This paper addresses mental health and resilience in security and defense professionals, exploring the psychological challenges they face in the postmodern era. It analyzes the risk factors associated with prolonged exposure to stress, trauma, and decision-making under pressure, as well as coping strategies that can mitigate their impact. Resilience is presented as a central axis in protecting emotional well-being, highlighting the importance of training in stress management and strengthening support networks. Innovative therapies such as virtual reality, non-invasive brain stimulation, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy are also reviewed. Finally, mental health policies implemented in various institutions are examined, highlighting advances and persistent barriers.
This article analyzes the impact of the pandemic generated by COVID-19, in particular the effects on the shipbuilding industry in Colombia. In the first part, the global impact on various industries, including the shipbuilding industry, is examined. Subsequently, information generated directly by COTECMAR, as a reference for the Colombian shipbuilding industry, is analyzed through ERP-SAP. The available data corresponds mainly to information on the logistics process, such as purchases and logistics indicators. For an adequate analysis, it was necessary to purify and unify the references in order to consolidate results according to market conditions. Finally, we present the fundamental aspects that allow other organizations to establish mitigation strategies in the face of possible similar situations.
This article analyzes the impact of the instrumentalization of the civilian population by residual organized armed groups (GAO-r for its acronym in Spanish) on national security and defense in Colombia, in the context of the Fifth Generation Wars. Through a qualitative approach and documentary analysis, we examine the techniques employed by these groups-social coercion, forced displacement, forced recruitment, homicides of social leaders and human rights defenders, and cognitive warfare-and their socioeconomic and psychosocial repercussions in the affected communities. The findings show that these practices deteriorate mental health, the social fabric, life projects and the family economy, deepening distrust towards state institutions. A comprehensive, sustained and multidimensional State strategy is proposed, which articulates all the instruments of national power to counteract this threat, strengthen social cohesion and consolidate national identity.
The article analyzes the empowerment of women leaders in the Manantiales de Paz sector, in the Granizal village of the municipality of Bello, Antioquia, and the impact of the coordinated work with the Fe en Colombia Program, of the National Army's 7th Comprehensive Action and Development Battalion, within the framework of the "My Model Village" campaign. Using a qualitative methodology based on interviews, community and inter-institutional meetings, and document analysis, it shows that, despite contexts of vulnerability and violence, community resilience has strengthened local capacities and social transformation processes. The results show progress in social, economic, environmental, and educational dimensions, as well as in the strengthening of institutional governance and community empowerment, contributing to sustainable development and the construction of territorial peace.
Transitional justice has gained relevance in the Colombian legal system in recent years, as a direct response to the multiple human rights violations that have taken place since the last century. The functioning of these courts highlights the importance of ensuring that guarantees for the non-repetition of abuses are fulfilled, as well as achieving the objectives set by the State for the victims and defendants of these models of justice, which remain in force today. Transitional justice is understood as a necessary process in society, which requires the participation of actors, victims, and civil society, with the understanding that it seeks to transform and restore the social fabric. Therefore, it is crucial to control and monitor the effectiveness and efficiency of judicial bodies, as well as their compliance with their commitments to victims and defendants, to advance efforts to achieve peace as a fundamental right enshrined in the constitution.
The article explores the impact and challenges of the use of drones in security and defense, focusing on compliance with International Humanitarian Law and the protection of Human Rights. It describes the technological advances of the 20th and 21st century, highlighting how connectivity and modern technology have transformed armed conflicts. Through the case studies of Syria and Ukraine, the operational advantages of drone use are examined. However, it also addresses critical challenges, including lack of accountability, dehumanization of targets, and potential normalization of IHL and HR violations. The article concludes with the need for improved transparency, accountability and ethical training of drone operators to ensure respect for international humanitarian norms.
The village of Cuesta Rica, in the municipality of Rionegro, Santander, is characterized by a historical context framed by the Colombian armed conflict, which evidences the need for greater institutional investment, presence of the public forces and strengthening of governance through non-armed actions. The objective of this article is to socialize the origin of the Mi Vereda Modelo campaign, based on the study of the identified needs, which allows evidencing the capacities of the integral action that facilitated the approach with vulnerable communities. It seeks to study how the integral action uses the Mi Vereda Modelo campaign as an unarmed strategy of the National Army, implemented for the benefit of vulnerable communities. A mixed methodology has been used, which allows analyzing the social, economic and cultural impact obtained after the implementation of the campaign.
This article describes the impact of Littoral Commander, a war game designed to improve critical skills in military naval training. The game offers an experiential environment that replicates realistic tactical, operational, and strategic conditions, facilitating the development of essential practical skills. A pilot test of the game was conducted to evaluate the viability of Littoral Commander as an educational resource in the military context, observing officers' perceptions of the realism and usefulness of the game in simulated scenarios. Likewise, the impact of using the game was measured by defining three evaluation criteria based on three skills: operational tactics, leadership, and decision-making under pressure. The evaluation was carried out using questionnaires and simulated exercises before and after the intervention. Finally, this work proposes a teaching guide to optimize the pedagogical integration of the game at the Admiral Padilla Naval Academy, promoting leadership, adaptability, and educational innovation. The conclusions highlight the effectiveness of experiential learning and recommend systematically incorporating advanced simulations into military training to maintain international operational standards.
This article analyzes the Russian Ukrainian conflict through the strategic approaches of Carl von virtues of both countries, such as the underestimation of Clause-witz's "point of culmination," the dispersion of forces contrary to Jomini, the ineffective use of brute force versus Liddell Hart's indirect strategy, and the failure to win over the civilian population in the areas of operations according to Galula. The analysis reveals the validity of classical principles in modern conflicts, highlighting the need for flexibility and adaptation. In addition, a new paradigm is proposed regarding the effectiveness of international humanitarian law in contemporary wars, underscoring its limitations in the face of nuclear powers and the reconfiguration of the global order.
The Colombian Navy and COTECMAR are strengthening the country's defense industrial base and, as a result, boosting the Colombian economy through the development of the shipbuilding industry and related industries. This article seeks, first, to present the efforts that have been made in Colombia to date to strengthen the shipbuilding industry, then to describe the problem identified, which is the lack of a national shipbuilding strategy, and finally to present recommendations for formulating a strategy to optimize the efforts of companies in the sector based on the main challenges and opportunities, thereby maintaining a virtuous circle that will strengthen the country's defense industrial base through the development of the shipbuilding industry.
Almost every aspect of today's world relies on the use of cyberspace and technological processes that depend on the Internet for interconnectivity and data transmission, which are fundamental elements of social dynamics. Therefore, this article aims to explore disruptive technologies, focusing particularly on artificial intelligence and its impact on cybercrime behavior. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, based on a systematic review of literature and case analysis, this research seeks to explore and analyze data related to the misuse of artificial intelligence. This helps to clearly establish the scope, range, and thematic justification of the study. Artificial intelligence represents a major advance in solving various problems facing society as a whole; however, it also presents significant obstacles when confronting a new generation of contemporary cyber threats.
Este trabajo aborda la salud mental y la resiliencia en los profesionales de la seguridad y defensa, explorando los desafíos psicológicos que enfrentan en la era posmoderna. Se analizan los factores de riesgo asociados a la exposición prolongada al estrés, el trauma y la toma de decisiones bajo presión, así como las estrategias de afrontamiento que pueden mitigar su impacto. La resiliencia se presenta como un eje central en la protección del bienestar emocional, destacándose la importancia de la formación en gestión del estrés y el fortalecimiento de redes de apoyo. Asimismo, se revisan terapias innovadoras como la realidad virtual, la estimulación cerebral no invasiva y la terapia de reprocesamiento ocular. Finalmente, se examinan las políticas de salud mental implementadas en diversas instituciones, resaltando avances y barreras persistentes.
Desde la Armada de Colombia y COTECMAR se fortalece la base industrial de defensa del país y, en consecuencia, se jalona la economía colombiana a través del desarrollo de la industria astillera y sus afines. El presente artículo busca en primer lugar, presentar las gestiones que se han realizado en Colombia hasta el momento para potencializar la industria astillera, luego, describir la problemática identificada consistente en la carencia de una estrategia nacional de la construcción naval, y finalmente, presentar recomendaciones para formular una estrategia, con el fin de optimizar los esfuerzos de empresas del sector a partir de los principales retos y oportunidades y de esta manera mantener un círculo virtuoso que permita fortalecer la base industrial de defensa del país a través del desarrollo de la industria astillera.
El artículo analiza el empoderamiento de las lideresas del sector Manantiales de Paz, en la vereda Granizal del municipio de Bello, Antioquia, y el impacto del trabajo articulado con el Programa Fe en Colombia, del Batallón de Acción Integral y Desarrollo N.º 7 del Ejército Nacional, en el marco de la campaña “Mi Vereda Modelo”. A partir de una metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas, reuniones comunitarias e interinstitucionales y análisis documental, se evidencia que, pese a contextos de vulnerabilidad y violencia, la resiliencia comunitaria ha fortalecido capacidades locales y procesos de transformación social. Los resultados muestran avances en dimensiones social, económica, ambiental y educativa, así como en el fortalecimiento de la gobernanza institucional y el empoderamiento comunitario, contribuyendo al desarrollo sostenible y a la construcción de paz territorial.
Este artículo analiza el conflicto ruso-ucraniano a través de los planteamientos estratégicos de Carl von Clausewitz, Henri Jomini, Basil Liddell Hart y David Galula. Se examinan los errores y virtudes estratégicos de ambos países, como la subestimación del "punto de culminación" clausewitziano, la dispersión de fuerzas contraria a Jomini, el uso ineficaz de la fuerza bruta frente a la estrategia indirecta de Liddell Hart y el fracaso en ganar a la población civil de las zonas del área de operaciones según Galula. El análisis revela la vigencia de los principios clásicos en conflictos modernos, destacando la necesidad de flexibilidad y adaptación. Además, se plantea un nuevo paradigma sobre la efectividad del Derecho Internacional Humanitario en guerras contemporáneas, subrayando sus límites ante potencias nucleares y la reconfiguración del orden global.
La realidad vital del mundo actual en casi todos los aspectos se fundamenta en el uso del ciberespacio y los procesos tecnológicos basados en el servicio que proporciona el internet para la interconectividad y la transmisión de datos como parte de la dinámica social. Así las cosas, el objetivo de este artículo es profundizar como las tecnologías disruptivas, especialmente la inteligencia artificial, afectan a los seres humanos y observar su incidencia en el comportamiento de la cibercriminalidad. En este sentido y bajo un método descriptivo se pretende explorar en el uso indebido de la inteligencia artificial y su enorme impacto negativo en la sociedad, la cual enfrenta verdaderos desafíos cuando se trata de asimilar una nueva generación de amenazas cibernéticas contemporáneas para los cuales aún no estaba preparada.
Este artículo describe el impacto de Littoral Commander, un juego de guerra diseñado para mejorar habilidades críticas en la formación naval militar. El juego ofrece un entorno experiencial que replica condiciones tácticas, operacionales y estratégicas realistas, facilitando el desarrollo de competencias prácticas esenciales. Se efectuó una prueba piloto del juego, que permitió evaluar la viabilidad de Littoral Commander como recurso educativo en el contexto militar, observando las percepciones de los oficiales sobre el realismo y utilidad del juego en escenarios simulados. Así mismo, se midió el impacto del uso del juego definiendo tres criterios de evaluación basadas en tres habilidades: tácticas operacionales, liderazgo y toma de decisiones bajo presión. La evaluación se efectuó con la aplicación de cuestionarios y ejercicios simulados pre y post intervención. Por último, este trabajo propone una guía didáctica para optimizar la integración pedagógica del juego en la Escuela Naval de Cadetes “Almirante Padilla”.
La justicia transicional ha tomado relevancia en el ordenamiento colombiano en los últimos años, como respuesta directa a las múltiples violaciones de derechos humanos que han tenido lugar desde el siglo pasado. El funcionamiento de estos tribunales denota la importancia de que se cumplan las garantías para la no repetición de vejámenes, así como el alcanzar objetivos trazados por el Estado, frente a las víctimas y comparecientes de estos modelos de justicia que permanecen vigentes hasta hoy. La justicia transicional comprendida como un proceso necesario en la sociedad, el cual requiere la participación de los actores, víctimas, así como de la sociedad civil, entendiendo que el mismo busca transformar y recuperar el tejido social. Por lo anterior es crucial el control y monitoreo sobre la eficacia y eficiencia de los órganos judiciales, así como el cumplimiento de sus compromisos frente a las víctimas y comparecientes.
