The purpose of this study is to design a teaching factory learning model in Vocational Higher Education ". This research is a literature study. This study was conducted at Polinema Bakery. The stages of the study are as follows: (1) review the literature; (2) Carrying out a survey of the bakery industry; (3) designing an entrepreneurial learning model using the teaching factory method; (4) determine the target model of teaching factory learning model; and (5) describe the entrepreneurship learning model with the Factory teaching method. The results of the study are 6-step Teaching Factory learning models, namely: (1) receiving orders, analyzing orders, stating readiness to work on orders, working orders, carrying out quality control, and delivery orders. Results of the study show that students feel happy following the learning, obtaining a picture of the business, getting experience producing products, working in team, and experience managing a business. Keywords—entrepreneurship education, learning model, teacing factory, vocational higher education
This research was aimed at developing a big data model for future strategic formulation of food and beverage businesses in Thailand. The Mixed Research Method was used comprising both the quantitative and qualitative studies. The process carried out involved 3 steps, namely: (1) Analysis and categorization of data for formulating the future strategies by content analysis based on Porter’s Five Forces Competitiveness and Strategic Foresight White Paper. (2) Study of data for formulating the future strategies by quantitative research and collection of data from administrators and data-managing officers of 60 food and beverage business firms whose benefit turnovers are high. (3) Verification and evaluation of the big data model developed by experts. The big data model was derived from the outcomes of the research, and is used for formulating future strategies. The model is composed of 6 data sets, 12 data subsets and 262 data elements. The mostly used big data sets for future strategic formulation are: business environments, products and services, manufacturing technology, laws and effects, people involved in the future business, and organization image, respectively.
This paper aims to investigate the challenges of estimating the yield curve of corporate bonds in Kazakhstan. The author suggests a method of constructing a yield curve of corporate bonds in the Kazakh debt market with low liquidity. The research covers the period from January 2014 to December 2018, with a sample of 397 corporate bonds with maturities varying from 1 year to 30 years. To estimate the term structure of corporate bonds, a parsimonious model (Nelson & Siegel) and a stochastic factor model (Vasicek) were applied on a 60-days smoothing period, which includes days with no trades on various segments of the curve. The findings of this paper indicate that both estimation models demonstrated the ability to adequately reflect interest rate movements and estimated continuous and smooth yield curves of Kazakh corporate bonds. However, Nelson & Siegel model had better indicators of the yield curve flexibility and was not quite sensitive to the constraint of low liquidity of the local debt market. The results of this study comply with the expectations hypothesis of the term structure of interest rates, implying that an inverted yield curve occurs when short-term bond rates had higher rates than those with longer maturities. Our results could be helpful for local market participants when planning bonds issue and for investors when choosing investment strategies.
This study investigates the factors influencing social media usage towards micro and small enterprise using the TOE Framework. The TOE Framework respectfully stands for technological context, organizational context, and environmental context. The samples used in this study includes micro and small enterprise owners in Indonesia that actively uses social media for their business marketing purposes. This study uses Partial-Least-Squares-Structural-Equation-Modeling (PLS-SEM) for the path analysis of 310 responses from SME’s owners, executives, and managers using purposive sampling method. The technological context is represented by relative advantage, compatibility, cost-effectiveness, structural assurance, and interactivity. The organizational context is represented by top management’s support and entrepreneurial orientation. The environmental context is represented by institutional pressure. This study hopes to help organizations understand the benefits of social media usage and provides a justification for investments in social media by organizations.
Entrepreneurs have been challenged ever since, with several factors which impede their entrepreneurial activities towards successful entrepreneurship and sustainability. An entrepreneur cannot progress without overcoming the challenge that poses as a threat towards harnessing the imminent business opportunity identified. These challenges (factors) are experienced in different forms depending on the location, circumstances and the individual. However, variables from various theoretical factors were surveyed; sociological, psychological, innovative and the need for high achievement factors, and the results revealed led to the development of the conceptual framework of entrepreneurial success and sustainability.
This study is built on the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), which presents a framework for a better understanding of the impact of the workplace environment on employees’ emotional exhaustion. COR theory advocates that emotional exhaustion negatively influences employee job attitudes, which, in turn, affect the auditors’ individual performance. Based on a survey among Portuguese auditors, this study examines the effects and the relative importance of emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and turnover intention on individual perceived performance. Data were collected from 222 auditors in audit firms in Portugal. The SPSS/SEM-AMOS 27 data analysis technique was used to analyse the research model. Results suggest that job satisfaction is the most influential predictor of both individual performance and turnover intention, followed by emotional exhaustion. From a practical standpoint, these results thus suggest that the most important predictors of turnover intention and individual performance can be shaped and influenced quite well by management. Regarding professional practice, managers of auditing firms can apply the findings learned from this study to improve employee retention in their organisation. The managers’ understanding of what motivates or fails to motivate employees can cause an effective retention employee strategy. Therefore, in order to improve their performance, firms must identify the factors that contribute to turnover intention and ways to retain a quality workforce.
The Namibian government has made food security and the fight against hunger a top priority in its agenda and the government has employed different models to achieve this goal. One of the models that the government has been using to ensure food security is the PublicPrivate Partnerships (PPPs). PPPs are the long-term contractual relationships between the government and private partners to provide all or some part of the delivery of agricultural infrastructure and services. The main purpose of this study was to examine the key success factors of the public-private partnership initiatives in agriculture, in order to support the government initiatives in the fight against hunger in Namibia. The study employed a qualitative research method whereby interviews and focus groups were conducted amongst a group of 70 farmers at Mashare Irrigation Scheme in the Kavango region, where the government has partnered with the private sector to run an irrigation scheme. The study found that the key success factors of the PPP in agriculture are; choosing the right partner for the project is key, a partner who has extensive knowledge and interest in agriculture, secondly, both partners need to set realistic expectations for the project, thirdly there must be transparency from the onset from both partners. The study recommends that extensive ground work must be conducted before choosing the private partner to team up with and the partner should display commitment and knowledge of the agricultural sector and the public should be well informed of their role in the project so that both sides can set realistic goals and expectations.
The research was done by testing the influence of variable business sustainability with business growth as intervening from Shariah compliance, governance, and social responsibility on the USPPS and KSPPS. Methods of data analysis used was Shem (Structural Equation Modeling) with Lisrel 8.80 data analysis tool. Variable Shariah compliance, corporate governance, social responsibility and good business growth partially or simultaneous effect significantly to sustainability efforts. Partially, the governance of the reflected by the dimensions of the influential independent positive and most dominant against the growth of the business. Partially, the Sharia compliance is reflected from the spiritual coaching with dimensions include DPS provide an indication of the influence is dominant in sustainability efforts. Responsibility that is reflected by this type of activity social Baitul Mal give positive impact and significantly to sustainability efforts. Partially, the reflected business growth of the dimensions of operational services turns out to be the most dominant in influencing the sustainability efforts of cooperatives. Business growth is the full intervening variables on influence of Shariah compliance, governance, and social responsibility a positive and significant effect against the sustainability of the cooperative.
Current study aimed at examining influence of healthcare service quality on satisfaction of resident patients during COVID19 pandemic within private Saudi hospitals. Quantitative approach was utilized depending on SERVQUAL and was adapted to healthcare service quality through adopted variables of (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, confidence or assurance, empathy, process and responsibility). Primary data were collected from (500) resident patients who had a stable moderate health status. SPSS was employed to screen and analyze collected data. Results of study indicated that there appeared a positive attitude from patients towards healthcare services quality within Saudi private hospitals which was attributed to (responsibility) and (process) as those variables appeared to be the most influential variables on satisfaction of resident patients within hospitals. Study recommended deepening health awareness among hospital workers about the concept, objectives and dimensions of the quality of health services, as they relate to human life and the human being is a supreme value, which requires the hospital to make every effort to provide him with distinctive quality health services. In addition to increasing the interest of hospital administrations in health management and hospital management and deepening them in relation to the quality of health services and their dimensions, as this contributes and strengthens the hospital’s ability to provide health services of distinctive quality to its patients, those with Covid-19 and others.
The article considers the models of contemporary interaction of small-format business entities with large companies operating in the Tyumen Region market as an option of survival in a tough economic environment. A characteristic feature of the current stage of business development in the region, as well as in the national economy, is a downscale of commercial activity due to the coronavirus pandemic. However, the greater flexibility, efficiency, and mobility of small businesses are looking for options to adapt to tough and changing economic conditions. The authors believe that it is impossible to implement a strategy for the development of the business sector in the region without the support of entrepreneurship by regional state authorities.
The present studyexplored the impact of the fiscal policy on inflation in Jordan. The researchers adopted an analytical approach to explore the impact of direct and indirect taxes on the consumer price index in Jordan. They carried out time series analysis for the period (1992 – 2000). The model includes the following variables: 1)-the consumer price index (dependent variable). 2)- Direct taxes, indirect taxes, import price index, and real GDP (independent variables). The researchers concluded that the direct taxes have negative significant impact on the consumer price index. They found that there is a significant and positive effect for indirect taxes, the import price index, and the real GDP on the consumer price index. They recommend analyzing the financial policy of the Central Bank in a periodical manner to explore the impact of the tools of the financial policy on the consumer price index (i.e. inflation).
Academician effectiveness evaluations are considered an effective mechanism for promoting growth in academia. This research aims to document literature concerning the factors that affect academician effectiveness. Academician effectiveness evaluations were implemented in thirteen Nigerian public universities spread over north-western Nigeria. The factors that predict academician effectiveness were examined in terms of the organization's motivation, social and communication climates through a PLS-SEM technique. To select an adequately representative sample, a two-stage random sampling approach was used. The participants of the study were 233 university lecturers and their 1665 students. Results indicated that motivation, social climate, communication climate were good predictors of academician effectiveness. Research on academician effectiveness should focus on methods, approaches, and effectiveness as experts and beginners see. Further, more consideration should be shown to solidifying academician effectiveness for the coming decades.
Business performance and business sustainability are the main things for companies to survive amid the implementation of global economic openness, to investigate this, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between decision making quality and innovation culture to business sustainability through firm performance in the context of a family business. Using a sample of 160 family business owners who already have a business license in Indonesia and content analysis based on their performance reports, evidence was gathered to test the hypothesis through structural equation modeling–partial least square (SEM-PLS) The results reveal that decision-making quality and innovation culture improve company performance, which in turn results in business sustainability. Decision-making quality and innovation culture positively affect firm performance, and firm performance mediates the creation of business sustainability. This study provides insight into how firm performance mediates decision making quality and innovation culture in business sustainability in the context of family businesses in Indonesia.
This study aims to examine the effect of exchange rate volatility on the stock market return volatility of the Colombo Stock Exchange, focusing on the structural break in the US Dollar (USD) exchange rates in terms of Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR). The structural break periods (SBPs) were detected based on structural break dates measured by using the Bai-Perron structural break test. The volatility of the USD exchange rate is used as an independent variable, whereas the All Share Price Index (ASPI) returns of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) is used as a dependent variable in this analysis. The study utilised weekly data from 1997 to 2017. Moreover, we employed the Generalised Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model to estimate the exchange rate volatility of USD and to explore ER volatility effect on the stock market returns volatility. The study found that (i) the volatility shocks are persistent in the USD exchange rate and ASPI in an extended period and different SBPs. (ii) Sri Lankan stock market is affected by the currency market volatility, but the effect is no homogeneous throughout the extended period of the data, instead, it varies in different SBPs. Freely open ER policy actively contributes to currency market volatility on the Sri Lankan stock market volatility than managed floating ER policy. The study recommends that the findings give necessary implications for the investors, portfolio managers, stockbrokers, and multinational corporations to make significant investment decisions and predict market behavior and take practical preventive actions in the case of volatility and the occurrence of structural breaks in both markets. Further, these findings help policymakers and regulatory authorities design appropriate and strategically policies concerning the currency market in Sri Lanka.
Small and Medium enterprises are the mainstays of an economy including Nigeria economy, however they are faced with many challenges which have affected their sustainability. One of such challenges is technology orientation; that is the ability to be positioned to accept new methods of doing business especially in innovation and information and communication technology that will lead to business sustainability. Many companies are restructuring, reengineering and rethinking how to do business in an effort to meet up with changing economic conditions in the world through technology orientation which Nigerian SMEs find difficult to do. The aim of this study is to develop a conceptual frame work on technology orientation as a tool for sustaining SMEs sustainability in Nigeria. The study emphasized three main reasons that will make it possible for SMEs to deploy technology in their business operations which are; ease of use, perceived usefulness, technical Complexity. The study concluded that technology orientation is must for SMEs owners in Nigeria in order to sustain their businesses.
This study investigates the effect of learning interest in the understanding of inventory management through online learning. The study's data came from 35 small and micro companies (SMEs) in East Jakarta, Indonesia, that operate in the manufacturing sub-sector. SPSS regression analysis was used to examine the hypothesis's correlations. The findings show that having a higher degree of interest in learning about inventory management through online learning can help them run their firm more efficiently and minimize manual inventory recording errors. As a result, even if the learning is done online, someone with the greatest learning interest makes SMEs strive to understand the contents of the financial statements. Otherwise, inventory will be tough to comprehend if a person's learning interest is poor. This is because there are two types of factors that can support learning interest: internal factors and external influences. As a result, politicians, universities, non-governmental organizations, and any other interested party involved in helping SMEs should give the required training and resources to boost SMEs' inventory management practices, which will improve their competitiveness. This would increase their contribution to the country's economic prosperity. Another suggestion is that while this study focuses on the SMEs' manufacturing sub-sector in East Jakarta, it might be utilized to generalize to large and medium scale and overall sectors.
The objective of this study of the structural equation model of casual factors that affect the change management and performance of logistics service companies was to conduct research to develop the structural equation model of the casual factors that have an influence on change management and organizational performance by collecting data from the personnel of logistics service companies in Phayao province, Thailand using a questionnaire and the data analysis with the structural equation model. From the results of the study, it can be summarized that the factors that drive change will lead to the practices related with change management, including diagnosis and placement, communication, leadership, and compensation and incentives, and the change management practices will provide organizations with improved operational performance. However, the factors, both the internal and external, that are the drivers of organizational change cannot directly affect an organization’s performance, which was a new finding that was beyond the expectations of the researcher. The findings from this research study can provide benefits to the academic community related to leadership and knowledge of change management to support research in business administration and related fields to further increase the body of knowledge. Also, entrepreneurs will be able to apply each component of change management in the model to use in strategic planning in accordance with various changes that occur in order to empower the development of organizations for strength and sustainable growth.
The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of auditor competence, team cohesiveness, and work culture either partially or jointly on auditor performance, in addition to knowing and analyzing the influence of auditor competence, team cohesiveness, work culture and auditor performance either partially or jointly on the work productivity of ship safety management auditors at the Directorate General of Sea Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia. The research sample was taken using the census method technique and the total sample was 237 respondents. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and data analysis techniques used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that either partially or jointly auditor competence, team cohesiveness and work culture had a positive and significant effect on auditor performance. The dominant variable affecting auditor performance is auditor competence. The variable contribution of auditor competence, team cohesiveness, and work culture to auditor performance is 60% and the rest is contributed by other variables not examined. Meanwhile, either partially or jointly auditor competence, team cohesiveness, work culture, and auditor performance have a positive and significant effect on work productivity. The dominant variable affecting the work productivity of auditors is auditor performance.
Agriculture is the main livelihood option for development of region of Kazakhstan, which is characterised by small land-holdings, upland terrain, traditional cultivation practices, extensive irrigation, poor water conservation measures, middle productivity, limited crop diversification and low yields of food grains. 53% of the population in Kazakhstan is concentrated in rural areas and the economy is mostly based on agriculture produce with very limited industrialisation. This paper aims to perform SWOT analysis of agriculture sector of Kazakhstan. The study has been carried out by conducting SWOT-review and analysis of key characteristics of agriâ�?business, management and land use in Kazakhstan in Turkestan region of Kazakhstan. It is found that agriculture sector is contributing a lot in region’s GDP and there are many areas in which agriculture sector needs to grow and establish itself as a primary mean of development. By adopting the proposed solutions, agriculture sector can be developed significantly, its imports will decrease and exports will increase. The strength of the district lies with favorable environmental conditions, availability of labor, availability of agricultural lands. The weakness of the district include inadequate financial services, over-reliance on climatic conditions, poor post-harvest management practices and market conditions. The negative ramification of climate change, weak links between research, markets, and policy, insufficient political will towards the continuity of programs are serious threats. Based on the results of SWOT, recommendations for agri business, management and land use were provided.
This study examined the impact on the efficiency of internal audit in Iraqi private banks using administrative accounting tools based on balanced scorecards. In order to achieve this aim, an information scorecard questionnaire has been created to assess its effects on the standard of internal auditing. In the case of Iraqi Middle East Investment Bank (IMEIB), Baghdad, Iraq, this work aimed at applying the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) to the strategic design of private banks. The bibliographic and documentary analysis technique and case studies were employed in the production of the work. The work ends by checking that the MSC ensures the harmonization of finance, industry, technology and innovation and that it is indispensable for communication strategies, management control systems and organizational strategies. With the outcome of the strategic objectives defined in the learning and growth prospects, IMEIB, Baghdad will support its internal business processes, thereby helping to achieve the desired results in terms of consumer and financial perspectives. In turn it is possible to get an overview of the real disadvantages in the strategic implementation process and to launch corrective steps through the results of the control process. In summary, BSC provides a holistic view of the organization for IMEIB management, including customer satisfaction operating measures, innovation levels and improvement programs, as well as financial measures.
