Flexibility is an important paradigm for future WiFi networks. However, it also opens the possibility for diverse methods of cheating, which users can perform to increase their throughput. Therefore, it is important to develop the necessary tools to mitigate such efforts. In this paper we first discuss the risks of flexibility in terms of misbehaviour. We then propose an architecture to detect misbehaviour and react by punishing the cheaters. The proposed architecture utilizes advanced passive monitoring, flexible WiFi software, and appropriate reasoning to detect cheating. We validate its performance and discuss means of punishment.
Internet systems are currently too complex to be entirely designed in advance and therefore must be thoroughly evaluated in realistic environments. Experimentally driven research is at the heart of Future Internet Research and Experiment (FIRE) facilities, which target various experimenter profiles, ranging from core Internet communities and sensor networks to clouds and web services. Such facilities exist in relative isolation to the detriment of innovative research ideas that could arise from the mixture of their diverse technologies and resources, and their combined power. Internet research communities can benefit from gaining access to a larger number and variety of resources through a federation of these facilities. To this end, we present an architecture to support such a federation of Future Internet experimentation facilities, based on use cases and requirements from infrastructure owners, as well as services and first line support communities.
The present Internet limits the performance of applications that need real- time interaction. This is in part because the design of the network has been optimised to boost throughput, maximising ef ...
This poster presents the key ideas behind the ICT CROWD (Connectivity management for eneRgy Optimised Wireless Dense networks) project, funded by the European Commission. The project moves from the observation that wireless traffic demand is currently growing exponentially. This growing demand can only be satisfied by increasing the density of points of access and combining different wireless technologies. Mobile network operators have already started to push for denser, heterogeneous deployments; however, current technology needs to steer towards efficiency, to avoid unsustainable energy consumption and network performance implosion due to interference. In this context, CROWD pursues four key goals: (i) bringing density-proportional capacity where it is needed, (ii) optimising MAC mechanisms operating in very dense deployments by explicitly accounting for density as a resource rather than as an impediment, (iii) enabling traffic-proportional energy consumption, and (iv) guaranteeing mobile user's quality of experience by designing smarter connectivity management solutions.
Although there are many “measurements” of the Internet today, they operate independently. So measurement results are hard to compare and systems are hard to scale and integrate into existing network management. This paper presents an architecture for large-scale measurements, analyses the interactions between the various components and discusses how to standardise a couple of the interactions. Such a standardised architecture could allow measurement capabilities to be embedded into every home gateway and edge device, thereby enabling (for example) operators to provision and manage their networks more effectively.
The delivery of 3D immersive media to individual users remains a highly challenging problem due to the large amount of data involved, diverse network characteristics and user terminal requirements, as well as users' context such as their preferences and location. As the number of visual views increases, current systems struggle to meet the demanding requirements in terms of delivery of consistent video quality to fixed and mobile users. The ROMEO (Remote Collaborate Multimedia Experience over the Future Internet) project funded under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission focuses on the delivery of live and collaborative 3D immersive media. This facilitates application scenarios such as immersive social TV and high quality immersive and real-time collaboration. In order to support these application scenarios, the project focuses on developing new methods for compressing and delivering 3D multi-view video and spatial audio, as well as optimising the networking and compression jointly across the Future Internet. The proposed solution combines the Digital Video Broadcast-Terrestrial2 (DVB-T2) broadcast technology together with a Quality of Experience (QoE) aware Peer-to-Peer (P2P) distribution system that operates over wired and wireless links. An audio-visual communication overlay is also utilised for bringing the remote collaborators together to jointly enjoy the streamed 3D immersive media, which in turn requires the live streaming 3D content to be received by the collaborating users all at the same time with only an un-noticeable latency. This paper introduces the overall system architecture of the ROMEO project as well as some preliminary results.
Small cell deployment is one of the most promising technology trends to cope with the rising need for very high data rates foreseen in future mobile networks. Nevertheless, it has the side effect of introducing more complex interference scenarios, needing to be properly managed by means of coordination mechanisms. The recently introduced Cloud-RAN architecture, based on centralized processing, enables the implementation of efficient interference prevention and cancelation algorithms across multiple cells. However, it struggles with the need of high-capacity front-haul links and cost-intensive deployments. This paper introduces the novel concept of RANaaS (Radio Access Network-as-a-Service) as a flexible architecture based on centralized processing, capable of handling the increasing interference in very dense networks, reducing energy consumption, cost-efficiently deploying and managing cellular networks.
We propose a passive architecture mixing G-PON and VDSL2 technologies. We evaluate a single-user per port FTTdp prototype providing up to 100Mbit/s bidirectional bit rate per customer over 100m from the distribution point.
New emerging high performance and distributed applications require the interconnection of IT resources through high capacity and flexible networks. In this context, the FP7 GEYSERS project proposes on-demand provisioning of converged Virtual Infrastructures composed of IT and optical network resources, able to support the delivery of cloud services. Virtual Infrastructures must be specifically designed to support the required service loads. However, due to the unpredictable volume and nature of services, dynamic and on-demand re-planning of Virtual Infrastructures is required to allow the operators to support service requests that are not known in advance, while limiting over-provisioning and optimizing the global infrastructure utilization. This paper investigates the business and technical motivations for infrastructure re-planning, and presents different re-planning models in terms of timescales, involved resources and procedure automation. A dedicated cross-layer architectural solution is proposed, describing its implementation within the GEYSERS prototype. Simulation studies are provided to compare the performance of static planning to that of dynamic re-planning, showing the re-planning benefits in terms of resource utilization and energy consumption. Finally, the paper presents the experimental validation of the prototype over the GEYSERS test-bed.
A new end to end architecture based on Long-Reach Passive Optical Network (LR-PON) with wireless integration, a distributed core built of optical transparency islands and an OpenFlow-based control plane, which is being developed in the EU project DISCUS, is described in this paper. The main technological advances and the network modelling and optimization approach are reported.
Wavelength Switched Optical Networks (WSON) were designed with the premise that all channels in a network have the same spectrum needs, based on the ITU-T DWDM grid. However, this rigid grid-based approach is not adapted to the spectrum requirements of the signals that are best candidates for long-reach transmission and high-speed data rates of 400Gbps and beyond. An innovative approach is to evolve the fixed DWDM grid to a flexible grid, in which the optical spectrum is partitioned into fixed-sized spectrum slices. This allows facilitating the required amount of optical bandwidth and spectrum for an elastic optical connection to be dynamically and adaptively allocated by assigning the necessary number of slices of spectrum. The ICT IDEALIST project will provide the architectural design, protocol specification, implementation, evaluation and standardization of a control plane and a network and service management system. This architecture and tools are necessary to introduce dynamicity, elasticity and adaptation in flexi-grid DWDM networks. This paper provides an overview of the objectives, framework, functional requirements and use cases of the elastic control plane and the adaptive network and service management system targeted in the ICT IDEALIST project.
This paper addresses the current regulatory framework, research activities and standardization efforts towards a shared use of radio spectrum in the European Union. Two main research streams are considered: The emerging concept of Licensed Shared Access that ensures a predictable Quality of Service for secondary users of spectrum and the opportunistic Device-to-Device communications that represent a recent and enormous socio-technological trend. The paper presents also research results that support the spectrum sharing standardization path in ETSI and 3GPP.
This study applies the existing knowledge on native and web applications to a specific case study. We compare the strengths and drawbacks of native applications versus web apps with emphasis on cro ...
This paper describes the technical aspects of optical access solutions for mobile fronthaul application. The mobile context and main constraints of fronthaul signals are presented. The need for a demarcation point between the Mobile operator and the Fiber provider is introduced. The optical solution to achieve such a network is discussed. A WDM network with passive monitoring at the antenna site and automatic wavelength assignment is proposed based on self-seeded solution.
We propose a new architecture to enable wireless networks to meet the challenges of ever-increasing demand for high data rate services and ubiquitous connectivity, heterogeneity of access technologies, and spectrum scarcity. This architecture, which we call Networks without Borders, envisions a pool of resources (spectrum, infrastructure, network management, authentication, subscriber tracking services, etc.) from which a virtual wireless network can be orchestrated and instantiated. Flexibility and technology neutrality are key goals of this architecture, mirroring the Internet, where user services are independent of the underlying network control mechanisms or infrastructure. We outline some of the major trends in networking research and commercial deployments that provide an evolutionary path towards Networks without Borders. These trends include virtualization, reliance on small cells, dynamic spectrum sharing, crowdsourcing of wireless access, and inter-mobile operator resource sharing.
According to Cisco's Visual Networking Index forecast, global mobile data traffic grew 2.3-fold in 2011, and has more than doubled for the fourth year in a row. This has entailed expensive network capacity upgrades which reduce cellular network profitability. This drives the need for new data reduction features to decrease the upgrade cost. We tested the data reduction potential of the well known ZDelta compression algorithm by Trendafilov et al. on modern web application sites. The results indicate a high data reduction potential averaging 34%. Further, the additional latency is less than 50 ms for file sizes of up to 350KB.
Real-time dual-band optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) transceivers incorporating DACs/ADCs operating at sampling speeds as low as 4GS/s and FPGA-based DSP clocked at only 100MHz are employed to explore the maximum achievable transmission performance of electro-absorption modulated laser-based multimode fiber (MMF) systems subject to conventional optical launching. Making use of adaptive subcarrier bit and subcarrier/sub-band power loading, record-high 20.125Gb/s over 800m OM2 MMF transmission of real-time dual-band OOFDM signals is experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, with an optical power penalty as low as 1dB. In addition, extensive experimental explorations of dual-band OOFDM capacity versus reach performance are also undertaken over the aforementioned systems consisting of different MMF types and lengths. It is shown that 20.125Gb/s over 100m and 19.625Gb/s over 1000m OOFDM transmissions are obtainable in OM2-only MMF systems, and that 20Gb/s over 100m and 19.375Gb/s over 1000m OOFDM transmissions are achievable in OM1-only MMF systems. Furthermore, in various OM1 and OM2 MMF systems, minimum optical power penalties of <;1dB are observed for MMF transmission distances ranging from 300m to 800m. Experimental results indicate that >19Gb/s over 1000m transmission of dual-band OOFDM signals are practically feasible in any legacy MMF systems.
Future Networks will constitute a complex, highly miscellaneous, decentralized and dynamic environment, the requirements of which cannot be handled by traditional management schemes. The alternative is the approach of governance framework of service and network management, which targets at guidance of the behavior of autonomic and legal network entities and resources, based on specific service demands and business goals. Governance framework will enable the realization of overall control of multi-vendor environment and resources, coherent network behavior, programmability and control autonomy, through policies. To this effect, this paper presents the main challenges of governance framework; the specification of the operators' high level objectives for the determination of the behavior of the managed elements/resources, and the final realization of these from the targeted elements, as well as, the interaction between human operator and network infrastructures. Based on their elaboration, the focus is placed on existing concepts that can constitute the basis for the design of a proper governance framework. In this context, the paper presents the design of a proper interface between the human operator and the network infrastructures, and of suitable functions and techniques for realization of the operator's objectives from the targeted elements, along with implementation information.
This paper presents an economic evaluation of a cognitive radio based solution using TV white space frequencies to increase the capacity of LTE networks. The evaluation is performed from the viewpoint of a mobile operator who is facing capacity problems in its LTE network and wants to assess if using cognitive radio can be a competitive solution. The assessment is done by comparing the costs of implementing the cognitive radio solution to the costs of acquiring a licence for a block of spectrum where both options provide the same capacity increase.
Fast-convolution processing, consisting of an FFT, frequency-domain weights, and an IFFT, offers an effective and very flexible way for implementing multirate filters and filter banks. In recent years, fast-convolution filter banks (FC-FBs) have been considered for channelization filtering in software defined radios and recently also for implementing nearly perfect reconstruction transmultiplexers. FC-FB provides an alternative way of implementing filter bank multicarrier systems with good spectral containment and high flexibility in tuning the subchannel bandwidths and center frequencies. These features make FC-FBs a particularly interesting choice for multicarrier transmission in challenging radio scenarios like dynamic spectrum access, cognitive radio, and fragmented spectrum use. This paper develops an FC-FB based transmission scheme of the FBMC/OQAM type with the main parameters of the 5 MHz LTE system. The main application in mind is the development of broadband data communication service to the evolution of TETRA standards for the Professional Mobile Radio (PMR). In this development, a challenging coexistence scenario is commonly considered, since the idea is to use the spectral slots in the PMR band between the active narrowband TETRA channels for broadband communication.
