The article discusses the issues of medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in the city clinic. The objective was to identify modifiable risk factors in patients and prioritize lifestyle modifications for preventive risk factor management counseling. Identification of risk factors was carried out in citizens of working age and older than working age. All necessary studies were carried out in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 404n, 2021, depending on the age of the patient. The most common risk factors in both groups were poor diet, low physical activity and overweight. Upon completion of the clinical examination, all patients received preventive counseling from a therapist to level risk factors with an emphasis on rationalization of nutrition and an increase in motor mode.
The article is devoted to one of the acute problems of dermatology – hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa. Based on literary sources, it discusses in detail the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and modern methods of treatment of the disease. Attention is focused on the main method of treatment of the disease - antibiotic therapy. A long-term retrospective analysis has established that empirical antibiotic therapy with clindamycin does not guarantee unconditional clinical effectiveness. Antibiotic therapy in (HS/AI) should be individualized and based on preliminary microbiological studies.
The article presents an analysis of the current state and challenges of implementing the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) within a healthcare organization. An assessment was conducted regarding leadership commitment, staffing, monitoring of antimicrobial use, and feedback systems. Using SWOT analysis, the study identified strengths and weaknesses, as well as key barriers, such as the lack of formal recognition for program leaders and a deficit in targeted funding. Recommendations were formulated to optimize the ASP to enhance the safety and effectiveness of medical care.
Introduction. Hypertension (AH) is one of the most common chronic diseases with a significant impact on brain structure and function. Cognitive impairment in AH often remains underestimated, especially in the early stages. Purpose. To study the effect of elevated blood pressure on cognitive function in patients of different age groups. Materials and methods. 36 patients were examined, divided into three age groups (18-49 years old, 50-60 years old, 60-70 years old) with the presence and absence of hypertension. Used: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), clock drawing test, Schulte test, frontal dysfunction battery (FAB), verbal fluency score. Results. Patients with hypertension aged 50-70 years showed a statistically significant decrease in cognitive indicators compared to normotonics. The greatest decrease was noted in the groups with comorbidity (AH + diabetes mellitus). Taking antihypertensive therapy was associated with better outcomes in the Schulte test and verbal fluency. Conclusion. High blood pressure has a negative impact on cognitive function, especially in older age groups and in the presence of concomitant diseases. Early screening for cognitive impairment is indicated in patients with AH older than 49 years.
Rhythmic gymnastics belongs to complex coordination sports and places high demands on the motor skills of athletes, and working with gymnastic objects requires impeccable work of the nervous system - in particular, the pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems. The current monitoring system makes little or no use of clinical neurological tests, which allow for an objective assessment of coordination, balance and kinesthetic feeling. This study evaluated coordination and motor performance in female athletes at a rhythmic gymnastics school. The goal was to conduct a comparative analysis of the state of the motor sphere, evaluated using a set of neurological tests, in rhythmic gymnastics athletes at different stages of many years of training (with training experience of 1, 2, 5 and 10 years). Motor functions were evaluated using various neurological tests for coordination and balance: Romberg test (simple and complicated); walking on a line; finger-nasal test; heel-knee test; adiadochokinesis test; upper Barre sample; rotary sample. To evaluate the data, each trial performed was scored on a scale of 1 to 10. Mean values were then calculated. Analysis of the results revealed a clear positive trend in all studied parameters, depending on the experience of training athletes. In addition, there was a clear increase in the average score according to training experience (M1 = 4.99 → M2 = 6.43 → M3 = 8.75 → M4 = 9.51). The most significant jump in averages occurred between groups with 2 years of experience (6.4 points) and 5 years (8.8 points). This confirmed that a training period of 2 to 5 years is key for the development of neuromotor functions under the influence of the training process. The study showed that many years of training in rhythmic gymnastics have a specific formative effect on the functional state of the central nervous system, which is objectively reflected in the results of neurological testing. At the initial stage of preparation (1-2 years), the greatest progress is observed in basic tests (simple Romberg test, finger-nasal test, walking along the line), and at the stage of mastery (5-10 years), progress is most noticeable in complex coordination tests (complicated versions of Romberg test, rotational test) and in the speed of alternating movements.
