The purpose of this study was to determine teacher perspectives on emergency remote teaching conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in science and art centers. The study was carried out using a phenomenological qualitative research design with 41 science and art center teachers from 17 different majors. A content analysis method was employed in this study that used a criterion sampling method and collected data through a semi-structured interview form. The study found that most teachers have not received any training on distance education, technique-based teaching cannot be employed in remote teaching processes, the planned activities remain unfinished, student-student and student-teacher interactions decrease, teachers mostly conduct emergency remote teaching online, and teachers improved themselves in technological equipment and the knowledge of teaching profession together with emergency remote teaching. It was also found that student participation is low and teachers find face-to-face education more effective than emergency remote teaching, experience problems in feedback and revision, cannot perform observation-based measurement and evaluation, and emergency remote teaching increases the workload. Teachers expected that the distance education could be carried out on a part-time basis after the pandemic and that they receive in-service education regarding distance education.
Because of the scattered pieces of documents both in Khmer and English about the education systems in Cambodia from the prehistoric period to the present, we have tried to collect all the related documents to review and then combined them into one piece. The combined piece from this review makes it a lot easier for all the researchers and readers who want to know about the education system in Cambodia from the past to the present since the piece has highlighted all the stages of the education process in Cambodia along with the review from the look into the history of Cambodia. This article also looks into the future of the education strategic plan (ESP) in Cambodia based on the policy of the Royal Government of the Kingdom of Cambodia and ESP put forth by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS).
The fact that people move to another country to protect their families brings with it many difficulties. The purpose of this research is to analyze the child-rearing traditions and difficulties of a Syrian family under temporary protection with a preschool child and to reveal their experiences. The population of this research consists of the province of Kilis. Its participants are refugee families with preschool children who fled the civil war in Syria and came to Turkey. These interviews were held to gather information about the participants' social life before the war, the war period, the time of migration, settling in Turkey and child education. The codes were created by analyzing the content of the collected data, one of the qualitative analysis methods, and the codes were combined under the themes. As a result of the analysis of the data, the research findings; were gathered under four main themes: pre-war, war and migration, integration of refugee families to Turkey and child education and broken families. The research findings were discussed with the relevant studies in the literature, and suggestions were made in line with the findings.
Most research exploring school-based forgiveness education programs focuses on student outcomes. However, some scholars have begun studying teachers’ views of forgiveness. We build on this work by exploring teachers’ views of forgiveness education in Greece and Saudi Arabia. A total of 134 teachers (76 Greek and 58 Saudi) completed a survey asking about the meaning of forgiveness, topics to include in forgiveness education, and benefits and challenges of forgiveness education. We compared responses between Greek teachers with and without experience delivering forgiveness education and between Greek and Saudi teachers. Greek teachers with and without forgiveness education experience had different views of the benefits and practical challenges of forgiveness education. The Greek and Saudi teachers differed in how they understood forgiveness in relation to reconciliation, excusing behavior, mercy, and beliefs about the benefits of forgiveness education for the classroom. Implications for the implementation of forgiveness education and teacher training are discussed.
This article presents a new perspective on how to think about interculturality and education from the perspective of a native society in the Paraguayan Chaco. It highlights how formal schooling reaffirms the model of unidirectional relations advocated by national society. Within this model, indigenous peoples and persons are not allowed to participate in this national society on their own conceptual terms, and inclusion turns out to be mere shorthand for assimilation. This text, on the other hand, proposes modes of education and forms of relating that pay attention to the native dimension. These would contribute to the creation of spaces which indigenous societies as such can hold within national society and support indigenous people’s own processes of protagonism and initiative. In parallel, it proposes conceiving of education as from rather than for autochthonous societies; and conceiving of the learning process from the point of view of learning rather than from the point of view of education. This conceptual change, which includes a critique of the widespread concept of interculturality, entails that we must not design modes of education, but rather create preconditions for learning from within the native society, which also requires ways of relating from within. In this way, colonialist pressures in education can be overcome and new possibilities for native protagonism can be developed.
This limited topical life history study aims to gain insights into COVID-19’s impacts on teaching at upper secondary schools through Cambodian teachers’ perceptions of online teaching. It presents teachers’ current challenges and needs as well as future impacts on their teaching practices. Online semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data from 29 subject teachers and their school directors. This study concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the quality of teaching and learning due to the limited functions of monitoring students rather than limited digital knowledge and skills. The classroom management is still required although the learning is online. The empirical evidence suggests this effect in science disciplines; especially for calculation-related subjects. However, COVID-19 was viewed as providing secondary education with a great deal for implementing the digital revolution of education 4.0 and created some practical issues for policymakers and implementers. Although the findings largely concur with previous literature on online teaching during the pandemic, they also draw context-specific features of the issue.
BOOK REVIEW: East. M. (2021). Foundational Principles of Task-based Language Teaching, 1st Edition. New York: Routledge, 198 pp., ISBN: 978-0-367-47906-0.
The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes, social acceptance, and rejection levels of students towards refugee students studying at different education levels. The research was carried out in descriptive research design. It was determined that the students were not accepted by their peers, and as the education level increased, the social acceptance scores of the refugee students decreased and the social rejection scores increased. It was determined that refugee students were accepted mostly by primary school students, followed by secondary school and least high school students. It has been determined that especially high school students have lower social acceptance towards refugee students and higher rejection scores. It has been determined that there was a significant relationships relationship between students' social acceptance and rejection scores and their academic achievement and attitude scores.
Teachers' job satisfaction (TJS) can be defined as the emotional reactions of teachers to their jobs or teaching roles. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the determinants of teachers, principal and school-based factors on job satisfaction of teachers. In this study, which is based on relational survey model, secondary data obtained from TALIS-2018 evaluation were analyzed with Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling. 196 principals and 3952 teachers from Turkey who participated in TALIS-2018 survey constitute the sample of the research. According to the results of the study, teachers' age, gender, career preferences and participation in professional development activities, the locations of the schools they work in and the type of school (state / private) and the gender of the school principals were found to be determinants of job satisfaction. Teachers' work experience, having foreign students in their classes, school principal's age and work experience did not affect teachers' job satisfaction.
The game is an important tool that provides motivation for the individual at almost any age while entertaining it, as well as providing achievements to the individual and socially. The use of this tool as an educational tool or material can help increase the success of learning-teaching processes. For this reason, the aim of this research was to develop a measurement tool that could be used to efficiently collect data or diagnose the preparation, planning, implementation, and evaluation processes of education and training processes. The sample size of this study, in which the validity and reliability of the scale were carried out, consists of 677 people who have different levels of learning. In this study, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Barlett's Sphericity Test, Explanatory Factor Analysis, Cronbach's Alpha, substance total correlation, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were performed to ensure the validity and reliability of the game and educational material use scale. At the end of these statistical operations, GaEMUS consisted of 22 items. An Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed on this structural condition. It was determined that the scale provided a four-factor scale structure: The Cognitive Process Dimension, The Psychological Dimension, The Psychomotor Development Dimension, and The Social Dimension.
This synthesis aims to see the effects of Socio-scientific Issues- Based Instruction (SSI) on the academic achievement of students in Turkey and to help shape future studies on this topic. A mixed-research synthesis method was employed in this study. As a result of the data searching process, 12 studies with quantitative data and 6 studies with qualitative were included in the synthesis. The quantitative studies were analysed through a meta-analysis and the qualitative studies were analysed through thematic synthesis method. As a result of the meta-analysis it was determined the SSI had strong and significant on (g=1.076, 95% CI [0.724, 1.428]) on academic achievement. In addition, it was determined that the calculated common effect size differed significantly according to the school level and the education program applied. As a result of the thematic synthesis six analytic themes were formed. It was attempted to explain the variance between studies included in the meta-analysis, using the analytical themes obtained from the thematic synthesis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that SSI should be done outside the classroom, experts should be invited to these activities, teachers should be trained on this subject and a special education program should be prepared.
Education has been one of the areas most affected by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic since December 2019. This bibliometric review presents “the big picture” of the knowledge production on educational research conducted between January 1, 2020, and October 31, 2021. For this purpose, the current status of the related knowledge base, the intellectual structure, and topical foci were analyzed through descriptive and bibliometric analyses using VOSviewer, Tableau, and Web of Science (WoS) analytical tools. The data set included a total of 3774 articles accessed through WoS. The findings reveal a rapidly growing global interest in educational studies related to the pandemic outbreak. However, highly skewed geographical distribution indicates an imbalance in the number of documents. Almost one-fifth of all researchers are from the USA, and authors from the top ten most productive countries published more than half of all publications. Citation and co-citation analyses shed light on the most prominent components of the related knowledge base. The intellectual structure is based on five “schools of thought” labelled “Global Perspectives to Education”, “Medical Education”, “Educational Psychology”, “Instructional Technologies for the 21st Century Education” and “Higher Education Studies”. Similarly, topical foci of the knowledge base yielded four distinct clusters concentrated on “Digitalization of Education”, “The Impacts of Psychological Variables”, “Medical Studies”, and “Curriculum and Instruction”. The current research fronts, the lack of topical coverage and other remarkable results are discussed in order to provide a baseline for further studies.
Women’s underrepresentation in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) has been documented worldwide. This study investigated the factors underlying women’s underrepresentation in STEM in higher education in Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative research approach that was informed by historical design. Data were collected through a systematic literature review and analyzed using a content analysis. Drawing from the literature, the study findings indicate that a lack of women’s participation in STEM is due to both socio-cultural and psychological factors. Sociological factors indicate that a patriarchal system and male dominance perpetuate gender inequality in STEM. Findings also indicate that cultural myths and beliefs that the science field is hard and that women are incapable of handling masculine activities hinder women from participating in science-related fields. The findings indicate further that a lack of laboratories in Tanzanian secondary schools force teachers to teach science subjects by using theories as an alternative to practical instruction. From a psychological point of view, evidence suggests that a lack of confidence among female students themselves regarding performance in science subjects hinders them from participating in STEM fields. It is recommended in this paper that if Tanzanian female students are to participate in science-related subjects in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs), the government needs to orient them towards science subjects at the primary school level for them to build up an interest in science-related subjects. In addition, the training of science teachers remains imperative.
The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between foreign language anxiety (FLA) and attitudes towards English. A total 518 Turkish students studying at private and state high schools participated in the study. Quantitative research design was adopted in the present study. Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) and Attitudes towards English Scale were used as data collection tools. In order to analyze data, SPSS 23 software was used, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and correlation statistics were utilized. According to data analysis results, the study revealed that students’ FLA levels were at moderate level and they had negative attitudes towards English. The results of data analysis also indicated that there was a negative strong relationship between students’ FLA levels and their attitudes towards English. Although gender had a significant impact on students’ anxiety levels, grade levels of students were not seen as a factor strongly related to FLA. It was also found that ninth and tenth graders had more positive attitudes towards English classes. However, gender was not a predictive factor for students’ attitudes towards English. These results suggest that positive attitudes help students to overcome FLA. That is why, fostering positive and enjoyable language learning environment is significant to increase success in English.
This research aims to systematically compare the educational concepts between the U.S. and China, to answer a research question: what courses, based on the experience of developing fire services in both countries, should be included in firefighting higher education programs to increase knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs)? The authors utilized the method of content analysis and applied the theoretical framework from emergency management to compare those curriculums from both countries into common contextual research criteria. Results of our analysis demonstrate that the two countries have similar expectations by which to develop core KSAs in their firefighting higher education programs.
In this study, it was aimed to reveal the effect of using technology in the primary mathematics education on the students’ academic achievement. In accordance with this purpose, the current study is to determine the overall effect size by bringing together the experimental studies conducted on the effect of using technology in primary school mathematics teaching between 2013 and 2019 on students’ academic achievement. The meta-analysis method was used because it was aimed to calculate the effect sizes of studies examining the effect of technology-based applications used in mathematics education on academic achievement. As a result of the analysis, the effect size of the analyzed studies was found to be 0.483. Also, a significant difference was found between the effect sizes in relation to grade level, technology-based applications, the duration of the studies, the type of the study, and whether the study was conducted nationally or internationally. It was concluded that the technologies used in primary school mathematics teaching have a small positive effect on students' mathematics achievement.
This article presents a critical review of the education system and curriculum reforms in basic education in Kenya from independence in 1963 to date. It presents a philosophical and pragmatic basis for content review and the curriculum reform process. Data collection involved a critical review of relevant literature; including several curriculum reform documents. Based on the literature review and documentary analysis, there is overwhelming evidence that radical changes have resulted in the Kenyan education system from several curriculum reviews and major reforms in response to the changing needs of the Kenyan society. The new curriculum currently under implementation is the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC). Over the years, there have been minimal changes in the content, scope, and sequence of the basic education curriculum. This article presents salient changes in the Kenyan education system and presents recommendations that may have significant implications for future curriculum reforms that can potentially improve learning outcomes.
This study aims to analyze from a multinational perspective, whether interest in environmental issues is a determining factor on science literacy, using PISA-2018 data. In this study, where one of the quantitative research models; relational survey model was used, the secondary data obtained from the PISA-2018 evaluation were analyzed. The data of 98306 students at the age of 15 in 15 different countries were used. In the analysis of the data obtained, t-test, multiple regression analysis, and artificial neural network analysis were used. According to the results of the analysis, significant differences were found between the science literacy scores of the students who were very interested in the environmental issues in their country and those who were not interested at all. Similarly, significant differences were found between the science literacy scores of students who were very interested in environmental issues in other countries and those who were not interested at all. In addition, it can be stated that the students' relevance to environmental problems are factors that statistically predict students' science literacy in a significant way. Based on the results of the study, suggestions were made.
The aim of this study is to reveal the development of the professional knowledge and competencies of pre-service English teachers through the practice of lesson study. The action research method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this research. Action plans are prepared in two cycles. Accordingly, each lesson plan represents action research and two cycles. The study group of the research consisted of two pre-service English teachers from among fourth-year students studying in the English language teaching department of a public university and taking teaching practice courses. In the research, interview, observation, reflective daily form, student evaluation form and the letter about the process were used as data collection tool. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the lesson study method improved pre-service teachers’ student-centered methods and technique usage skills and positively affected the pre-service teachers’ views of the teaching profession and developed their beliefs about being successful teachers.
After Kyrgyzstan’s independence, reforms were implemented in higher education: new degrees, credit hours, private institutions, tuition in public institutions, and independent accreditation. However, faculty reactions to these reforms have not previously been studied. The authors conducted 57 interviews in four locations over three years. Our findings show that, first, interviewees discussed all kinds of changes in higher education and society. Second, participants were undergoing “concurrent stresses” (Anderson, Goodman, and Schlossberg, 2012) – their personal as well as professional lives were changing. Third, opinions differed. We analyzed these according to three of Schlossberg’s “4 S’s”: differences in faculty selves, situations, and support systems. However, few participants described strategies for dealing with the changes. Fourth, nearly all spoke of the reforms as something not under their control. Fifth, very few faculty members described the changes as unilaterally negative or positive. Most said, “I like this, but not that.”
