Promoting halal businesses become urgent, as the global halal economy is projected to exceed USD 5 trillion by 2030, and Indonesia is of key contributor. However, despite the high entrepreneurial intention among university students, their participation in halal business activities is comparatively low. This study aims to examine the influence of religiosity on halal entrepreneurial intention in Indonesian Muslim students. Entrepreneurial attitudes, risk-taking propensity, and self-efficacy are considered as mediating variables between religiosity and halal entrepreneurial intention. Data were collected from 378 Muslim students at 47 private universities in West Java and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The structural model explained the variance in halal-based entrepreneurial intentions, with an R-squared of 0.654, indicating that religiosity and the mediator variables together explain approximately 65.4% of the variance in entrepreneurial intentions. The direct path coefficient demonstrates that religiosity significantly affects entrepreneurial attitudes (β = 0.606, p = 0.000), risk-taking propensity (β = 0.591, p = 0.000), self-efficacy (β = 0.653, p = 0.000), and intention to engage in halal entrepreneurship (β = 0.293, p = 0.000). All three mediating paths are statistically significant, with self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitudes showing the strongest indirect effects (β = 0.156 each), followed by risk-taking propensity (β = 0.091). These results show that self-efficacy is the most influential factor, suggesting that higher religiosity is associated with greater self-confidence, moral resilience, and motivation for running a business in accordance with sharia principles. These findings extend the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) into an Islamic context and have implications for universities and policymakers in designing halal entrepreneurship education.
The increasing demand for halal-friendly gelatin, combined with concerns over health risks associated with mammalian sources, has created a need for alternative raw materials. Fish scales from local species, such as parrotfish, offer a sustainable and promising option that has yet to be extensively explored. The study aims to investigate the physicochemical properties of gelatin extracted from the scales of the parrotfish (Scarus quoyi) scales. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimal concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and immersion time to maximize yield and quality. Physicochemical properties, including yield, moisture content, ash content, pH, and viscosity, were evaluated, and the structural characteristics of the gelatin were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). All processing steps were conducted in compliance with Halal Critical Control Points (HCCPs) to ensure the final product remained free from cross-contamination with non-halal substances. Response surface methodology optimization identified 4% HCl concentration and 29.4 hours of immersion as optimal conditions. These conditions produce gelatin with a yield, moisture, ash, pH, and viscosity are 14.5%, 4%, 0.48%, 4.15, and 1.78 cP, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed that the extracted gelatin exhibited absorption peaks consistent with those of commercial gelatin, indicating a functional group similarity. Compared to gelatin from other fish species, parrotfish gelatin demonstrated a competitive yield and notably low moisture content, thereby enhancing its stability and storage potential. These findings highlight the potential of parrotfish scales as a sustainable source of halal gelatin, contributing to waste reduction and offering a viable alternative to mammalian gelatin.
Understanding the factors that influence Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs’) to obtain halal certification is important because it can help increase their participation, strengthen consumer trust, and promote sustainable growth in the halal sector. This study aims to analyze the determinants influencing MSMEs’ decisions to pursue halal certification, focusing on five critical factors: consumer awareness, regulatory processes, trust and reputation, economic considerations, and religiosity. Employing a quantitative explanatory research design, supplemented by qualitative interviews, data were collected from 100 MSMEs’ operating in the food, beverage, cosmetics, and fashion sectors. All constructs showed high validity and reliability, with Cronbach’s Alpha ranging from 0.783 to 0.828 and item-total correlations above 0.30, while the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test confirmed that the residuals followed a normal distribution. Additionally, Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) and tolerance values indicated no multicollinearity among the independent variables, and the Glejser test showed no heteroskedasticity, supporting the regression model’s validity and reliability. The results indicate that consumer awareness (β = 0.308, p < 0.01), regulatory processes (β = 0.153, p < 0.05), trust and reputation (β = 0.204, p < 0.05), and religiosity (β = 0.249, p < 0.01) significantly and positively influence MSMEs’ decisions to pursue halal certification, while economic factors (β = 0.020, p = 0.764) have no significant effect. The study concludes that consumer awareness, regulatory process, trust, and religiosity influence MSMEs' decisions to pursue halal certification.
Identifying the needs of Muslim travelers is crucial for the tourism industry’s development, particularly as the demand for Muslim-friendly tourism increases alongside the global Muslim population. This study aims to understand the perspectives and factors influencing the needs of Muslim tourists with halal and Muslim-friendly tourism in South Korea. This study employs a qualitative phenomenological approach, collecting primary data from 18 semi-structured interviews conducted in Seoul, supplemented by secondary and observational data. The data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis software (QDA Miner Lite), and validity testing was conducted using internal and external validity tests. This research outlines the key requirements that South Korea, as a Muslim-minority country, must fulfill to establish a halal-friendly image, such as providing halal food, worship facilities, transportation, accommodation, safety, and destinations. Supported by various studies on the needs of Muslim tourists and the challenges in implementing these facilities, the findings emphasize the crucial roles of standardization, infrastructure, and cultural sensitivity in attracting and satisfying Muslim travelers. South Korea has made progress in developing travel facilities, but additional improvements in halal services and regulations are needed to better meet the needs of Muslim travelers.
This study examines the impact of beauty influencers, brand image, and awareness of halal certification on Muslim women’s purchasing decisions regarding non-halal certified beauty products, utilizing the Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) framework. Data were collected from 290 respondents and analyzed with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The model explains 74.4% of the variance in purchase decisions and 62.7% of the variance in attitude, indicating strong explanatory power. The results reveal that beauty influencers have a significant impact on brand image (β = 0.146, p < 0.01) and attitude (β = 0.072, p < 0.05), while brand image has a strong influence on attitude (β = 0.778, p < 0.001). Attitude has a substantial positive effect on purchase decisions (β = 0.677, p < 0.001) and mediates the impact of beauty influencers on purchasing behavior. In contrast, brand image does not directly influence purchase decisions. Furthermore, awareness of halal certification negatively affects purchasing decisions (β = –0.235, p < 0.001) and weakens the relationship between attitude and purchasing decisions (β = –0.076, p < 0.01). These findings underscore the pivotal role of consumer attitudes in shaping purchase intentions, while also highlighting the significance of halal awareness in the beauty industry. The study suggests that strengthening halal literacy and implementing strategic marketing are essential for enhancing consumer trust and supporting the growth of halal-certified beauty products.
