Introduction. The challenges of socio-psychological adaptation experienced by Ukrainian refugees in a different cultural context require systematic investigation to inform the development of psychological assistance and support programs. There is a lack of empirical studies identifying indicators of socio-psychological adaptation and examining the factors that contribute to adaptation difficulties. Objective. To examine indicators of subjective well-being as determinants of socio-psychological adaptation among Ukrainian displaced women. Methods. The study employed an original author-designed questionnaire enabling the quantitative assessment of five aspects of socio-psychological adaptation (“Effective Adjustment,” “Orientation Toward Government Support in the Host Country,” “Current Psychological Adaptation Problems,” “Depressive Mood,” and “Financial Instability”), as well as an integrative index of maladaptation. To identify determinants of adaptation to new living conditions, the following instruments, adapted into Ukrainian, were used: the Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH-scale); the BBC Subjective Well-being Scale (BBC-SWB); the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-10 (CD-RISC-10); and the Brief-COPE questionnaire (C.S. Carver). The sample consisted of 137 refugee women. Results. Indicators of subjective well-being demonstrated the strongest predictive power for psychological adaptation problems (R² = 0.49; p < .001), depressive mood (R² = 0.49; p < .001), and the overall maladaptation index (R² = 0.57; p < .001). The primary predictors of these maladaptive outcomes were low levels of resilience and psychological well-being, as well as a high tendency to employ avoidant coping strategies. Indicators of individual well-being only partially predicted the effectiveness of adjustment to new living conditions (R² = 0.17; p < .001). The main predictors of effective adaptation were the active use of emotion-focused coping strategies and higher levels of resilience. Regression models for orientation toward support from the host country’s government and for financial instability demonstrated limited overall explanatory power. Conclusions. Indicators of subjective well-being, resilience, and coping strategies can be conceptualized as determinants of the socio-psychological adaptation process, particularly regarding aspects associated with psychological difficulties and negative emotional states.
Purpose. The purpose of the presented study is to provide a theoretical substantiation of crisis events as a psychosomatic fact of human life and to reveal their influence on the integral functioning of personality. Methods. The defined theoretical and methodological direction of the analysis consists in the psychological reconstruction of the psychosomatic fact from the perspective of the crisis determination of life and in identifying the methodological coordinates of its functioning. Results. The article presents a theoretical understanding of crisis events as a psychosomatic fact of human life. A historical review of the basic positions of psychosomatics constituted the basis for substantiating a crisis event not only as an external circumstance, but also as an integral experience manifested at the bodily, emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and meaning-of-life levels. A structural-functional model of the psychosomatic fact of human life in the context of crisis events has been developed. The proposed model reflects the understanding of the psychosomatic fact as an integral process of human life in which crisis events disturb biopsychological homeostasis and trigger the dynamics of disintegration or reintegration. Within this dynamic, the psychosomatic fact manifests itself through the interaction of primary and secondary suffering, natural and somatic emotions, somatic memory, as well as through the correlation between disintegration vulnerability and reintegrative resilience. This approach makes it possible to consider health and illness not as isolated states, but as poles of a unified psychosomatic process unfolding within the binomial of normality — between pleasure and pain, positive experience and suffering. A special integrative function in this system is performed by the immune system, which appears as a psychosomatic integrator. It is argued that, in this perspective, the psychosomatic fact emerges as a form of integral human functioning, and the importance of the practical application of the salutogenic approach is emphasized. Conclusions. The presented methodological synthesis of the problem actualizes the search for new formats of studying the psychosomatic fact within the development of the salutogenic approach to understanding crisis as an experience that contains the potential for recovery, growth, and the search for new meaning.
The purpose of this study is to theoretically substantiate and empirically verify the role of resilience as a psychological predictor of the choice and effectiveness of coping strategies among students under conditions of increased stress. The research methods include theoretical and empirical approaches in psychological research, namely: analysis, systematization, and generalization of scientific sources on resilience and coping behavior; psychodiagnostics methods-S. Maddie’s Resilience Questionnaire and the Coping Strategies Inventory by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman; and methods of mathematical and statistical data processing, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis aimed at identifying patterns and predictive relationships between indicators of resilience and students’ coping strategies. Results. The sample consisted of 199 students, the majority of whom demonstrated a moderate level of resilience (65.3%, M = 78.3, SD = 19.4). Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies prevailed (M ≈ 12.2), while avoidance strategies were less pronounced (M = 11.9). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between resilience and adaptive coping strategies (r = .150-.172, p < .05). A moderate level of perceived stress was observed in 85.4% of students. Conclusions. Students’ resilience represents an important personal resource that facilitates the use of constructive coping strategies and mitigates the negative impact of stress. A high level of resilience is associated with active, problem-focused coping in stressful situations.
Purpose. To theoretically substantiate and empirically investigate the effectiveness of coaching technologies in the professional training of future psychologists, particularly their impact on the development of reflection and personal resources. Methods. The study employed theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, a pedagogical experiment, and psychodiagnostic tools, including the "Reflective Skills (Personal Level)" and "Reflective Skills (Metacognitive Level)" inventories by O. V. Savchenko, the Personal Psychological Resourcefulness Questionnaire by O. S. Shtepa, content analysis, and mathematical statistics methods. The sample consisted of 84 psychology students. Results. The implementation of coaching technologies was found to significantly enhance the level of reflectivity among psychology students (p < .05), broaden the spectrum of personal resources, and foster goal-setting skills and a sense of responsibility. The group coaching format proved more effective in developing the social and communicative resources of the individual. Conclusions. Coaching represents a promising approach to psychologist training, as it integrates the development of professional competencies with personal growth. Future research directions include the design of structured coaching programs for different stages of university education.
Purpose. The study aims to theoretically substantiate the family as a self-regulating system that maintains internal equilibrium through tension regulation mechanisms, as well as to define the role of symptoms, triangles, and family roles in ensuring the stability of family interaction. The research focuses on reinterpreting these phenomena not only as indicators of dysfunction but as functional elements of systemic regulation. Methods. The study employs methods of theoretical analysis, comparison, and generalization of approaches within systemic family therapy and positive psychotherapy. A conceptual comparison of these approaches was conducted to identify shared mechanisms of tension regulation and to clarify their functional significance under conditions of stress. Results. It has been established that symptoms, triangles, and family roles function as interrelated mechanisms of tension regulation, ensuring its localization, redistribution, and stabilization within the system. These mechanisms operate in a coordinated manner and form an integrated multi-level regulatory system, including psychophysiological, emotional-cognitive, and communicative levels. It is shown that these processes can be associated with neurophysiological mechanisms of regulation, particularly the interaction between subcortical and cortical structures responsible for emotional salience processing, interoceptive perception, and cognitive control. Tension regulation is conceptualized as a dynamic process resulting from the interaction of these levels, which may lead to different functional modes of the system depending on the nature of feedback. It is determined that amplifying interactions contribute to the escalation of tension, whereas regulatory mechanisms support its reduction and stabilization. The interaction of these mechanisms is cyclical and can be described as a feedback loop that determines the dynamics of family system functioning. Conclusions. Family interaction can be considered a dynamic regulatory system in which tension performs not only a destabilizing but also an organizing function. Symptoms, triangles, and roles act as key mechanisms supporting system equilibrium, adaptation, and integrity under conditions of stress. The effectiveness of regulation is associated with system flexibility, the capacity for co-regulation, and the availability of regulatory resources.
