The accelerating global climate crisis and strict decarbonization policies place the energy sector under intensified scrutiny regarding carbon reporting credibility. This study examines the impact of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), media exposure, and environmental performance on carbon emission transparency in 33 energy firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2020–2024 (165 observations). Using quantitative panel data analysis, the findings reveal that only media exposure significantly enhances carbon emission transparency, underscoring external public scrutiny as a primary driver of corporate accountability. Conversely, GCG and environmental performance show no significant effects, indicating administrative governance and a decoupling between operational compliance and formal disclosure. Theoretically, this research enriches institutional and legitimacy theories by demonstrating that external pressures outweigh symbolic internal practices in driving climate reporting. Practically, the results urge regulators to establish standardized mandatory reporting rules while guiding firms to shift from ceremonial compliance toward substantive carbon accounting investments.
This study analyzes the relationship between free cash flow and dividend safety, moderated by investment aggressiveness and growth policy, in companies listed on the IDX High Dividend 20 during the 2021–2024 period. Using a quantitative approach with PLS-SEM, the results show that free cash flow and growth policy have a positive and significant effect on dividend safety. This indicates that strong free cash flow availability and an aggressive growth policy are crucial factors for companies to sustain dividends safely. In contrast, investment aggressiveness does not have a significant effect on dividend safety. Furthermore, both moderating variables are not proven to influence the relationship between free cash flow and dividend safety. These findings suggest that for companies consistently distributing dividends, the ability to generate free cash flow and adopt growth strategies are the main determinants of dividend safety, regardless of the level of investment aggressiveness. The managerial implication of this study is the importance of focusing on free cash flow management to maintain dividend stability and investor confidence.
Globalization has caused multinational companies to increase in numbers, which led company’s owners competing fiercely to maintain their position in the perspective of economics and business continuity. Many multinational companies use transactions between related parties with different transaction prices between affiliated companies and third parties. The difference of transaction prices is referred to as transfer pricing. Therefore, this study aims to determine the influence of firm size, related party transactions, debt contracts, and tax haven country on indications of transfer pricing. The research objects in this study are non-cyclical consumer companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2020-2022. The research method for this study uses purposive sampling method with a total of 39 samples and for data testing, this study uses multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS version 26. Based on the data processing results, firm size and debt contract has an effect on transfer pricing, meanwhile related party transactions and tax haven country has no effect on transfer pricing.
This study examines the effect of Investment Opportunities, Financial Distress, Managerial Ownership, and Institutional Ownership on earnings quality. Using secondary data from consumer goods manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2017 and 2019, this study employed a purposive sampling method to select 38 eligible companies. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results indicate that Investment Opportunities, Financial Distress, Managerial Ownership, and Institutional Ownership all have a positive impact on earnings quality. This suggests that having more investment opportunities, facing financial difficulties, higher managerial stakes, and increased institutional ownership contribute to improved earnings reporting quality, which can enhance investment decisions and financial transparency on earnings quality. This study makes an empirical contribution to the earnings quality literature by presenting comprehensive evidence on the role of investment opportunities, financial distress, managerial ownership, and institutional ownership as key determinants of financial reporting quality in manufacturing companies in Indonesia.
This research aims to examine the effect of tax avoidance, tax risk, transfer pricing, leverage, and profitability on corporate risk. The research is grounded in Agency Theory and Signaling Theory. Previous studies have shown different results regarding corporate risk. Moreover, studies that combine tax and financial factors to explain corporate risk, especially in Energy and Basic Materials companies in Indonesia, are still limited. The research object consists of companies in the Energy and Basic Materials sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2022–2024. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, consisting of 41 companies and resulting in 123 samples. Secondary data were obtained from IDX financial statements and stock price data from finance.yahoo.com. The analysis included descriptive analysis test, pooling test, normality test, autocorrelation test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, F-test, t-test, and coefficient of determination test (R²), processed using IBM SPSS version 31. The research findings indicate that there is sufficient evidence that tax avoidance, tax risk, transfer pricing, and leverage have a positive and significant effect on corporate risk. Meanwhile, there is insufficient evidence that profitability has a negative effect on corporate risk.
