Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOL) is a protein-rich functional feed ingredient containing bioactive compounds that may enhance ruminant productivity while mitigating enteric methane emissions. This study evaluated the effects of dietary MOL supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, haematological status, intestinal histomorphology, rumen fermentation, and estimated enteric methane production in Timor deer (Cervus timorensis). Twenty-four clinically healthy male deer (12–14 months old; 28.5 ± 2.3 kg) were assigned to a randomised complete block design and fed a basal diet containing 0, 2, or 4% MOL (dry matter basis) for 90 days. Dietary MOL significantly improved (P < 0.05) productive performance, increasing average daily gain (190 to 245 g/day), hot carcass weight (24.5 to 28.1 kg), and dressing percentage while reducing feed conversion ratio without affecting dry matter intake. Haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, and jejunal villus height increased significantly, indicating improved physiological status and intestinal absorptive capacity. MOL supplementation also shifted rumen fermentation toward greater propionate production and a lower acetate-to-propionate ratio, resulting in a 22–34% reduction in estimated enteric methane production based on volatile fatty acid stoichiometry. These findings demonstrate that dietary inclusion of 2–4% MOL enhances nutrient utilisation, supports animal health, and improves production efficiency while reducing the methanogenic potential of rumen fermentation. Therefore, Moringa oleifera leaf meal represents a promising functional feed ingredient for the sustainable nutrition of captive Timor deer. Because methane emissions were estimated indirectly from ruminal fermentation profiles, future studies should validate these findings using direct methane measurement techniques and rumen microbiome analyses.
Spremembe osmotskega in vodnega potenciala v ekstenzorskih celicah kolenčne blazinice — kot osnova niktinastije. Članek obravnava regulacijo niktinastičnega gibanja pri nekaterih stročnicah, vlogo fitokroma, ionov H+, Ca2+ in K+ avksinov in strukture plazmatskih membran.
Presented and mapped are fifteen localities where feral coypus were found. Singular escape: or ephemeral populations are mainly in question, but in three cases stable feral populations were re corded.
A detailed description of the poorly-known species Trichodrilus strandi Hrabe 1936 is given. Many specimens have been found in the caves of Slovenia (Postojna-Planina Cave System; Križna jama cave) and one specimen in the River Danube (Dunav) below Djerdap Gorge in Serbia.
Pri 450 starejših, zdravih in različno prizadetih jelkah (Abies alba Mill.) so bile v obdobju 1988-1990 merjene sezonske variacije električne upornosti (R) živih tkiv kot možnega kazalca drevesne kondicije. Čim debelejša so živa tkiva (neprevodni in prevodni floem, kambijeva cona) in čim višja je koncentracija ionov v njih, tem nižja je električna upornost in obratno. Električna upornost je visoko korelirana z drevesno kondicijo in njegovim preživetjem.
Med 400 klopi, zbranimi na ptičih v Jugoslaviji, je bilo identificiranih 7 (1,75%) samic in nimf Ixodes frontalis in 5 (1,25 %) samic Ixodes arboricola skladno z morfološkimi značilnostmi, ki so narisane na priloženih skicah za obe vrsti.
The paper contains the data on the geographical distribution chiefly of the species Sesleria kalnikensis Jáv. in the north-western part of the areal inhabitated by the Sesleria Juncifolia group in the region of Mt. Nanos along the line: Razdrto-Podnanos-Vipava—Vrhpolje-Zavetnik-Senabor-Bukovje (Predjama)--Razdrto. The paper contains also some morphological, anatomical and taxonomical data.
During the summer of 1985, meiofauna was studied at 31 stations on the Yugoslav side of the Gulf of Trieste together with related ecological parameters. Quantitative data are mapped here for the total meiofauna and for some of the main taxonomical groups: Nematoda, Harpacticoida, Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Kinorhyncha, Turbellaria, Ostracoda, Hydroidea, Acarina, Amphipoda and Bivalvia. - As expected, the total meiofaunal abundance coincided well with the increasing depth and with the transition from shallow, muddy bays to the fine sands of the deeper open waters. This general and rough meiobenthic distribution is modified in some details under the influence of some specific local characteristics. Especially evident were sharp density reductions, which is partially in agreement with similar earlier findings of macrobenthic studies from 1974. The results were discussed in the view of several episodes of oxygen deficiency in the research area.
The variability of taxonomic characters of later post-larval stadium of Lithobius validus MEINERT 1872 from Slovenia is described detail. All the most important taxonomic characters are statistically evaluated. The mean value of head-length is 2.89 mm (♂♂) or 2.68 mm (♀♀); distance beetwen large ocelli is at 2.89 mm (♂♂), 2.69 mm (♀♀). Numbers of teeth on forcipular coxosternite variable; frequent combinations are 6+6, 7 + 7 and 6 + 7. Antennae with 26 to 50 articles, mediana is 43. Number of ocelli varies between 19 to 34. All specimens have posterior projections on tergites 6, 7, 9, 11, 13. Highly variable are: number of coxal pores, number and distribution of spines on legs, shape of spurs on femal gonopods. Claws on all female gonopods with well- developed medial and lateral dentices. New localities of this species in Slovenia are given.
Vpliv vodnega stresa na asimilacijo dušika pri mladih rastlinah sladkorne pese. Raziskovan je bil efekt vodnega stresa na mlade rastline sladkorne pese v prisotnosti PEG 6000 v raztopini z -3, -6, in -10 barov osmotskega potenciala. Po 24, 48 in 72 urah je bila merjena aktivnost nitratreduktaze, vsebnost topnih proteinov, prostega prolina in nitrata. lnhibicija ANR intopnih proteinov je v odvisnosti od stopnje vodnega stresa in dolfine trajanja, vec je prostega prolina in nitrata v primerjavi s kontrolnimi rastlinami.
This paper considers the differences in climate and landscape, lxodid tick species composition, and intensity of small and other mammals' tick infestation in relation to that part of the human population which comes in contact with the tick-borne encephalitis foci: with active ones in Slovenia and silent ones in Dalmatia. It is supposed that the specificity of natural habitats, including all the corresponding bio-ecological factors, is one of the possible reasons for the changed clinical features found in human population in both landscape types mentioned above.
Prikazani so bistveni taksonomski karakterji vrste Dicellophilus carniolensis ter družine Mecistocephalidae, ki ji vrsta pripada. Dobljeni rezultati se od dosedanjih razlikujejo v maksimalni dolžini osebka, razmerju med dolžino in širino glave ter maksimalni nadmorski višini, na kateri je vrsta najdena. Podan je bolj podroben opis glave in rasti koksalnih por pri mladičih. Opisana je razprostranjenost vrste D. carniolensis ter režim vlage in temperature, ki ga ta vrsta izbira.
Nekateri fiziološki parametri za merjenje efekta suše v listu koruze. Članek vsebuje prelimiarne raziskave vsebnosti in retencije klorofila v listu koruznih kalic z različno odpornostjo na sušo v pogjih zmerne suše in okrevanja s ciljem, da se najdejo določeni parametri, ki bi jih uporabili za merjenje vpliva suše v mezofilu koruze.
Možnost uporabe antitranspirantov v rastlinski proizvodnji. Antitranspirant "Folicote" (Österreichisches Stickstoffwerke, AG Linz), ki tvori zaščitno plast na rastlinski površini, značilno zmanjša intenzivnost transpiracije. Efekt je kratkotrajen. Efekt "Folicota" ne limitira intenzivnosti transpiracije, reducira v enaki meri tudi intenzivnost fiksacije CO2. Efekt variira v odvisnosti od raziskane vrste.
Parametri vodnega režima in folosinteze pri dveh linijah koruze, različno odpornih na sušo. Članek vsebuje raziskave vodnega stanja in fotosinteze pri deh linijah koruze. Rastline so bile izsuševane 10 dni, za meritve je bil odvzet polno razvit tretji list. Vpliv vodnega stresa je bil določen z merjenjem gašenja florescence s saturacijsko pulzno metodo. Oba tipa gašenja, fotokemijsko, q(Q) in nefotokemijsko, q(E), se med obema linijama koruze razlikujeta.
Thymoquinone, the most active ingredient of Nigella sativa, is known for having potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The goal of this study was to analyse the expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and osterix (Osx) in the alveolar socket after application of Nigella sativa seed extract/bone graft mixed on days 7 and 14. FGF-2 was observed to create a regenerative microenvironment, while Osterix directs osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix mineralisation. Both markers are essential in supporting osteogenesis following tooth extraction. Following the extraction of a lower tooth in Cavia cobaya, four treatment groups were established: gelling agent, Nigella sativa seed extract, bone graft, and a combination of bone graft with Nigella sativa seed extract, each applied to the extraction socket. After 7 and 14 days, Cavia cobaya were sacrificed to obtain socket preparations. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the preparations and examined under a microscope at 400x magnification. Statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA. The combination of Nigella sativa and bovine bone graft increased the expression of FGF-2 and Osx compared to other groups. However, when comparing the combination group with the Nigella sativagroup, there was no significant difference between them (p-value> 0.05). The Nigella group demonstrated a comparable effect to the combination group in enhancing the expression of FGF-2 and Osx. In comparison to the control and graft groups, Nigella significantly reduced osteoclast cell numbers and enhanced osteoblast cell numbers, along with increased FGF and Osx expression (p > 0.05). Nigella sativa has the potential to increase the expression of FGF-2 and Osx, reduce the number of osteoclasts, and increase the number of osteoblasts.
The taxonomy and phylogenetic relationship of Gymnopus nubicola are discussed. The newly collected specimens were collected in Pichincha, the same region as the holotype, and are characterised by the dark reddish brown pileus, odour similar to shiitake, abundant extracellular matrix observed in water and KOH (alkali), knobbed cheilocystidia, and contorted caulocystidia. ITS sequence data indicate that the newly generated G. nubicola sequence is a distinct species from G. dryophilus (including the epitype specimen) and from a Costa Rican collection also identified as G. nubicola. Our species therefore matches the original description of G. nubicola, meaning that they are the same species, and represent a valuable ethnomycological importance as edible mushrooms for Kichwa communities in the highlands of Ecuador.
U radu su prezentirani rezultati komparativnih analiza osmotskog potencijala i procenta suhe materije ćelijskog soka kod Picea omorika, Pinus heldreichii i Pinus peuce iz arboretuma "Slatina" kod Sarajeva. Dobiveni podaci upućuju na činjenicu da su istraživani fiziološki parametri mogli biti jedan od esencijalnih faktora preživljavanja uslova glacijacije.
Na namakani površini je bil povprečni pridelek zgodnjega zelja cv. 'Prva žetev' za 11 % večji kot na nenamakani. Pri gnojenju s hlevskim gnojem in povečano količino kalija smo pobrali 17 % več zelja kot pri gnojenju brez hlevskega gnoja in z nižjo količino kalija. Zgodnji hibrid zelja 'Hisepta F1' je v povprečju petih let akomuliral za 2,6 % manj sušine, ob 54 % večjem pridelku in se enkrat manjši količini padavin, potrebni za 1 kg pridelka (0,011 mm) v primerjavi s poznim hibridom 'Celsa F1'.
