Objective To investigate the status of tuberculin skin test(TST)results and the influencing factors among student close contacts with pulmonary tuberculosis,so as to provide the evidence for developing prevention and control strategies for pulmonary tuberculosis among students.Methods The students aged 15 years and above who had close contact with pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Yuecheng District,Shaoxing City,Zhejiang Province,from October 2016 to December 2023 were recruited and investigated using questionnaires and TST to collect demographic information,contact history,and TST results.The influencing factors for TST positivity among student close contacts with pulmonary tubercu-losis were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 5 507 student close contacts were investigated,including 2 982 males and 2 525 females,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.18∶1.The mean age was(19.10±1.71)years.Among them,397(7.21%)were technical secondary school students,766(13.91%)were senior high school students,2 556(46.41%)were junior college students,and 1 788(32.47%)were college students or above.A total of 958 students tested positive for TST,with a positivity rate of 17.40%.The rates of general positivity,moder-ate positivity,and strong positivity were 10.53%,4.98%and 1.89%,respectively.Multivariable logistic regression analy-sis showed that senior high school students(OR=1.473,95%CI:1.009-2.152)and junior college students(OR=1.467,95%CI:1.074-2.005),as well as those with an exposure-to-screening interval of≥46 days(46-＜61 days,OR=2.043,95%CI:1.478-2.826;≥61 days,OR=1.291,95%CI:1.018-1.637)had a higher risk of TST positivity.Female student close contacts had a lower risk of TST positivity(OR=0.753,95%CI:0.649-0.873).Conclusion The TST positivity rate was relatively high,and gender,school type,and exposure-to-screening interval were influencing factors for TST positivi-ty among student close contacts with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Objective To examine the impacts of chemotherapy/radiotherapy,targeted therapy,and combined treatment on the quality of life in patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer.Methods The patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy,targeted therapy,and combined treatment for the first time were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Weifang City,Shandong Province,using a quota sampling method in Sep-tember 2023.Basic information was collected using a general information questionnaire,and the quality of life was as-sessed using the Chinese version of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General.The investigation started on the 7th day of treatment,and the follow-ups were conducted at 3 and 6 months.The quality of life in patients with differ-ent treatment regimens and at different treatment time were compared using repeated measure analysis of variance.Re-sults There were 26 chemotherapy/radiotherapy patients,32 targeted therapy patients,and 95 combination therapy pa-tients.There were no significant differences in age,gender,place of residence,education level,self-rated economic sta-tus,medical insurance,pathological type and disease stage among the three treatment regimens(all P＞0.05).The repeat-ed measure analysis of variance showed an interaction effect between time and group among patients receiving the three treatment regimens(P＜0.05).The quality of life scores of patients receiving combination therapy decreased with extend-ed treatment time(all P＜0.05).The quality of life scores of patients receiving targeted therapy at 3 and 6 months were lower than those treated for 7 days(both P＜0.05).No significant differences were observed in quality of life scores among chemotherapy/radiotherapy patients with different treatment durations(all P＞0.05).At 3 and 6 months,patients receiv-ing combination therapy had lower quality of life scores compared to those receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy or targeted therapy(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The decline in quality of life for patients with intermediate and advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy and targeted therapy is less than that for patients receiving combined therapy.
Frailty is a clinical state characterized by increased vulnerability due to the decline of multiple organ func-tions.It is clinically manifested as slow movement,reduced activity,low energy level and involuntary weight loss.Frail-ty heightens the risk of disability,long-term hospitalization and mortality in the elderly when they face stressful events.Early assessment of frailty and personalized interventions can prevent and delay its progression,thereby reducing the oc-currence of adverse events.This article reviews the literature on frailty published both domestically and internationally from January 2015 to January 2024.It provides an overview of the tools for assessing frailty in the elderly,such as the Clinical Frailty Scale,Frailty Index,Fried Frailty Phenotype,FRAIL Scale,and biological markers,and the management of frailty,including exercise,nutritional interventions,oral health management,and medication management,so as to pro-vide the evidence for early assessment and intervention of frailty.
Objective To compare the effects of seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA),seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous regressors(SARIMAX)and long short-term memory neural net-work(LSTM)models in predicting the incidence of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD).Methods Monthly inci-dence data of HFMD in Kunming City from 2010 to 2019 were collected.SARIMA,SARIMAX and LSTM models were established using the monthly incidence of HFMD from 2010 to 2018 to predict the monthly incidence of HFMD from January to December 2019.The prediction performance of the three models was compared using mean squared error(MSE),root mean squared error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE)and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE).The optimal prediction model was selected based on the principle of minimizing MSE,RMSE,MAE and MAPE.Results The HFMD cases were reported every month in Kunming City from 2010 to 2019,with the incidence fluctuating be-tween 188.27/105 and 363.15/105.The disease exhibited a biennial high-incidence bimodal distribution.Among the four evaluation indicators for the training and testing sets,the LSTM model had the smaller values:MSE was 63.182 and 102.745,RMSE was 7.949 and 10.136,MAE was 6.535 and 7.620,and MAPE was 46.726%and 31.138%.The LSTM model performed the better,followed by the SARIMA model,while the SARIMAX model had the relatively poorest per-formance.Conclusion The LSTM model outperforms the SARIMA and SARIMAX models in predicting the incidence of HFMD.
Objective To examine the associations between three adipokines(omentin-1,nesfatin-1 and apelin)and dia-betic retinopathy(DR)among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),so as to provide the basis for the preven-tion and control of DR.Methods The T2DM patients hospitalized in Lishui TCM Hospital from August 2021 to May 2023 were selected and divided into three groups:no diabetic retinopathy(NDR)group,non-proliferative diabetic reti-nopathy(NPDR)group,and proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)group based on fundus fluorescein angiography.Data on gender,age,and course of T2DM were collected through questionnaires,and serum omentin-1,nesfatin-1,apelin,and related blood biochemical indicators were measured.The associations of omentin-1,nesfatin-1 and apelin with DR were analyzed using a multinomial logistic regression model.Results A total of 150 T2DM patients were enrolled,in-cluding 58 cases in the NDR group,60 cases in the NPDR group,and 32 cases in the PDR group,with males ac-counting for 60.34%,45.00%and 68.75%,respectively.The mean ages were(54.79±14.40),(57.03±12.20)and(57.72±10.70)years,respectively.The median(interquartile range)courses of T2DM were 7.00(7.75),10.00(8.00)and 10.00(5.00)years,respectively.Compared with the NDR group,the NPDR group had lower levels of omentin-1 and nesfatin-1 and higher level of apelin,while the PDR group had higher level of omentin-1 and lower level of apelin(all P＜0.05).Compared with the NPDR group,the PDR group had higher levels of omentin-1 and nesfatin-1 and lower level of ape-lin(all P＜0.05).Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that omentin-1 level was statistically associated with NPDR(OR=0.503,95%CI:0.291-0.871)and PDR(OR=7.862,95%CI:2.956-20.910);nesfatin-1(OR=0.971,95%CI:0.953-0.989)and apelin(OR=3.266,95%CI:1.817-5.868)levels were statistically associated with NPDR.Conclusion Serum levels of omentin-1,nesfatin-1 and apelin were associated with different stages of DR among T2DM patients.
Postoperative urinary retention is a common complication after mixed hemorrhoid surgery,referring to the in-ability of urine in the bladder to be normally expelled,leading to urine retention.This condition not only prolongs the postoperative recovery time and increases medical costs,but may also cause problems such as urinary tract infections and bladder dysfunction.The pathogenesis of urinary retention after mixed hemorrhoid surgery is complex,involving mul-tiple factors such as the type of surgery,anesthesia method,individual differences among patients,postoperative pain management and psychological stress.Although there are various clinical treatment methods,their efficacy varies among individuals.This article reviews relevant literature from 2018 to 2024,analyzing the etiology of urinary retention after mixed hemorrhoid surgery.It summarizes the intervention measures and mechanisms of non-pharmacological treatments,such as physical therapy and analgesic techniques,as well as pharmacological treatments,including anticholinesterase drugs,selective α-receptor blockers and analgesics drugs,so as to provide the reference for the prevention and treat-ment of urinary retention after mixed hemorrhoid surgery.
Objective To identify the spatio-temporal clustering analysis of mumps in Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2023,so as to provide the basis for improving mumps prevention and control strategies.Methods Data of mumps cases in Wenzhou City from 2010 to 2023 were collected from the Monitoring and Reporting Management System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of mumps incidence were identified using spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatio-temporal scan analysis.Results A to-tal of 20 455 mumps cases were reported in Wenzhou City from 2010 to 2023,with an average annual incidence of 17.54/105.There were 12 919 male and 7 536 female cases,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.71∶1.The children aged 5-＜10 years had the highest incidence of mumps at 135.29/105.The incidence of mumps showed a downward trend from 46.82/105 in 2010 to 3.59/105 in 2023(P＜0.05).The incidence of mumps peaked from May to July and from November to January during 2010 and 2012,the winter peak became less evident after 2013,and no seasonal trends were observed after 2020.Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed there was a positive spatial correlation of mumps of other years,with the exception of 2018(all Moran's I＞0,all P＜0.05).Lucheng District,Longwan District,Ouhai District,Cangnan County and Rui'an City were high-high clustering sites.Spatio-temporal scan analysis showed that the primary clustering area was centered in Nanbaixiang Street,Ouhai District,covering 50 towns(streets),with the clustering time from April 2010 to August 2013;the secondary clustering area was centered in Zaoxi Town,Cangnan County,covering 24 towns(streets),with the clustering time from January 2010 to June 2013.Conclusions The inci-dence of mumps in Wenzhou City from 2010 to 2023 showed a downward trend.The urban areas,Cangnan County and Rui'an City were the clustering areas.
Objective To explore the types of medication adherence and their influencing factors among inpatients with chronic diseases based on latent profile analysis,so as to provide the basis for improving medication adherence among patients with chronic diseases.Methods The inpatients with chronic diseases admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospi-tal of Hainan Medical University were selected as the study subjects.Demographic information,chronic disease status,and health education were collected through questionnaire surveys.Medication adherence was assessed using the Medica-tion Adherence Scale and categorized based on the scores of its eight items through latent profile analysis.Factors af-fecting medication adherence among inpatients with chronic diseases were analyzed using a multinomial logistic regres-sion model.Results Totally 290 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.64%.There were 157 males(54.14%)and 133 females(45.86%),with a median age of 61(interquartile range,21)years.The medi-an score of medication adherence was 4.75(interquartile range,4.50).Based on latent profile analysis,medication adher-ence was categorized into three types:subjective neglect with poor adherence(38.97%),subjective confidence with fluctu-ating adherence(28.28%),and self-reflective with good adherence(32.76%).Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that compared to the subjective confidence with fluctuating adherence,family monthly income(5 000-10 000 yuan,OR=2.981,95%CI:1.055-8.429),comorbidity of chronic diseases(OR=3.478,95%CI:1.579-7.661),number of health education sessions received in the past year(≤1 session,OR=0.329,95%CI:0.120-0.907;2 sessions,OR=0.363,95%CI:0.138-0.950),and health information literacy scores(＜60 points,OR=2.596,95%CI:1.209-5.573)were statisti-cally associated with subjective neglect with poor adherence(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Subjective neglect with poor med-ication adherence among inpatients with chronic diseases is associated with family monthly income,comorbidity of chron-ic diseases,the number of health education sessions received,and health information literacy.
Objective To investigate the knowledge and behaviors related to hepatitis B prevention and control among carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),so as to provide the basis for conducting health education and interven-tions for HBsAg carriers.Methods Based on the seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis B among individuals aged 1 to 69 years in Shaanxi Province,HBsAg carriers were selected as the study subjects.Basic information,knowledge and be-haviors about hepatitis B prevention and control were collected through questionnaire surveys.The awareness of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge and related behaviors among HBsAg carriers were analyzed.Results A total of 107 HBsAg carriers were enrolled,including 52 males(48.60%)and 55 females(51.40%),and had a median age of 47.04(interquartile range,19.78)years.The awareness of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge ranged from 56.07%to 87.85%among HBsAg carriers,with the highest awareness for"hepatitis B vaccination can effectively pre-vent hepatitis B"(87.85%),and the lowest awareness for"sharing meals with HBsAg carriers or hepatitis B patients will not lead to infection"(56.07%)and"hepatitis B can be treated with antiviral drugs"(61.68%).The proportions of those who did not seek medical consultation,undergo regular check-ups,or receive treatment were relatively high,at 65.42%,72.90%and 77.57%,respectively.Conclusions The awareness of hepatitis B transmission routes and treat-ment-related knowledge among HBsAg carriers is relatively low,and their medical-seeking behaviors are relatively pas-sive.There is a need to enhance the dissemination of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge,improve medical-seeking behaviors,and reduce the risk of hepatitis B virus transmission.
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)among residents aged 60 years and older in Yangzhou City,Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2022,so as to provide the evidence for the improvement of PTB prevention and control measures in this population.Methods Data of PTB cases aged 60 years and older in Yangzhou City from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Informa-tion System.The temporal,population,and regional distribution characteristics of PTB cases were analyzed using the de-scriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 8 726 PTB cases aged 60 years and older were registered in Yangzhou City from 2013 to 2022,including 4 167 cases positive for pathogenic tests,with a positive rate of 47.75%.The registered incidence rates and the positive rates of pathogenic tests of PTB among residents aged 60 years and old-er in Yangzhou City showed downward trends from 2013 to 2022(both P＜0.05).The average annual registered inci-dence rate of PTB was 83.95/105,and the average annual registered incidence rate of PTB positive for pathogenic tests was 40.09/105.The average annual registered incidence rate of PTB in males was higher than that in females(138.57/105 vs.31.76/105,P＜0.05).The registered incidence rate of PTB showed an increasing trend with age(P＜0.05),with the highest rate observed in the age group of 75-＜80 years(110.37/105).The top three regions with the highest average an-nual registered incidence rates of PTB were Jiangdu District(94.34/105),Baoying County(91.61/105)and Hanjiang Dis-trict(84.93/105).Conclusions The registered incidence of PTB among residents aged 60 years and older in Yangzhou City showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2022.Particular attention should be payed to males,residents aged 75-＜80 years,and the elderly in Jiangdu District and Baoying County.
Objective To explore the association between dietary patterns and overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students,so as to provide the guidance of diet balance and obesity prevention for students.Methods Stu-dents from 11 primary and middle schools in Tongzhou District,Beijing Municipality,were selected using the stratified cluster sampling method.Demographic information was collected through a general questionnaire,and dietary intake types and frequencies over the past week were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire.Dietary patterns were de-termined using factor analysis,and the dietary pattern factor scores were divided into Q1,Q2,Q3,and Q4 groups based on quartiles.Height and weight were collected through physical examinations,and Z-scores of body mass index adjusted for gender and age were calculated to assess overweight and obesity.The association between dietary patterns and overweight and obesity was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 1 485 students were surveyed,including 745 males(50.17%)and 740 females(49.83%).The mean age was(12.87±2.86)years.Three dietary patterns were identified:animal and plant protein dietary pattern,high-fat and high-sugar dietary pattern,and vegetable-fruit-dairy dietary pattern.The detection rates of overweight and obesity were 42.57%,48.42%,and 34.75%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the vegetable-fruit-dairy dietary pattern,the animal and plant protein dietary pattern(OR=1.406,95%CI:1.084-1.823)and the high-fat and high-sugar dietary pattern(OR=2.137,95%CI:1.643-2.779)were as-sociated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students.Compared with the Q1 group of dietary pattern factor scores,the Q3 group(OR=1.631,95%CI:1.206-2.208)and Q4 group(OR=1.965,95%CI:1.446-2.671)of the high-fat and high-sugar dietary pattern had an increased risk of overweight and obesity,while the Q4 group of the vegetable-fruit-dairy dietary pattern(OR=0.551,95%CI:0.406-0.747)had a reduced risk of overweight and obesity.There was no statistical association between factor scores of animal and plant protein dietary pattern and overweight and obesity(all P＞0.05).Conclusions The animal and plant protein dietary pattern and the high-fat and high-sugar dietary pattern are associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students.Within the same dietary pattern,the more inclined students are to the high-fat and high-sugar dietary pattern,the higher their risk of overweight and obesity,while the more inclined they are to the vegetable-fruit-dairy dietary pat-tern,the lower their risk of overweight and obesity.
Objective To analyze the influencing factors for anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis among patients with hy-peruricemia,so as to provide insights into the prevention of anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis.Methods Patients aged 18 years and older with hyperuricemia in Dazhou Integrated TCM&Western Medicine Hospital were enrolled as research subjects from 2020 to 2023.Demographic information and blood biochemistry indicators were collected through electronic medical records.Anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis was evaluated by color Doppler ultrasound.Factors affect-ing anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis among patients with hyperuricemia were analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 1 105 patients with hyperuricemia were surveyed,including 862 males(78.01%)and 243 females(21.99%).There were 918 cases(83.08%)at the ages of 60 years and older,and 457 cases(41.36%)with a course of disease at 10 years and longer.The median level of blood uric acid was 480.79(interquartile range,98.28)μmol/L.There were 314 cases(28.42%)with anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index(≥24.0 kg/m2,OR=1.597,95%CI:1.185-2.151),long-term smoking history(yes,OR=1.709,95%CI:1.153-2.534),diabetes mellitus(yes,OR=1.517,95%CI:1.162-1.981),serum uric acid(≥480.79 μmol/L,OR=1.667,95%CI:1.131-2.457),serum creatinine(≥97 μmol/L,OR=1.685,95%CI:1.155-2.460),fasting blood glucose(≥6.1 mmol/L,OR=1.528,95%CI:1.106-2.112),fibrinogen(＞4 g/L,OR=1.589,95%CI:1.091-2.315)and triglycerides(≥1.7 mmol/L,OR=1.879,95%CI:1.226-2.881)were influencing factors for anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis among patients with hyperuricemia.Conclusion Anterior tibial artery atherosclerosis among patients with hyperuricemia is associated with long-term smoking,diabetes mellitus,serum uric acid,serum creatinine,fasting blood glucose,fibrinogen and triglycerides high level.
Objective To systematically evaluate the influencing factors for repeated implantation failure(RIF)after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)in China,so as to provide the evidence for prevention of RIF.Methods Lit-erature on influencing factors for RIF in China were retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,China Medical Literature Service System,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library and Embase from inception to September,2024.A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 softwares.Literature were excluded one by one for sensitivity analysis.Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test.Results Initially 4 836 relevant articles were retrieved,and 12 of them were finally included,with a total sample size of 11 554 individuals.There were 10 case-control studies,1 cohort study,and 1 cross-sectional study;and 10 high-quality studies and 2 medium-quality studies.The meta-analysis showed that factors including advanced age(OR=1.121,95%CI:1.035-1.215),prolonged infertility duration(OR=1.237,95%CI:1.091-1.403),abnormal hysteroscopy findings(OR=2.205,95%CI:1.119-4.348),positive anti-nuclear antibody(ANA)(OR=2.393,95%CI:1.473-3.886),and positive anti-beta2 glycoprotein Ⅰ antibody(β2-GPⅠ-Ab)(OR=2.824,95%CI:1.987-4.013)were associated with an increased risk of RIF;while factors including the large number of embry-os transferred(OR=0.309,95%CI:0.098-0.973),thicker endometrium(OR=0.601,95%CI:0.556-0.650),and higher gran-ulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)levels(OR=0.657,95%CI:0.511-0.845)were associated with a reduced risk of RIF.Conclusion IVF-ET RIF is associated with age,infertility duration,number of embryos transferred,endometri-al thickness,hysteroscopy findings,G-CSF levels,ANA and β2-GPⅠ-Ab.
Objective To investigate the characteristics of the breakthrough cases of mumps in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2023,so as to provide insights into improving prevention and control measures for mumps.Meth-ods Data of mumps cases and mumps containing vaccine(MuCV)vaccination in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2023 were collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Informa-tion System and Zhejiang Immunization Planning Information System.The population distribution characteristics and MuCV immunization history of mumps breakthrough cases were described.The impacts of the final immunization age and immunization interval on the age of onset were analyzed.Results A total of 6 643 mumps cases were reported in Ning-bo City from 2018 to 2023,with an average incidence rate of 11.72/105.There were 5 142 breakthrough cases(77.40%),including 3 173 males(61.71%)and 1 969 females(38.29%).The median age of onset was 6.00(interquartile range,4.00)years.There were 2 487 cases in preschool children(48.37%)and 2 232 cases in students(43.41%).There were 4 736 one-dose breakthrough cases(92.10%)and 406 two-dose breakthrough cases(7.90%).The proportion of two-dose breakthrough cases among all mumps cases increased from 1.00%in 2018 to 25.32%in 2023.Among individuals born after December 2018,the median age of onset of two-dose breakthrough cases was 3.00(interquartile range,1.00)years,which was older than that of one-dose breakthrough cases at 1.00(interquartile range,2.00)year(P＜0.05).The ages of onset of mumps breakthrough cases differed significantly with varying final immunization ages and immunization intervals(both P＜0.05).Conclusions The breakthrough cases of mumps in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2023 were mainly males,preschool children and students.The proportion of two-dose breakthrough cases increased,and the age of onset delayed.
Objective To investigate the self-monitoring blood pressure behavior and its influencing factors among resi-dents in Jiangsu Province,so as to provide the basis for strengthening proactive blood pressure monitoring among resi-dents.Methods Permanent residents aged 35-75 years in six counties(cities,districts),Jiangsu Province,were selected using the stratified cluster sampling method in 2023.Data on basic information,disease history,and self-monitoring blood pressure behavior were collected,height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index(BMI);and blood glucose and lipid levels were measured.Self-monitoring blood pressure behavior was defined as having measured blood pressure at least once in the past three months.Factors affecting self-monitoring blood pressure behavior were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 12 475 residents were surveyed,including 5 748 males and 6 727 females,with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶1.17.There were 3 855 residents aged 45-＜55 years(30.90%)and 5 511 residents who had self-monitoring blood pressure behaviors(44.18%).Multivariable logistic re-gression analysis showed that the residents who were males(OR=1.167,95%CI:1.081-1.261),lived in rural areas(OR=1.430,95%CI:1.321-1.547),aged 45-75 years(45-＜55 years,OR=1.384,95%CI:1.241-1.543;55-＜65 years,OR=1.397,95%CI:1.243-1.570;65-75 years,OR=1.196,95%CI:1.049-1.363),had an annual household income≥30 000 yuan(30 000-＜60 000 yuan,OR=1.190,95%CI:1.072-1.321;60 000-＜110 000 yuan,OR=1.330,95%CI:1.191-1.485;≥110 000 yuan,OR=1.746,95%CI:1.536-1.984),were overweight(OR=1.170,95%CI:1.070-1.280)or obese(OR=1.248,95%CI:1.120-1.391),were unaware(OR=1.221,95%CI:1.103-1.353)or aware(OR=3.937,95%CI:3.575-4.335)of having hypertension,were aware of having diabetes(OR=1.538,95%CI:1.354-1.749),and aware of having dys-lipidemia(OR=1.265,95%CI:1.106-1.447)were more likely to have self-monitoring blood pressure behaviors.Conclu-sions Among the residents aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu Province,44.18%had self-monitoring blood pressure behavior.Gender,place of residence,age,annual household income,BMI,hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia were identified as influencing factors for self-monitoring blood pressure behavior.
Objective To investigate the survival rate of female breast cancer patients in Panyu District,Guangzhou City,so as to provide the basis for improving the prognosis of breast cancer patients.Methods Basic information in-cluding age,clinical stage and surgical treatment of female breast cancer patients registered in Panyu District and diag-nosed in 2017 were collected through the Guangzhou Municipal Cancer Registration and Reporting Management System,and were followed up until December 31,2022.The survival rate was calculated using the life table.Factors affecting survival time among female breast cancer patients were analyzed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard regres-sion model.Results A total of 227 female breast cancer patients were reported in Panyu District in 2017,and had a median age of 51(interquartile range,17)years.There were 43 cases(18.94％)in stage Ⅰ,55 cases(24.23％)in stage Ⅱ,63 cases(27.75％)in stage Ⅲ,27 cases(11.89％)in stage Ⅳ,and 39 cases(17.18％)with unknown staging.Surgical treatment was performed in 204 cases(89.87％),and chemotherapy was administered in 73 cases(32.16％).By December 31,2022,there were 40 deaths and 14 patients lost to follow-up.The one-year,three-year and five-year survival rates were 96.44％,87.45％and 82.87％,respectively.Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that older age(HR=1.023,95％CI:1.002-1.046),clinical stage Ⅲ(HR=10.050,95％CI:1.324-76.270)or Ⅳ(HR=42.663,95％CI:5.588-325.742)were associated with a higher risk of mortality in female breast cancer patients,while surgical treatment(HR=0.278,95％CI:0.130-0.598)was associated with a lower risk of mortality.Conclusions The five-year survival rate of female breast cancer patients in Panyu District was 82.87％.Age,clinical stage and surgical treatment were the main influencing factors for the survival time of female breast cancer patients.
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Jiande City,Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2024,so as to provide the evidence for strengthening the prevention and control of brucellosis.Methods Data on brucellosis cases and surveillance in Jiande City from 2005 to 2024 were collected through the Chi-nese Disease Prevention and Control Information System,the annual brucellosis surveillance reports from the Jiande Cen-ter for Disease Control and Prevention,and the annual summaries of brucellosis prevention and control efforts.The epi-demiological characteristics of human brucellosis were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 1 125 individuals were monitored in Jiande City from 2005 to 2024,with 18 seropositive cases identified and the seropositivity rate of 1.60%.The average annual seropositivity rate from 2015 to 2024 was 3.35%,which was signifi-cantly higher than that of 0.57%from 2005 to 2014(P＜0.05).There were 10 confirmed brucellosis cases and 8 asymp-tomatic infections,with no reported deaths.The peak incidence occurred between March and August.Among the 16 towns(streets)in Jiande City,8 reported brucellosis cases.Of the brucellosis cases,14 were male and 4 were female,with a male-to-female ratio of 3.5∶1.The majority of cases(13 cases)were aged between 40 and 60 years.Occupa-tional exposure was identified in 16 cases,all of whom were infected through direct hand contact with the excreta,se-cretions,or animal products of infected sheep or cattle.The primary source of infection was sheep,followed by cattle.Five strains of Brucella were isolated and cultured,all identified as Brucella melitensis biovar 3.Conclusions The bru-cellosis epidemic in Jiande City remained at a sporadic and low prevalence level from 2005 to 2024,with an increas-ing trend observed from 2015 to 2024.Male occupational groups aged 40 to 60 years were the key population for bru-cellosis prevention and control,and sheep were the primary source of infection.
Objective To investigate the association between childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)as well as coronary artery heart disease(CHD).Methods Genome-wide association study(GWAS)data for childhood obe-sity were collected from the ECG consortium,encompassing information on children aged 2 to 18 years,including 18 613 cases and 12 696 controls.GWAS data for T2DM were collected from the DIAGRAM consortium,including 242 283 cases and 1 569 734 controls.GWAS data for CHD were collected from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consor-tium,including 10 801 cases and 137 371 controls.Pleiotropic genes associated with both T2DM and CHD were ana-lyzed using the MAGMA,PLACO and conditional false discovery rate(cFDR)methods.Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis was performed using inverse variance weighted(IVW)method,exploring the causal relationships among child-hood obesity,T2DM and CHD.Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's Q test,horizontal pleiotropy and exclude outliers were tested using MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO test.The mediating variables among the three diseas-es were investigated by using a mediation analysis.Results The results of MAGMA,PLACO and cFDR analyses identi-fied 80 pleiotropic genes associated with both T2DM and CHD,primarily distributed on chromosomes 3,17 and 19.The MR analysis revealed that childhood obesity increased the risk of T2DM(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.033-1.283)and CHD(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.068-1.255),T2DM increased the risk of CHD(OR=1.182,95%CI:1.139-1.227),and CHD increased the risk of T2DM(OR=1.124,95%CI:1.055-1.198).The MR-Egger regression analysis showed no horizontal pleiotropy,and the MR-PRESSO test did not identify any outliers(all P＞0.05).Mediation analysis indicated that child-hood obesity directly increased the risk of CHD(effect value=0.096,95%CI:0.012-0.180)and indirectly increased the risk of CHD through T2DM(effect value=0.023,95%CI:0.005-0.041),with the mediation effect accounting for 15.65%of the total effect.Conclusions There are potential causal associations between childhood obesity and T2DM as well as CHD,with a bidirectional causal relationship between T2DM and CHD.T2DM also plays a mediating role in the as-sociation between childhood obesity and CHD.
Objective To investigate the characteristics of influenza A virus(FluA),influenza B virus(FluB),human rhi-novirus(HRV),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),human adenovirus(ADV)and Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)among acute respiratory infection(ARI)cases in the First People's Hospital of Huzhou,so as to provide the basis for formulat-ing prevention and treatment measures for ARI.Methods Gender,age,testing time,and pathogen testing data of ARI cases in the First People's Hospital of Huzhou from April 2023 to March 2024 were collected.The detection rates of FluA,FluB,HRV,RSV,ADV and MP were analyzed across different genders,age groups and seasons.Results A to-tal of 15 788 ARI cases were included,and 8 617 cases were tested positive for at least one pathogen,with a detec-tion rate of 54.58%.Single-pathogen detection was found in 7 913 cases(50.12%),with the detection rates of 14.61%for FluA,11.86%for MP,8.46%for FluB,8.41%for RSV,4.35%for HRV,and 2.44%for ADV.Mixed-pathogen de-tection was found in 704 cases(4.46%).MP mixed with other pathogens was the most common,with 335 cases account-ing for 47.59%of mixed detections.The single-pathogen detection rate for RSV was higher in males than in females(9.13%vs.7.64%,P＜0.05).The detection rate was higher in the cases aged 5 to＜18 years(67.32%)than in the oth-er age groups(all P＜0.008).The detection rates were higher in autumn and winter,with 56.99%and 61.59%,respec-tively(all P＜0.008).Conclusions The pathogen detection rate among ARI cases in the First People's Hospital of Hu-zhou from 2023 to 2024 was relatively high,with FluA and MP being the predominant pathogens.Children and adoles-cents aged 5 to＜18 years were the susceptible population,and autumn and winter were the peak seasons for infection.
Objective To investigate the effects of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)and thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)on pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods The patients who under-went IVF-ET at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Hefei Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from December 2019 to November 2023,and had normal free thyroxine and 0.3-＜10 mIU/L TSH levels were selected as subjects.The patients were divided into three groups based on TSH levels:0.3-＜2.5 mIU/L,2.5-4 mIU/L,and＞4-＜10 mIU/L,and the patients with normal free thyroxine and TSH levels were further divided into TPOAb-positive and TPOAb-negative groups.The biochemical pregnancy rate,clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate were compared among patients with different TSH and TPOAb groups.Results A total of 3 876 patients were recruited,including 830 patients with fresh embryo transfer cycles and 3 046 patients with frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.In the patients with fresh embryo transfer cycles,the biochemical pregnancy rate,clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate were 59.16%,52.77%and 19.41%,respectively.In the patients with frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles,these rates were 55.52%,46.98%and 20.27%,respectively.For both groups,there were no statistically significant differences in biochemical pregnancy rate,clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate between TPOAb-positive and TPOAb-negative patients or among the pa-tients with different TSH groups(all P＞0.05).Additionally,a follow-up study of 150 patients who had successfully de-livered after IVF-ET from 2020 to 2022 with TSH levels of＞4-＜10 mIU/L showed that no intellectual developmental issues or tendencies toward intellectual developmental disorders were found in their offsprings.Conclusion In the con-text of normal free thyroxine levels,this study did not find any impacts of mildly elevated TSH levels or isolated TPOAb positivity on the pregnancy outcomes of IVF-ET.
