This study aims to explore innovation in mathematics learning through the application of the design thinking approach to support students' mathematical creative thinking skills. The research employed an exploratory mixed-method approach based on the design thinking framework, focusing on the empathize, define, and ideate stages. The study involved 160 students and 11 mathematics teachers from four madrasahs in Kendal Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews and analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis supported by triangulation techniques. In addition, a meta-analysis of 11 relevant studies was conducted using the OpenMEE application to examine the effectiveness of several proposed learning solutions. The results of the empathize stage showed that 67% of students had positive emotional responses toward mathematics learning, while 65% experienced difficulties in remembering formulas and 57.5% had difficulty understanding mathematical concepts. At the define stage, the main problems identified were students’ difficulties in understanding abstract mathematical concepts, low learning motivation, and the need for more interactive and differentiated learning approaches. The ideate stage generated several potential solutions, including the development of differentiated learning supported by interactive media such as H5P and Edpuzzle as well as the implementation of the REACT learning model. The meta-analysis results indicated a large and statistically significant effect of these learning innovations on improving students' mathematical abilities, with an estimated effect size of 1.683 (p < 0.001; 95% CI = 1.022–2.345). These findings suggest that integrating design thinking with evidence-based learning innovations can provide effective strategies for improving students’ mathematical creative thinking skills and creating more interactive and student-centered mathematics learning environments.
This paper proposes a technological approach to stopping violence in educational settings by integrating education and digital child protection. We conducted a qualitative, systematic literature review of national and international databases and analyzed policy recommendations regarding UNESCO, UNICEF, WHO, and the Indonesian Regulation No. 46/2023. The inclusion criteria included 20 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2025. We coded the types of violence, technology functions, roles of users and implementation contexts using content analysis. Three barriers are identified by the findings, including low educator competence in inclusive pedagogy and positive discipline, poor child- and disability-friendly facilities, and stigma of diversity that carries over into virtual communications. Reliant on these trends, the suggested model incorporates three domains. First, SOPs, privacy standards, and role-based workflow that connect reporting to accountable response and the protection of confidentiality are determined by digital safeguarding governance. Second, inclusive learning is enhanced by technology guaranteeing digital access, inculcation of digital citizenship and character values, and routines of safe interactions across platforms. Third, digital protection systems offer confidential or anonymous reporting, case-documentation, referral to counseling services and school-climate monitoring as an early warning.
This study investigates the integration of translanguaging within digital learning ecosystems to enhance English reading comprehension among bilingual Madrasah students, a context where Arabic religious literacy and academic English intersect. Using an integrated mixed-methods design, data were collected from 140 grade 11 students at two State Madrasahs in Indonesia. The quantitative phase employed a quasi-experimental design analyzed via ANCOVA, while the qualitative phase utilized screen-recording analysis and stimulated recall interviews. The results demonstrated that the translanguaging group significantly outperformed the monolingual group in reading comprehension (p<.001, n2p = .26). Qualitatively, the study revealed a "metacognitive bridging" mechanism where students strategically mobilized their Arabic grammatical logic (e.g., Mubtada-Khobar structures) to decode complex English syntactical patterns in digital spaces. These findings suggest that digital translanguaging does not merely function as a scaffold but acts as a cognitive resource that validates students' socioreligious linguistic identities. The study concludes by proposing a translingual digital pedagogy framework that integrates multilingual repertoires into formal English language teaching, particularly within Islamic educational institutions.
This study aims to develop interactive student worksheets based on a scientific approach for primary school students on the topic of ‘Economic Activities.’ Using the ADDIE model, the worksheets were validated by subject matter, language, and media experts. Data was collected through expert validation and practicality questionnaires from students and teachers. The pilot study involved 22 students and 1 instructor, and data analysis was conducted quantitatively. The results showed that the worksheets were highly feasible and practical, with expert validation scores of 96.5% for content, 94.75% for media, and 81% for language, and practicality scores of 86.28% from students and 80.61% from teachers. The pretest and posttest results indicated an improvement in students' scores from 61.8 to 82.7, with an N-Gain score of 0.6% (57.1%). This study highlights the effectiveness of interactive worksheets in improving students' understanding of economic concepts and critical thinking skills.
The integration of digital technology in history education is still limited in many Islamic secondary schools, where learning is often dominated by text-based instruction that reduces student engagement and learning outcomes. This study aims to develop and evaluate Android-based learning media for Islamic Cultural History to improve student learning outcomes at Madrasah Aliyah Qamarul Huda Bagu. This research method uses a research and development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model, followed by a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design to test the effectiveness of the learning. Data were collected through expert validation instruments, student response questionnaires, and achievement tests, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, normalized gain (N-gain), and comparative analysis of pre-test and post-test scores. The results indicate that the developed Android-based learning media is valid and practical, as confirmed by expert assessments and positive student responses. Furthermore, statistical analysis shows a significant increase in student learning outcomes after the media implementation, with the improvement in learning outcomes being in the moderate to high effectiveness category. These findings suggest that Android-based learning media can serve as an effective teaching tool that enhances conceptual understanding and active engagement in learning Islamic Cultural History.
This study examines how guidance and counseling management planning is constructed in two Islamic boarding schools and how these distinct planning architectures shape santri’s Career Decision Self-Efficacy (CDSE). Employing a qualitative comparative multisite design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis involving school leaders, counselors, and students in two pesantren with contrasting management orientations. Data were analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña’s interactive model with triangulation and informant validation. Findings reveal two contrasting planning models. Ar-Raudhatul Hasanah applies a humanistic-based planning approach emphasizing relational support, emotional regulation, and self-appraisal, which primarily strengthens the self-appraisal and emotional coping dimensions of CDSE. Darul Mursyid employs a psychometric-based planning architecture grounded in IQ, talent–interest, and STIFIn assessments integrated with academic and career coaching, which mainly enhances goal selection and planning dimensions of CDSE. Interpreted through Bandura’s self-efficacy theory and Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), these qualitative findings demonstrate that CDSE is not merely an individual trait but is institutionally shaped through different counseling management ecosystems. The study contributes to counseling management and Islamic education by showing how alternative planning models within pesantren can produce distinct pathways for strengthening students’ career decision self-efficacy.
Academic burnout among secondary school students has become an increasing concern, particularly in digital learning environments where systematic assessment and early detection remain limited. This study aimed to develop and validate BURNTES (Burnout Test for Students), an Android-based burnout assessment application designed to support guidance and counseling services in Indonesian secondary schools. Using a research and development approach, the study adopted the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Data were collected through needs analysis, expert judgment, small-group trials, and preliminary effectiveness testing. Content validity was evaluated by five experts using Aiken’s V index, yielding a coefficient of 0.67, which indicates high and acceptable validity. Practicality testing involving 20 students and three counseling teachers resulted in a usability score of 88.7%, categorized as very practical. The effectiveness of BURNTES was examined using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, demonstrating a significant improvement in students’ ability to detect and understand burnout symptoms after application use (p < 0.001), supported by a large effect size (r = 0.873). These findings indicate that BURNTES is a valid, practical, and effective digital assessment tool that enhances the accuracy and efficiency of academic burnout detection and supports data-driven early intervention in school counseling contexts.
This study aimed to adapt and validate the Classroom English Proficiency Scale (CEPS) for English language teachers in Indonesia using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM). The CFA confirmed that the four latent dimensions—Grammar, Pronunciation, Interaction, and Instruction—fit well within a second-order structure representing a single construct of classroom English proficiency. Rasch analysis further supported the unidimensionality assumption, with variance explained by measures exceeding the recommended criterion. The scale showed high reliability, and all items met model-fit expectations. The five-point Likert rating scale functioned effectively, with ordered Andrich thresholds and consistent category use. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analysis indicated that 11 of 12 items were invariant across gender groups, except CEPS_2 (“I can use a wide range of English vocabulary”), which was slightly more difficult for male respondents. Overall, the Indonesian-adapted CEPS demonstrated strong validity, reliability, and fairness, confirming its suitability for assessing English proficiency in classroom contexts. The CEPS can serve as a reliable diagnostic and evaluative tool for English language teachers in teacher education and EFL assessment settings.
The development of digital technology has significantly impacted the Islamic education system, including the learning of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) in Islamic schools (madrasahs). This study aims to analyze the transformation of digital-based fiqh learning methods and their impact on improving students' religious literacy at the State Islamic Junior High School (MTsN) in Rokan Hilir. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research subjects included fiqh teachers, students, and the madrasah principal. The results show that the transformation of digital-based fiqh learning methods at MTsN Rokan Hilir was carried out through the integration of learning media such as Google Classroom, YouTube Edufiqih, Quizizz, and Canva for Education. The implementation of these media was able to shift students' learning paradigm from passive to active and encouraged an increased understanding of Islamic legal values. Students were more critical in exploring legal sources, discussing contemporary fiqh issues, and showed significant improvements in religious literacy. Teachers acted as facilitators and curators of digital content to ensure learning remained compliant with sharia principles. However, this study also identified several challenges, such as limited digital resources, gaps in internet access, and teachers' ability to master learning technology.
The background of the research is the low critical thinking ability of high school students and the ongoing gap in research on the development of digital-based learning media. This research aims to develop high school students' critical thinking skills while integrating the augmented reality platform, assembler edu, and google sites into one three-dimensional learning media. This type of research is research and development which adopts the Borg and Gall approach. The research subject were 200 high school students from two different schools. Data collection techniques used interviews, observations, documentation studies, and tests. The media design was tested through validation tests, small trials, extensive trials, and large-scale trials. The data analysis technique used a multivariate T-test to measure the significance of the treatment and N-Gain scores to measure the effectiveness of the media. The results showed an increase in critical thinking skills in the pretest and posttest scores of 51%. The results of the multivariate T-test showed a significant increase before and after media implementation with a sig value of 0.000 <0.05. The N-Gain test showed a result of 0.84>0.7, meaning that the effectiveness of the learning media was in the High category. The responses of teachers and students to the learning media were 90% and 83% respectively, meaning that teachers and students very well received the media.Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the Auregos learning media can improve high school students' critical thinking skills. The implications of utilizing Auregos learning media can support the sustainable improvement of the quality of economics learning in high schools.
Advances in digital technology have created substantial opportunities for instructional innovation, particularly in higher education institutions facing limitations in physical facilities such as computer laboratories. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a blended learning model supported by Google Classroom as a solution to the shortage of computer laboratories in the Information and Communication Technology course. The research method employed was research and development with an instructional design approach based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and analysis of student performance within the blended learning environment. The findings revealed that the blended learning model not only enhanced students’ learning independence but also improved teaching effectiveness by optimizing digital resources. Moreover, the implementation of Google Classroom provided flexibility in accessing materials, facilitated more dynamic interaction, and reduced the operational burden on computer laboratories. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of digital instructional strategies with the specific needs of faith-based higher education institutions, which remain underexplored in the higher education literature. Accordingly, this study contributes to the development of adaptive instructional models that can be applied in other educational institutions facing similar infrastructural constraints.
This paper is a systematic literature review of the SECI model in technical education, entrepreneurship and organizational settings. Although the SECI model has been widely applied to explain knowledge creation, prior studies have predominantly emphasized its structural, procedural, and technological extensions, while giving less attention to the relational and motivational factors that shape knowledge-sharing processes. Using PRISMA guidelines, Scopus-indexed empirical studies published between 2016 and 2025 were systematically identified, screened, and selected based on their explicit application of SECI and their relevance to innovation, learning or performance outcomes. A total of 21 studies were synthesized into four themes: (1) the role of SECI in competency development in technical education, (2) the application of SECI in entrepreneurial and product innovation contexts, (3) relational, psychological, and cultural enablers of knowledge creation, and (4) the adaptation and evolution of the SECI model. The findings indicate that SECI supports competency development, innovation processes, and organizational performance. Furthermore, its effectiveness is strongly influenced by relational and motivational factors such as trust, intrinsic motivation, and interpersonal interaction. This review offers an integrative conceptual understanding of SECI that foregrounds relational and motivational factors as foundational conditions for effective knowledge creation in technical education and entrepreneurial ecosystems.
The development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has opened new pedagogical opportunities, yet empirical studies exploring how secondary school teachers in developing countries navigate its ethical and practical tensions remain scarce. This study aims to fill this gap by providing an in-depth understanding of teachers’ perceptions and experiences in adapting Generative AI in Indonesian secondary schools. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, this study involved eight teachers utilizing platforms such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Canva AI. Data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings reveal a complex paradox: while teachers perceive Generative AI as a powerful creative tool that accelerates lesson planning and time efficiency, they simultaneously experience heightened anxiety regarding student dependency, the erosion of authentic critical thinking, and the blurring of academic integrity. Furthermore, teachers face tensions between the push for digital innovation and the lack of robust institutional ethical guidelines. This study contributes unique theoretical insights by conceptualizing teacher AI adoption not merely as technological acceptance, but as an ongoing ethical negotiation. Practically, the findings urge policymakers to design culturally responsive, ethically grounded AI training programs rather than purely technical workshops, ensuring sustainable human-AI collaboration in education.
Narrative writing is not merely a linguistic skill but a medium for preserving cultural memory, expressing identity, and transmitting indigenous knowledge across generations. This study aims to examine the implementation of genre-based pedagogy mediated through Facebook in teaching narrative writing among the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD), an indigenous community in Jambi, Indonesia, and to explore its linguistic and socio-cultural impacts. Employing a qualitative case study design grounded in ethnopedology, the research involved eight indigenous learners, two facilitators, and one cultural leader. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, analysis of students’ narrative texts, and digital interactions within a Facebook learning group. The findings show that the three stages of genre pedagogy—modeling, joint construction, and independent construction—supported learners’ development of narrative structure, coherence, cultural representation, and reflective meaning-making. While challenges in writing mechanics, such as grammar and punctuation, remained, learners demonstrated meaningful progress in transforming oral storytelling traditions into cohesive written narratives. Beyond linguistic outcomes, the learning process fostered increased motivation, confidence, and cultural pride, and preserved indigenous stories through digital documentation. The study concludes that integrating genre based pedagogy with social media can effectively bridge oral traditions and digital literacy, positioning writing as a form of cultural empowerment for indigenous and marginalized communities.
Despite the growing integration of technology in education, many elementary school teachers particularly those in suburban areas continue to demonstrate limited ICT proficiency. While previous studies have extensively examined technology integration and teacher motivation, there remains a lack of in-depth qualitative research exploring how senior teachers with limited digital competence experience and negotiate technology adoption through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT), especially in under-resourced contexts. Addressing this gap, this study investigates senior elementary school teachers’ experiences in integrating technology into classroom practices, focusing on both the challenges encountered and the perceived benefits. Grounded in SDT, the study emphasizes the roles of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in shaping teachers’ motivation for technology use. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving nine elementary school teachers from suburban areas in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The findings reveal that although teachers recognize the potential of technology to enhance teaching effectiveness and student engagement, they face significant barriers, including limited infrastructure, insufficient training, and difficulties aligning technology with pedagogy. The results further highlight that teachers’ motivation to adopt technology is strongly influenced by the fulfillment of their psychological needs. This study contributes to the literature by providing contextualized insights into how SDT operates in low-resource educational settings and underscores the importance of sustained professional development and systemic support to improve technology integration among teachers.
This research intends to examine how Islamic education is changing digitally with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, the influence it has on the efficiency of the educational experience, and the obstacles and possibilities for its application in advancing Islamiceducation during the digital age. The study used a qualitative approach with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method through the stages of identification, selection, evaluation, and synthesis of various national and international scientific journals published between 2021 and 2026. Data sources were obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Garuda. Data analysis techniques used content analysis to identify relevant themes, concepts, and research findings. The results show that the use of Artificial Intelligence plays a significant role in supporting the digital transformation of Islamic education through adaptive learning, digital learning media, automated evaluation, educational chatbots, and technology-based learning systems. The use of AI has a positive impact on learning effectiveness by increasing interactivity, flexibility, personalization of learning, and digital literacy of students and teachers. However, the implementation of AI also faces challenges such as limited digital competence of educators, technological infrastructure, and ethical and spiritual issues in the use of technology. The contribution of this research is to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the implementation of AI in Islamic education and to serve as a conceptual reference for the development of digital technology-based Islamic education policies and learning innovations that remain based on Islamic values.
This study aims to develop a Socio Scientific Issue (SSI) Based Interactive Learning Module in the subject of Islamic Religious Education and Ethics at the basic level by using the ADDIE development model which involves the stages of needs analysis, design, development, limited trials, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects involved 120 elementary school students in Bojonegoro. Data collection instruments include expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and observation of student involvement and communication in learning. This module is designed to integrate socio-scientific issues into learning so that it is able to foster an understanding of Islamic values as well as 21st century skills, especially students' active participation and communication skills. The validation of the feasibility of the module was carried out by three experts with very decent results, namely 98% media experts, 97% linguists, and 95% learning experts. Implementation trials showed a significant increase in student engagement, with participation increasing by up to 85% compared to conventional learning, and communication skills increasing by 92%. The implications of this research emphasize the effectiveness of SSI-based modules in enhancing learning quality, strengthening student engagement, and integrating Islamic values with critical thinking and communication skills. This model can support innovative and character-based learning in primary education. Future research may expand implementation to different contexts, introduce more complex SSI themes, and evaluate long-term impacts on students’ moral and critical reasoning development.
This study addresses the limited availability of validated diagnostic instruments for assessing teacher candidate competencies in microteaching courses, a gap that has resulted in inconsistent evaluation practices and weak competency identification. In many teacher education programs, microteaching assessments still rely on informal observations and subjective judgments, which limits the accuracy of competency diagnosis and weakens feedback for professional development. The absence of standardized and validated diagnostic tools has made it difficult to systematically identify specific strengths and weaknesses of teacher candidates. The research aimed to develop an evaluation and self-reflection instrument covering four key teacher competencies: pedagogical, professional, personality, and social. Using the ADDIE development model, the instrument was designed, validated by expert reviewers, and tested with Biology Education students in their microteaching course. Validation processes confirmed high feasibility across design, content, and language aspects. User testing with students and lecturers also indicated strong acceptability and practical relevance. The resulting instrument provides a structured and multi-dimensional framework for diagnosing competency strengths and weaknesses, offering more systematic support for improving teacher candidate performance in microteaching settings.
In real life, the economy is open and continuously developing, so in its learning, critical thinking skills are needed to make it easier to understand. Students need to be taught to connect the theoretical concepts taught in the classroom with real-world situations. Project-Based Learning supported by an e-module is present to overcome this issue. However, several studies have focused on science subjects or urban contexts and have not specifically addressed border (3T) regions. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning supported by the e-module model in improving students’ critical thinking skills in high school economics learning in the context of Indonesia’s border regions. For this purpose, we used a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent Control Group design involving 162 eleventh-grade students from public senior high schools in Malaka Regency, at the Indonesia–Timor Leste border. The students were divided into two groups: the experimental group, which was given the Project-Based Learning supported by e-module treatment, and the control group, which used traditional textbook-based methods. To measure students’ critical thinking skills, 20 HOTS-level questions that had been tested for validity and reliability were administered. For comparison, we analyzed the covariance (ANCOVA) test by controlling the pretest variable. The results of this study showed that the Project-Based Learning supported by the e-module proved to be more effective than the traditional method. This result was also supported by questionnaire findings showing that almost all students considered the Project-Based Learning supported by e-module learning to be interesting and enjoyable.
This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in supporting teachers’ learning administration and its implications for work efficiency and educational service quality in Karawang Regency. The research employs a qualitative literature review design, drawing data from national and international journals, academic books, conference proceedings, and relevant educational policy documents published over the last decade. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis, involving systematic literature selection, coding, categorisation, and theme development related to AI implementation, its impacts, and challenges in educational administration. The findings reveal that AI is utilised in various administrative activities, including grade processing, attendance management, electronic report card generation, academic documentation management, and real-time monitoring of student learning progress. The use of AI significantly improves teachers’ work efficiency by reducing administrative workloads, minimising data entry errors, and enhancing the accuracy and transparency of academic information. Consequently, teachers are able to allocate more time and attention to instructional planning and classroom learning activities. Despite these benefits, several challenges persist, such as inadequate digital infrastructure, disparities in teachers’ digital literacy, and concerns regarding student data security and privacy. Overall, the study concludes that AI integration in educational administration holds strong potential to improve educational service quality when supported.
