The article presents current data on family dysfunction in patients with alcohol dependence: features of parent-child relationships, the impact of parental alcohol use on the mental and drug-related health of children and their behavior in adulthood. It also provides information on the organization of medical and social care for patients with alcohol dependence and a socially disadvantaged family situation, and highlights the main problems of outpatient treatment for these individuals.
Background. Atypical autism is a subtype of pervasive developmental disorders characterized by incomplete fulfillment of the criteria for classical autism, either with respect to age at onset or the required symptom domains. Objective. To describe the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and management of a child with atypical autism and global developmental delay. Materials and methods. We report the case of a 6-year-7-month-old boy presenting with speech delay. Assessment included a detailed developmental history, psychiatric evaluation, and psychometric testing using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Results. Developmental abnormalities were first noted at approximately 2 years of age and included persistent speech delay, motor delay, repetitive behaviors, and markedly limited verbal communication. The patient demonstrated basic social engagement via non-verbal means, although the quality of interaction was restricted. The CARS score was 34, consistent with mild-to-moderate autism. Biological risk factors included prematurity, low birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and comorbid medical conditions. Psychosocial contributors included inconsistent caregiving and excessive screen exposure. Conclusions. The patient was diagnosed with Atypical Autism with suspected Mild Intellectual Disability. Early identification and comprehensive, multidisciplinary intervention including behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, and family psychoeducation are essential to improve adaptive functioning and quality of life.
The 21st century created a number of insurmountable challenges for the global medical community. Unfortunately, comorbidity remains one of the main attributes of modern medicine in general and reproductive medicine in particular. An absolute majority of hyperproliferative gynecological disorders have common pathogenetic patterns that are based on the following: abnormal proliferation, abnormal inflammation, neoangiogenesis, and dysfunction of apoptosis. Adenomyosis and uterine fibroid are still among the commonly co-existing hyperproliferative disorders of the reproductive system significantly reducing the quality of life of women, regardless of the age. The review considers the key features of the adenomyosis and uterine fibroid pathogenesis, provides modern approaches to the medication-based management of adenomyosis and uterine fibroid in cases of the combination of these disorders in terms of modern domestic and international protocols.
Certain risk factors are necessary for the formation of psychosomatic disorders, which are abundant in the elderly. Psychosomatic disorders, in the presence of long-term existing risk factors, can turn into a somatic disease. The analysis of psychosomatic disorders in 25 elderly patients with alcohol dependence formed in old age is presented. The data shows that psychosomatic disorders have an impact on the course of alcohol dependence syndrome. According to our data, the progression of alcohol dependence syndrome, the severity of pathological cravings and withdrawal syndrome does not depend on the type of chronic disease.
Asthenia and affective disorders are the most common consequences of both acute and chronic cerebrovascular diseases. Aim. To assess the severity of asthenia, affective disorders and quality of life indicators in patients with chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency depending on the presence or absence of a history of acute cerebrovascular accident. Materials and methods. The study included 54 patients diagnosed with chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency. The following questionnaires were used: the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger–Hanin Trait Anxiety Inventory, the MFI-20 scale, and the SF-36 questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech v. 4.1.7. Results. Patients with a history of stroke more often suffered from severe depression (32.1%) and had an increased level of personal anxiety (71.4%), a higher level of asthenia and physical exhaustion, manifested by a decrease in activity and motivation, were observed; physical activity, social interaction and emotional well-being were significantly lower compared to patients without episodes of stroke. Conclusion. Stroke negatively impacts the psychoemotional state and quality of life of patients with chronic cerebrovascular diseases. Early screening and comprehensive rehabilitation are essential to improve prognosis and enhance treatment effectiveness.
