Current research on fictional worlds is dominated by the analysis of micro-level phenomena, while the holistic spatial-hierarchical organization of media franchises remains underexplored. This article hypothesizes that the Star Wars discourse functions as a multilevel anthropocentric system structured by linguocognitive markers and subject to diachronic shifts. The analysis of the ideologically "colored" construction and spatial organization of the alternative world in the audiovisual discourse of the "Star Wars" media franchise is carried out on the basis of the universal model of open system organization. The empirical data comprises utterances from the franchise's English-language audiovisual texts, as well as literary sources from both the canonical universe and the expanded universe (legends category), selected through purposive analysis. The results establish that the franchise's conceptosphere is organized as a hierarchy of levels (micro-, cata-, macro-, meso-, and mega-levels), each verbalized by specific concepts and performing the functions of spatial cognitive categorization and social identity construction. The study describes and analyzes the phenomenon of discursive shift, which reflects changes in cognitive matrices depending on the chronotope.
The article examines the specific features of translating economic terminology and the problem of ensuring its adequacy. The translation of economic texts functions as an important means of interinstitutional communication, directly influencing market behavior and serving as a tool for ensuring compliance with international norms and standards. The importance of specialized translation of economic texts is confirmed by the practice of multilingual publication of documents by international organizations. Institutions such as the World Bank, the European Central Bank (ECB), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and others provide access to their documents in multiple languages, making translation accuracy critically important in such texts. Accordingly, consistency and precision in rendering economic terminology are essential, since ambiguous interpretation of terms or phrases in documentation may lead to misinterpretation of provisions, create legal gaps, or complicate the fulfillment of contractual obligations by the parties involved. In this context, the problem of evaluating the quality of economic terminology translation – particularly through a comparison of human translation and neural machine translation systems – gains special scientific and practical relevance. The active implementation of machine translation technologies contributes to the optimization of translation processes and the reduction of translation costs. The economic efficiency of automated solutions facilitates their increasing integration into modern workflows. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the operational parameters and capabilities of machine translation systems has attracted considerable attention from both the academic community and business sectors. The study analyzes the terminological adequacy of translated economic vocabulary and provides quantitative calculations of translation errors. The results demonstrate that the translation produced by a neural machine translation system contained approximately 43 errors (about 8.15% of the total), whereas the human translation contained only about 3 errors (0.56%). The findings indicate that although neural machine translation can achieve a relatively high level of adequacy (approximately 91%), this level still does not fully meet the requirements for translating specialized economic texts.
The paper focuses on the semantic class of vocabulary denoting emission situations (sound and smell emission) from a contrastive-typological perspective. The aim of the study is to characterize the conceptual organization, argument structure, and directions of semantic derivation of emission verbs in English, German, French, Polish, and Ukrainian. The methodological framework of the research is based on descriptive, componential, and contrastive methods, as well as elements of cognitive-semantic analysis. The study shows that the emission situation is structured as a multidimensional concept comprising an internal domain (invariant perceptual features) and an external domain (situational, evaluative, locative, gradational, and other parameters). The analysis identifies specific constituents of both the internal and external domains of the concept for each subclass of emission vocabulary, reflecting the properties of the respective perceptual channels. Emission verbs display considerable derivational potential and realize regular semantic shifts toward the domains of state, behavior, mental activity, and evaluation. A cross-linguistic comparison of the selected languages reveals the presence of universal principles underlying the organization of emission vocabulary alongside language-specific realizations of particular semantic components. Thus, emission vocabulary emerges as a multidimensional system reflecting the interaction between human perceptual experience and the linguistic worldview, and it demonstrates significant potential for further typological research.
This article examines the communicative strategy of manipulation in speech behavior of teenage characters, based on American film discourse. Manipulation is defined as a covert psychological influence aimed at shaping the interlocutor’s thoughts, intentions, or actions without their awareness, making them believe their decisions are self-determined. The study treats manipulation as a pragmalinguistic phenomenon realized through verbal and nonverbal means. The research is grounded in multiple theoretical approaches to communicative strategy, including pragmalinguistic, intentional, and communicative perspectives. A communicative strategy is understood as a planned sequence of speech actions aimed at achieving a specific communicative goal. Manipulation, in this context, may either support cooperative interaction or serve confrontational and aggressive purposes depending on a communicative situation. The empirical material consists of 872 dialogic fragments from 27 American films (1985–2017), covering genres such as comedy, drama, thriller, and adventure. Through discourse, pragmatic, and stylistic analysis, the study identifies key tactics and linguistic means used by teenage characters. Three main aspects of manipulative strategy are distinguished: cooperative, confrontational, and aggressive. In a cooperative aspect, dominant tactics are suggestion and distortion of information and insincere surprise. These tactics aim to harmonize communication and subtly influence an interlocutor. They are primarily realized through representative and expressive speech acts. Linguistically, they rely on modal words, hedging, epistemic constructions, rhetorical and elliptical sentences, and modal verbs. Nonverbal elements such as tone, facial expressions, and gestures enhance their effect. In a confrontational aspect, manipulation is mainly implemented through quasi-argumentation and fictitious indignation. These tactics create an illusion of logical reasoning or emotional reaction to influence an interlocutor. They are characterized by the use of vulgarisms, slang, epithets, reinforcing particles, and rhetorical constructions, often violating politeness norms and communicative maxims. In an aggressive aspect, the leading tactic is appealing to the interlocutor’s sensory sphere, aimed at exerting emotional pressure. This involves expressive language, imperative forms, modal verbs, and strong emotional vocabulary, supported by prosodic and kinetic cues. The study concludes that teenage manipulation in film discourse is multifaceted, combining linguistic, pragmatic, and psychological elements. It highlights prevalence of specific tactics and emphasizes the role of both verbal and nonverbal means in achieving manipulative goals.
The article presents research on structural models and techniques of translation solar photovoltaic (PV) terms in modern English scientific and technical discourse into Ukrainian necessitated by the rising significance of photovoltaic applications in the current Ukrainian context due to their efficiency and sustainability across various spheres of life. The article is aimed at discovering the distinctive features of rendering solar photovoltaic terms into Ukrainian by investigating their lexical and grammatical characteristics. The object of the research is English solar photovoltaic terms and their Ukrainian equivalents. The subject of the study is the techniques of rendering English photovoltaic terms into Ukrainian. The linguistic and extralinguistic peculiarities of scientific and technical texts have been clarified. The notion of ‘term’ in modern scientific and technical discourse has been elucidated. The works on translation of English terminology connected with environmental sustainability in the sphere of energy efficiency, alternative energy and biogas production have been analyzed. It was discovered that the English solar photovoltaic terms have not been the object of a separate investigation in translation studies yet. The findings of the study of the photovoltaic terms in a scientific and technical article on recent advancement in solar photovoltaic technology present the variety of the structural models of solar photovoltaic terms with the prevalent one that consists of an adjective and a noun. The application of the techniques of loan translation, addition, structural transposition and practical transcription turned out to be the distinctive features of rendering English solar photovoltaic terms into Ukrainian.
