Background A lack of schizophrenia-related knowledge and low levels of hope among individuals with schizophrenia can negatively affect treatment adherence, personal recovery, and long-term clinical outcomes. Although psychoeducation and motivational interviewing have demonstrated positive effects in these areas, randomized controlled trials evaluating their combined effects on schizophrenia-related knowledge and hope remain limited. Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of psychoeducation-based motivational interviewing on schizophrenia-related knowledge and hope in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods This single-blind randomized controlled trial included 44 individuals with schizophrenia receiving care at a Community Mental Health Center in Turkey. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 21) and the control group (n = 23). The intervention group received a psychoeducation-based motivational interviewing program consisting of one preparatory session and five main sessions, whereas the control group received routine care. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Demographic Information Form, Schizophrenia Knowledge Scale, and Schizophrenia Hope Scale at three time points: baseline, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the groups in schizophrenia-related knowledge or hope (p > .05). Following the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in schizophrenia-related knowledge (F = 176.060, p < .001, η2 = 0.898) and hope (F = 99.782, p < .001, η2 = 0.833), and these improvements were maintained at the one-month follow-up. Conclusion Psychoeducation-based motivational interviewing is an effective psychiatric nursing intervention for improving schizophrenia-related knowledge and hope among individuals with schizophrenia. Integrating this person-centered, recovery-oriented approach into routine mental health services may enhance active participation in treatment and support personal recovery.
Background As of today, workplace violence (WPV) prevention and management in psychiatric settings remains unexplored, particularly within the nursing sector of Middle Eastern countries like Jordan. Aim This research investigates firsthand experiences among a sample of nurse managers and staff in Jordanian psychiatric hospitals regarding the prevention and management of WPV. Methods A qualitative descriptive design was implemented through semi-structured, single, in-person interviews with a purposive sample of 25 psychiatric nurses (9 nurse managers and 16 staff nurses). Having audible recordings of each interview, the narrative data were transcribed and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) six-step method. Results A total of three major themes were identified: Nurse Managers' Leadership and Management Challenges with the Prevention and Management of WPV, Trying to Develop a Sense of Normality with WPV as Nurse Staff, and lastly, Nurse Managers' and Staff Nurses' Advice for New Nurses. Conclusion The findings indicate an urgent need to improve WPV prevention and management among psychiatric nurses. This may be executed by designing and implementing hands-on educational workshops among nurses in psychiatric settings, aimed at promoting a safe, healthy, and caring work environment. Further studies and prevention interventions are also recommended to reduce WPV and its severity in such environments. In addition, psychiatric nurses need encouragement to actively engage and participate in preventive measures and management interventions regarding WPV.
Background Violence is a global public health problem. Social media addiction may affect the psychological and social health of adolescents. This study aimed to measure social media disorder and violence tendency, and to identify predisposing factors of these behavioral problems in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional design was adopted. The target population consisted of adolescents (aged 14–17 years) attending two high schools in the city center of Türkiye. The study was completed with 904 adolescents. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Social Media Disorder Scale Short Form for Adolescents, and the Violence Tendency Scale. Results Of the adolescents, 25.6% were addicted to social media, and 60.3% had a high tendency toward violence. Adolescents who had a high tendency toward violence (2.1 times) were more likely to be addicted to social media. Adolescents who had social media disorder (2 times) were more likely to have a tendency toward violence. Conclusions The current study revealed that one out of every four adolescents was addicted to social media, and more than half of the adolescents had a high tendency toward violence. There was a positive association between tendency toward violence and social media addiction. Academic level, gender, and daily social media use duration were commonly associated with both social media addiction and tendency toward violence.
This brief report explores how African American women describe the intergenerational transmission of trauma and its perceived influence on stress and cardiometabolic health. Using an Oral History approach, semi-structured interviews were analyzed from participants in the parent HARMONY study. Analytic themes spanned work-life imbalance, medical racism, hypervigilance, reproductive autonomy, and physical safety. Women described balancing “controlled emotions” and “controlled actions” to navigate relationships and maintain bodily control. Although findings are preliminary and non-generalizable, they highlight the value of integrating oral history, life-course, and psychobiological perspectives to inform culturally responsive interventions addressing cycles of embodied harm.
Background Suicide is the leading cause of death among Asian Americans aged 15–24 years, and Asian American populations experienced some of the highest increases in suicide rates from 2021 to 2022. Despite these trends, Asian Americans have the lowest rates of mental healthcare help-seeking and remain underrepresented in mental health research. Addressing mental health disparities requires awareness of the cultural, familial, and systemic factors that shape help-seeking behaviors. Purpose Given the heterogeneity across more than 50 Asian American groups that speak over 100 languages, it is critical to examine the distinct needs of individual groups, including Karen refugees. Karen youth in North Carolina identified mental health as their top health concern. However, no research has examined parents' perspectives on mental health help-seeking in this population. This qualitative descriptive study was designed to address this gap. Methods The study used codebook thematic analysis. Through prolonged community engagement, the interview guide was developed to ensure cultural relevance, linguistic accessibility, and sensitivity to mental health stigma. Twelve Karen refugee parents in North Carolina completed individual semi-structured interviews; nine were conducted in Karen language and three in English. Results Four major themes were identified: refugee camp experiences, post-refugee camp resettlement challenges, intergenerational conflict between parents and children, and resilience. Participants described barriers to mental health help-seeking at the personal, interpersonal, health-system, and societal levels. Conclusions Parents commonly describe parent-child disconnection as negatively affecting mental health. The findings underscore the importance of understanding culturally specific and structural barriers to mental health care.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the knowledge, attitude, and behavior dimensions of medication adherence mediate the associations between illness perceptions and psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS:This cross-sectional study recruited 142 patients with schizophrenia who had stable symptom control from a regional teaching hospital in southern Taiwan. Standardized instruments were used to assess illness perceptions, medication knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and psychotic symptoms. Simple mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. RESULTS:Medication adherence attitudes and behaviors mediated the associations between several illness perception dimensions, including illness identity, timeline acute/chronic, personal control, treatment control, and psychotic symptoms; however, emotional representation was mediated only through medication adherence behavior. Medication knowledge demonstrated a ceiling effect and did not meet the statistical prerequisites for mediation. CONCLUSION:Addressing illness perceptions through interventions that target medication adherence attitudes and behaviors may improve medication adherence and reduce psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Nursing interventions should move beyond knowledge provision alone and address patients' subjective illness beliefs. For patients with prominent emotional distress, behavior-focused supports such as environmental reminders or simplification of medication routines may be particularly important for stabilizing medication adherence.
This study aimed to determine the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty, chronotype, laughter frequency, and hope level in high-risk pregnant women. A descriptive and correlational study was conducted on 240 pregnant women diagnosed with high-risk pregnancy in the obstetric service of a university hospital. Data was collected using an information form, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and the Herth Hope Scale. Independent samples t-test, logistic regression, path analysis, mediation analysis, and latent profile analysis were used to analyze the data. According to the results of latent profile analysis, two different profiles were identified among pregnant women with positive and negative moods. It was observed that socio-economic status, increased number of pregnancy losses, and unplanned pregnancy increased the likelihood of being in the second profile. Path analysis results show no relationship between chronotype and intolerance of uncertainty (p = 0.378). However, laughter was associated with lower level of intolerance of uncertainty and higher levels of hope. In addition, it was found that intolerance of uncertainty was associated with a decrease in the level of hope, while chronotype was associated with higher levels of hope. The Smiley Face Rating Scale was found to partially mediate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and hope, and this mediator mediated 25% of the relationship between the two variables. Considering the diversity of emotions among pregnant women, health professionals can benefit from the effects of laughter that supports coping with uncertainty and maintaining hope.
Aim This study assessed ethical sensitivity, psychological resilience, and compassion fatigue among healthcare workers at a psychiatric hospital in Türkiye and examined the associations among these variables. Methods This cross-sectional study included 135 healthcare workers at a psychiatric hospital. Data were collected between May 27 and June 27, 2025, using the Descriptive Information Form, the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale (CF-SS). The Mann–Whitney U test, independent-samples t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, one-way ANOVA, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis were used to analyze the data. The study was reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. Results The mean age of the healthcare workers was 35.95 ± 8.85 years. The mean total scores were 88.15 ± 19.53 for the MSQ, 18.47 ± 2.63 for the BRS, and 25.76 ± 6.81 for the CF-SS. Ethical sensitivity differed significantly by profession, weekly working hours, and ethics-related education; psychological resilience differed significantly by profession, educational level, and weekly working hours; and compassion fatigue differed significantly by sex, profession, and income status (p < 0.05). Weak negative correlations were found between resilience and scores on the Beneficence and Conflict subscales of the MSQ (p < 0.05). Conclusion No significant correlations were identified among the total scores of ethical sensitivity, psychological resilience, and compassion fatigue. Practice-oriented in-service training may help strengthen ethical sensitivity and psychological resilience. Regular reflective meetings may also provide healthcare workers, particularly psychiatric nurses, with opportunities to discuss challenging clinical experiences.
Background Loneliness is a growing public health concern among older adults, particularly women, and has been consistently linked to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Emotional and social loneliness are distinct dimensions that may relate differently to physical and mental health. This study examined the association between emotional and social loneliness and the physical (PCS-12) and mental (MCS-12) components of HRQoL in community-dwelling older women in Valencia (Spain) and explored the role of age and cohabitation. Methods A cross-sectional study (September 2024–April 2025) recruited women aged ≥60 years attending municipal activity centres. The participants completed sociodemographic surveys, the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS), and the SF-12v2. Reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. Correlations, group comparisons, and hierarchical linear regression analyses, adjusted for age and living situation, were conducted to evaluate associations between loneliness and HRQoL. Results The sample included 250 women (mean age 74.97 years); 57.6% reported moderate loneliness and 7.2% severe loneliness. Loneliness (total score) correlated with poorer scores for PCS-12 (ρ = −0.178) and MCS-12 (ρ = −0.315), with stronger associations for emotional loneliness (PCS-12 ρ = −0.215; MCS-12 ρ = −0.347). Social loneliness showed a weaker association with MCS-12 (ρ = −0.190) and none with PCS-12. In regression analyses, only emotional loneliness remained significantly associated with PCS-12 (B = −1.26, p = 0.002) and MCS-12 (B = −2.16, p < 0.001). Item-level analyses showed that feelings of emptiness were most strongly associated with poorer mental HRQoL (B = −7.20, p < 0.001). No individual item remained significantly associated with physical HRQoL after correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusions Emotional loneliness was more strongly associated with poorer HRQoL, particularly mental HRQoL, suggesting it as a potential target for future nursing interventions.
Aim This study was conducted to determine the effect of tele-nursing counseling on functioning and medication adherence among individuals with bipolar disorder. Method The research was directed utilizing a randomized controlled experimental design with pretest and posttest control groups. The study included 70 individuals (experimental = 35, control = 35) who were followed at a Community Mental Health Center (CMHC). The experimental group received structured tele-nursing counseling consisting of weekly telephone interviews and supportive text messages for eight weeks. The control group continued to receive standard clinical care. Data were gathered utilizing the Introductory Information Form, the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST), and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Results At the end of the eight-week intervention, there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of functional levels (adjusted between-group difference [experimental minus control] = −6.8, 95% CI: −9.8 to −3.7; p < 0.001) and medication adherence (adjusted between-group difference = −2.11, 95% CI: −2.4 to −1.8; p < 0.001), adjusting for baseline scores. Conclusion The findings suggest that tele-nursing counseling may be an influential supportive intervention for cultivating functioning and medication adherence among individuals with bipolar disorder. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT07404943 (Retrospectively registered, February 2026).
Objectives This study was designed to examine the relationship between the quality of family relationships and exposure to peer bullying and exhibiting bullying behaviour among secondary school students. Method The study is a descriptive correlational study. It was conducted with 605 students in grades 5,6,7,8 at three secondary schools in western Turkey. Data were collected using face-to- face questionnaires, including a Demographic Information Form, the Peer Bullying Identification Scale, and the Family Relationships Scale for Children. Data were analysed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, nonparametric tests, and Spearman correlation analysis. Results The mean age of the students was 12.25 ± 1.96, 29.8% were in the 5th grade, and 45.1% had families with below-average income levels. The average bullying score on the Bullying-Victimization Identification Scale was 131.39 ± 25.61, the average victimization score was 121.14 ± 30.33, the average inhibiting family relationships score was 23.25 ± 4.68, and the average supportive family relationships score was 16.41 ± 4.75. Bullying-victimization scores were found to have a weak positive correlation with inhibiting family relationships and a weak negative correlation with supportive family relationships. The regression models predicting bullying and victimization scores were significant, with an explanatory power of 9.8% for bullying and 9.9% for victimization. Conclusion Bullying and victimization behaviours among secondary school students were found to be associated with family relationships and sociodemographic characteristics. Inhibiting family relationships were associated with higher bullying and victimization scores, whereas supportive family relationships were associated with lower bullying and victimization scores. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness among families and implement multidimensional interventions through school staff and nurses.
Aim The current study aimed to examine the relationship between spirituality, locus of control, and bereavement experience in older adults. Design A descriptive correlational cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Data sources The study included 308 older adults recruited from four post offices affiliated with the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology in XXXXXXXX between February and May 2025. Data were collected using four instruments: a demographic and clinical information questionnaire, the Bereavement Experience Questionnaire–Short Form (BEQ-24), Levenson's Multidimensional Locus of Control Scales (MLCS), and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Results The findings revealed small but statistically significant negative correlations between bereavement experience and locus of control dimensions among the studied older adults (r = −0.274 for total locus of control, p < 0.001; r = −0.212 for internal control, p < 0.001; r = −0.151 for powerful others, p = 0.008; r = −0.187 for chance, p = 0.001). Spiritual well-being was not significantly correlated with bereavement experience (r = 0.014, p = 0.923) and did not emerge as a significant predictor in the regression analysis. Implications for nursing Understanding the relationship between locus of control and bereavement experience may help gerontological and psychiatric nurses develop supportive interventions that strengthen older adults' sense of personal control and adaptive coping during grief. Spiritual aspects may also be considered as part of holistic bereavement care. Conclusion The study findings suggest that locus of control, particularly internal control, may play a role in older adults' adjustment to bereavement. In contrast, spiritual well-being was not identified as a significant predictor of bereavement experience in the current sample. Relevance for clinical practice These findings may assist gerontological nurses, mental health professionals, and caregivers in planning individualized bereavement care for older adults. Approaches that address perceived personal control may be considered when supporting emotional adjustment during bereavement.
Aims To examine the coexistence of depressive symptoms, internet addiction, and sleep disturbance in adolescents using network analysis, and to derive actionable implications for psychiatric nursing practice. Methods A total of 882 adolescents, comprising 474 with depressive disorders and 408 healthy controls, participated in the study. Participants completed the Children's Depression Inventory, Young's Internet Addiction Test, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Network analysis was used to identify key symptoms and bridge symptoms in a combined network of depressive symptoms, internet addiction, and sleep disturbance. A network comparison was conducted to analyze differences between adolescents with depressive disorders and healthy controls. Results The network analysis identified anhedonia and negative mood as key symptoms, while sleep disturbance emerged as a bridge between depressive symptoms and internet addiction. The network of adolescents with depressive disorders showed distinct patterns of symptom connectivity compared to the network of healthy controls; this structural difference remained after propensity score matching, whereas the initial difference in overall connectivity strength did not. Conclusion Sleep disturbance bridges internet addiction and depressive affect, while anhedonia and negative mood are the most central symptoms. Group differences should be interpreted primarily in terms of symptom connectivity patterns rather than stronger overall network connectivity. These data support integrated screening and multi-domain interventions that nurses can deliver in practice to address mood, sleep, and internet addiction symptoms, aiming to improve adolescents' psychosocial well-being.
On July 24, 2025, a U.S. executive order reframed unsheltered homelessness around public order, encouraged broader civil commitment, prioritized enforcement of camping restrictions, and directed agencies away from Housing First. This policy paper analyzes how those levers may shift coercion and administrative burden into psychiatric settings. Likely nursing effects include role drift toward legal-interface work, thinner voluntariness, documentation pressure, moral distress, and capacity strain. Canadian Housing First evidence and World Health Organization rights-based guidance provide international comparators. Recommended safeguards include least-restrictive protocols, clinical-independence firewalls, documentation standards, staffing triggers, rapid outcome surveillance, and cross-sector coalitions.
Background Postpartum women frequently experience depression, anxiety, stress, and infant care-related obsessive-compulsive behaviours, adversely affecting maternal psychological adjustment and well-being. Nonattachment is a potentially protective psychological construct associated with lower psychological distress and greater well-being, however; evidence on its relationship with postpartum psychological symptoms is limited. Aim This study aimed to examine the associations between nonattachment and infant care-related obsessive-compulsive behaviours, depression, anxiety, and stress among postpartum women. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study included 220 women between the second and eighth postpartum weeks. Data were collected using a sociodemographic and obstetric form, the Nonattachment Scale-Short Form, the Postpartum Obsessive-Compulsive Behaviours Toward Infant Care Scale, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and linear regression. Findings Nonattachment was negatively correlated with stress, anxiety, depression, and infant care-related obsessive-compulsive behaviours. Higher stress, depression, and obsessive-compulsive behaviour scores were independently associated with lower nonattachment. The model explained 30.5% of the variance in nonattachment. Lower nonattachment was observed among women with previous mental health symptoms, poor economic status, and poorer spousal relationships. Conclusion Lower nonattachment was associated with greater postpartum psychological distress and higher infant care-related obsessive-compulsive behaviours, suggesting that nonattachment may be a clinically relevant psychological construct for understanding maternal cognitive-emotional adjustment during the postpartum period. Recommendations Assessment of nonattachment may complement postpartum mental health screening for women at increased risk of psychological distress. Future studies should evaluate whether mindfulness- or acceptance-based approaches that enhance nonattachment improve postpartum mental health outcomes.
Background The sexual commerce industry significantly impacts the psychological health of prostituted women. This study examines mental health damages and complex trauma in 12 women exposed to this commerce. The goal of this work was to evaluate the mental health damage and trauma-related symptoms of these women at the beginning of an intervention. Methods A mixed methodology was used. Quantitatively, four measures were administered to assess subjective distress, the depression-anxiety-stress triad, post-traumatic stress disorder, and cumulative trauma in everyday life. For qualitative analysis, McAdams's Life Story interview was employed to triangulate data and determine the presence of complex trauma. The data was collected during the years 2023–2024. Results The study showed that all of these women exhibited baseline subjective distress and scored within the clinical range for anxiety and stress, while almost all of them showed clinical symptoms of depression, and 8 displayed symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder. Complex trauma was present in women exposed to traumatic situations within the sexual commerce industry and who had a history of traumatic interpersonal violence throughout their lives. Conclusions Engaging in prostitution exposes women to traumatic situations that are linked to mental health difficulties. Furthermore, those who have suffered sexual abuse during childhood and adolescence exhibit greater clinical symptoms in response to subsequent trauma.
