Effects of dietary chromium-methionine supplementation on blood metabolites and insulin resistance index in fructose-fed diabetic rats model S. E. Ghiasi, R. Valizadeh, R. Rajabian, A. A. Naserian, A. M. Tahmasbi, R. Jalal Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Animal Science Department, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, Islamic Republic of Iran, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Chemistry Department, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, Islamic Republic of Iran Mashhad University of Medical Science,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, Islamic Republic of Iran Email: s.e.ghiasi@gmail.com
Introduction The inclusion of high levels of cereal-based concentrates decreases rumen pH and the activity of rumen cellulolytic bacteria thus depressing rumen cell wall fermentation, digestibility and roughage intake. Citrus pulp has a high potential rumen degradability and apparent digestibility and, as with other pectin-rich foods such as sugar-beet pulp, causes a lower production of propionic and lactic acids than starchy foods. As a result, supplementation of roughages with pectinrich foods generally has a less adverse effect than cereal grains on cell wall fermentation and digestibility and on roughage intake, thus resulting in similar or even greater total digestible organic matter intake (DOMI).The aim of the present study was to evaluated effects of different source of pectin feed stuff on milk yield and composition dairy cows.
Introduction Sesame ( Sesamum indicum) stover (SS) is the most abundant of sesame cultivation in semi-arid of Iran, used as a basal feed in sheep and goat rations. voluntary feed intake and total tract digestibility of this its high complex carbohydrate content lignin. The feeding value of low quality forages be improved with some additives urea and sodium hydroxide The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro gas production parameters of sesame stover treated with NaOH, urea or sulphuric acid. Material and methods Sesame stover was obtained from Iranian plant varieties adapted to grow in semi-arid conditions. The straw was manually chopped (5cm length) and used untreated, or treated with sulphuric acid (SSA, 2ml/100 g DM), urea (SSU, 3g/100g DM), NaOH (SSN, 4g/100g DM) or both NaOH and urea [SSUN, NaOH as 4g/100g DM was sprayed on the straw and kept for 48h, then urea (3g/100g of initial DM) was added). Treated SS was ensiled under anaerobic conditions for 4 weeks. Samples were then taken, and dried and ground (to pass a 2 mm sieve). In vitro gas production was determined according to the method of Menke and Steingass (1988). Rumen fl uid was collected from three ruminally fistulated sheep (42±2.5kg, body weight) and strained through four layers of cheesecloth. The laboratory handling of rumen fl uid was carried out under
There hundard sixty days old male Ross broiler chicks were randomly divided into 12 feeding regimens with five replicates of six birds each One corn-soybean meal-based starter diet was first provided and then the levels of 0 (control), 2 g kg(-1) Fermacto, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g kg(-1) Cumin Seed (CS) and 10, 20, 30,40 and 50 g kg(-1) Cumin Seed Meal (CSM) were replaced with wheat bran to provide 12 starter diets The grower diets contained half of the same supplementation of the starter diets and an un-supplemented finisher diet was fed to all birds Body Weight (BW) and Feed Intake (FI) was recorded and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was calculated during all periods The carcass yields and relative organ weights measured at 28 and 42 day whereas the concentration of blood metabolites and differential leukocyte counting were determined at day 28 The supplementation of diet with CSM increased BW and improved FCR (p<0 05) but birds BW decreased numerically with the increase in CS in grower diets The FI in all periods was not influenced (p>0 05) by the addition of Fermacto, CS and CSM as compared to control fed birds The relative organ weights were not influenced by Fermacto, CSM and CS (p>0 05) on day 28 and 42, although abdominal fat pad was decreased in birds fed diet with highest levels of CSM and CS measured at day 28 (p<0 05) The inclusion of Fermacto and high level of CS (10 and 5 g kg(-1) in starter and grower diets, respectively) increased Lymphocyte and decreased Heterophile and Monocyte proportion of WBC (p<0 05) This study revealed that the inclusion of CS and Fermacto in broiler diets does not significantly affect performance, although CSM improved final BW of birds The relative organ weights and blood metabolites were similar in birds fed diet contained Fermacto, CS and/or CSM at day 42 but these supplementations may Influence white blood cells differentiation measured at 28 day of age
Based on the official statistics of industries and mines organization about 1000 ton wastes of spaghetti, pasta, biscuit, crisp, and about 7500 ton waste of chick pea pre-cleaning plants are produced annually in East Azerbaijan province of Iran. In our country there is little researches on wastes. In one study, ileal amino-acid digestibility of wheat, autoclaved wheat and spaghetti by-products for broiler chicks was determined (Zaghari 2006). The aim of the present study was to determine metabolizable energy and chemical composition of wastes of spaghetti, pasta, biscuit, crisp, chickpea pre-cleaning and chickpea screening plants.
There are several different models for describing the nutrient ruminal degradation of feeds. The use of a particular model in fitting a given degradability data set and estimating the degradability parameters implies the holistic examination of model goodness-of-fit, otherwise the validity of estimated parameters may be controvertible. One of the criteria for evaluating goodness-of-fit is model behaviour analysis. In the present work, the behaviour of a first-order model when fitting whole soybean ruminal degradability data was investigated.
Introduction Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) is one of the most widely cultivated oilseeds in the world and ranks third in importance as a source of vegetable oil. As an alternative to fats and oils, full-fat oilseeds such as soybean seed are used to replace the supplemented fats and oils in broiler diets. However, soybean seed has anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, which need further processing, thus increasing the cost of soybean seed. Among the various oilseeds available on the market, full-fat sunflower seed (FFSS) contains more ether extract (EE) and is available at a relatively low price. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of FFSS (that FFSS had 18% CP, 38% EE, 14.3% CF, and 3868 kcal/kg ME) on performance of broiler chickens.
Sunflower meal is a good source of protein and NDF for ruminants. The amount of hull or fibre in sunflower might affect the ruminal and post-ruminal digestion of this protein source. Available information on the effect of sodium hydroxide on degradation of NDF and lignin of sunflower meal is scarce. It has been proposed that sodium hydroxide may break down hemicellulose, hydrolyze the ester bonds between lignin and hemicellulose, swell cellulose microfibrils (Canale et al., 1992), expose the cellulose to microbial attachment and improve digestibility (Goto et al., 1993). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on chemical composition and in situ degradation characteristics of NDF and lignin of low and high fat sunflower meal (25 and 165 g/kg DM; LFSM and HFSM, respectively).
With increasing concerns about antibiotic resistance, there is a growing interest to find alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production. Diet formulation based on digestible amino acids is an attempt to reduce excreta nitrogen and cost of broiler production Fermacto ®, a microbial feed supplement derived from Aspergillus mycelium, is one of the several alternatives that could be used at 1-2 g/kg of diet to improve microbial balance of intestine and performance of young chicks.. Fermacto® supplementation is reported to increase uptake of nutrients in marginally deficient amino acids diet. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Aspergillus meal (AM) inclusion and digestible amino acid levels on performance, transit time of feed (TTF) and ileal lactobacillus population of broiler chicks.
