of Georgia. Political ideology was divided into individuals with conservative and liberal values, and social exclusion was measured in implicit and dominant dimensions. Four experiments were organized to test the hypothesized relationships. The results indicated that liberals tend to select mysterious items when the choices are horizontally differentiated. The findings also determined that liberals select mysterious items when the options are vertically and qualitatively differentiated. However, the impact of political ideology on mysterious items when the selection is vertically and quantitatively differentiated was insignificant. Moreover, the last two studies revealed that social exclusion positively affects mysterious consumption. The results confirmed that implicitly excluded consumers select mysterious items when the choices are horizontally, qualitatively vertically, and quantitatively vertically differentiated. The study adds to the current body of literature by examining the factors elevating mysterious consumption. The findings also provide practical implications for marketers and retailers in organizing their marketing communications and events to appeal to the target market more effectively.
Managing our natural resources often involves learning about the dynamics of the resource while society simultaneously harvests from the resource. However, little is known about how society’s actions affect our ability to learn about a vulnerable resource. Here, we investigate how experience managing a shared resource impacts one’s ability to learn about the underlying dynamics of a resource. We hypothesised that participants' capacity to learn from experience would depend on the behaviour of other group members. 320 participants played a four-player resource management game with computer partners who acted sustainably, unsustainably, or conditionally cooperatively. Participants’ ability to learn the underlying resource dynamics was then assessed in a subsequent single-player resource management game, where the social dynamics were removed and the participants’ understanding of the resource could be evaluated in isolation. Compared to controls with no prior experience, performance on the single-player game improved after experience with sustainable and unsustainable partners, but not after experience with conditionally cooperative partners. However, experience with a single-player game (rather than a group game) outperformed all other experimental conditions; thus individual experience improved performance more than experience in any group dynamic tested. These findings suggest that the presence of others generally hinders learning in resource management contexts, though how much this learning is hindered depends on the behaviour of others.
From an early age, children grapple with questions of fairness and generosity, but do boys and girls approach these moral challenges in the same way? This study examines altruistic behavior in 4- and 5-year-old children using a modified version of the dictator game with two framing conditions: give (sharing from one's own endowment) and take (subtracting from another's endowment). These frames elicit distinct moral intuitions, offering a more nuanced perspective on early prosocial behavior. The gender of the recipient (boy vs. girl) was also manipulated to assess whether gender-based solidarity or competitive biases influenced sharing decisions. Results revealed that, on average, boys and girls responded differently to the framing of the task. Boys shared less when giving from their own endowment (37%) and more when taking from another's (61%), resulting in a notably large framing effect (d = 1.21). Girls, instead, shared more similar amounts across both contexts (45% in give scenarios vs. 51% in take scenarios; d = 0.31). While children varied in their individual responses, these differences suggest that boys were more sensitive to who originally "owned" the resource, whereas girls displayed a steadier inclination toward equality. The overall framing effect was substantial (d = 0.77) and appeared stronger among younger children, hinting at developmental variability even within this narrow age range. No effects of recipient gender were found, indicating that gender-based distinctions may not influence prosocial behavior at this age. Taken together, these findings suggest that preschoolers' sharing behavior is shaped by the moral framing of the action, revealing gender-specific sensitivities.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between human resource (HR) practices and Quality of Work Life (QWL) among IT professionals, considering two distinct bundles of HR practices: performance-oriented and employee-support-oriented. In the last few decades, there have been professionals’ practices oriented toward performance and well-being that are essential in balancing demands and resources in how employees experience the QWL. Mixed methods were used to analyze perceived HR practices and QWL among 302 Brazilian IT professionals. Results show that a balanced and richer HR system enhances QWL. Moreover, specific bundles of HR practices have stronger effects in specific dimensions of QWL. The mixed-methods approach provides insights into the asymmetric U-shaped pattern between HR practices and QWL. The present research contributes to enhancing the Quality of Work Life research in HR management and provides evidence of different bundles of HR practices.
The aim of this paper is to investigate how the presence of women on corporate boards shapes the scope of climate disclosure on energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the context of mandatory reporting introduced by the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD). Addressing inconsistencies in prior research and the limited evidence on gender-related dynamics in compliance with mandatory disclosure, we examine whether different forms of female board representation generate heterogeneous treatment effects once the NFRD enters into force. Using a sample of 72 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange subject to the NFRD requirements, we apply a difference-in-differences design to capture firm-level variation in disclosure behavior over time. The findings show that the introduction of the NFRD does not affect all firms uniformly: Companies with a critical mass of at least three female directors or a female board chair experience significantly stronger post-NFRD increases in the scope of climate-related disclosure. These heterogeneous treatment effects suggest that numerical representation and structural power of female directors, treated independently, condition firms’ responsiveness to mandatory sustainability reporting. The results are robust to a series of additional tests, including pooled models, sector-specific subsamples, and propensity score matching.
The study examines the impact of influencer credibility and its dimensions on purchase intention, as well as whether brand awareness moderates these relationships. It also explores potential differences between respondents from Croatia and Poland. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the set hypothesis. The results of the research show that the engagement of influencers (perceived by consumers as credible) in a company's marketing activities can significantly impact purchase intentions, although the influence of specific credibility dimensions may differ across countries. Furthermore, the results suggest that the more recognizable the brands are, the greater the benefits will be, measured in terms of purchase intentions from engaging credible influencers. This study contributes to the influencer marketing literature by addressing the previously unexplored moderating role of brand awareness in the relationship between influencer credibility and purchase intention within an international comparative context.
The study examines the impact of influencer credibility and its dimensions on purchase intention, as well as whether brand awareness moderates these relationships. It also explores potential differences between respondents from Croatia and Poland. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the set hypothesis. The results of the research show that the engagement of influencers (perceived by consumers as credible) in a company’s marketing activities can significantly impact purchase intentions, although the influence of specific credibility dimensions may differ across countries. Furthermore, the results suggest that the more recognizable the brands are, the greater the benefits will be, measured in terms of purchase intentions from engaging credible influencers. This study contributes to the influencer marketing literature by addressing the previously unexplored moderating role of brand awareness in the relationship between influencer credibility and purchase intention within an international comparative context.
Stock price response to patent related news has been a topic of interest for both investors and researchers as protection and management of intellectual property, especially patents, have profound implications for company’s market valuation and competitive positioning. This study examines the impact of positive and negative patent news on the stock market valuation of selected Indian manufacturing companies. Furthermore, the impact of specific news category is also examined. The present study employs event study methodology for investigating stock price reaction to patent related news in selected Indian manufacturing companies in general and pharmaceutical sector in particular. Secondary news sources (electronic newspapers and money control website) were used to collect information w.r.t 281 patent related news of 27 manufacturing companies for a period of twenty years, i.e., from 2001 to 2020. The findings of the study postulate that positive patent related news elicited significant investor reaction reflecting expectations of enhanced cash flows and competitive strength. Both positive and negative patent news pertaining to pharmaceutical sector were associated with significant investor reaction. This is on account of intense scrutiny by the stakeholders (investors and analyst) concerning pharmaceutical sector where patents directly underpin product revenues. Among specific news categories, “patent case lost” and “patent applied” news triggered significant market response. Though patents are considered as the key determinants of firm success and sustainability, there is dearth of research examining the effect of patent related news on the stock price movement especially in context of emerging economies like India. The study provides valuable insights into managers and investors seeking to align innovation strategies with capital market expectations.
Truth-telling in one-time, undetected cheating scenarios and the moderating role of religiosity have been widely studied. However, less is known about how religiosity influences honesty when individuals face repeated opportunities to cheat undetected. This study addresses three questions in that context: (1) Will truth-telling decline with repeated opportunities to cheat? (2) Does religiosity influence behavior under such conditions? (3) Can religiosity mitigate a decline in honesty? These were investigated by implementing a die-rolling task in which participants' payoffs depended on self-reported outcomes of privately rolled dice. One group rolled the die once (one-shot die-rolling game), while the other rolled it ten times (repeated die-rolling game), with the payoff based on a randomly selected roll. Misreporting higher values increased the payoff. The reported values were analyzed with the self-reported scores on religiosity. Results showed that religiosity did not significantly deter dishonesty in the one-shot game or the first round of the repeated game. In the repeated game, dishonesty increased among both religious and less religious participants. However, the more religious group showed greater resistance to the erosion of honesty over time. Religiosity thus appears to predict ethical resilience more than initial honesty. In a multi-religious society like Malaysia, integrating shared moral values from various faiths into education may help foster both character development and ethical resilience.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of distributed leadership between attributions to events, crises, and event reputation. Using Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), attribution of crisis responsibility, distributed leadership, and event reputation were assessed with questionnaires. Data were collected at a single point in time over two months across multiple sports events, involving 240 managers in Saudi Arabia. The findings showed that distributed leadership and attributions of crisis responsibility were significantly linked with event crises. However, the moderating effect of distributed leadership on the relationship between attributions of crisis responsibility and event reputation was not found. Event organizers should develop proactive crisis management plans that serve as guidelines for attributing responsibility. These plans should be evaluated after each crisis to address weaknesses and to learn from other mega-events hosted by the kingdom. This study is the first to investigate crisis management in the Middle East by testing the moderating role of distributed leadership in Saudi Arabian event settings.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the healthcare sector, revolutionizing decision-making processes and operational efficiency. However, despite its transformative potential, unintended consequences are emerging, including techno-stressors that negatively impact users’ well-being. By adopting the stressor–strain–outcome (SSO) theoretical model, this research explores how do AI-related techno-stressors contribute to techno-exhaustion in the healthcare sector. Data were gathered through an e-survey involving 221 participants. This research makes four key contributions: introducing and empirically validating the novel techno-stressor "techno-paralysis”; employing a preliminary neurophysiological experiment to establish its link with techno-exhaustion; expanding the SSO model by integrating techno-paralysis to address indecisiveness-related stress in behavioral functioning; and proposing a calibration graph that acts as an optimizer for the decision deliberation process in healthcare.
To validate novel measurement instruments of people's decision making, the behavioral sciences often assess how frequently people make specific risky choices in real life. Yet, it remains unclear to what degree the risky choices tapped by such frequency measures reflect those choices people actually (have to) make. To address this issue, we compared 100 risky choices representing laypeople's perspective with 63 risky choices representing researchers' perspective. In study 1, we leveraged natural language processing calibrated on human judgments to gauge the similarity between choices of both perspectives and found that they only had 18% of the choices in common. In study 2, we further examined the implications of this mismatch in terms of the psychological mechanisms that the various choices may tap into by asking 825 participants to rate the perceived relevance of seven classes of psychological mechanisms to their decision making in these choices. Bayesian mixed effects models revealed credible differences between the two perspectives in five out of seven classes of mechanisms: For choices representing laypeople's perspective, choice attributes, time factors, experience and knowledge, and goals and motivation were on average perceived as more relevant, and social factors were perceived as less relevant, relative to the choices representing researchers' perspective. These findings suggest that decision-making paradigms calibrated on frequency measures from the researchers' perspective may have limited generalizability to the broad range of risky choices people face in their lives, underscoring the need to better understand the complexity of real-life decision making
