Etant toujours a la preoccupation des entreprises de services, la qualite des services est aujourd'hui dans le monde, un outil utilise par de nombreuses universites afin d'accroitre leur competitivite, consequence de la concurrence de plus en plus forte. Les universites pensent donc aux etudiants comme principaux clients et cherchent leur satisfaction par une amelioration de la qualite de leurs services [Nguyen T. (2012)]. L'objectif assigne a cet article est celui d'evaluer la qualite des services offerts par l'UEA/Bukavu a ses clients au travers de ses facultes. De par les donnees recoltees par la technique de convenance sur un echantillon de 230 etudiants tire par stratification proportionnelle, l'analyse factorielle, l'indice de la satisfaction des clients, le test t d'egalite des moyennes, la matrice d'importance-satisfaction et l'analyse de la variance ont permis d'aboutir a des conclusions telles que : les etudiants des facultes d'Agronomie et de Medecine sont plus satisfaits que celles d'Economie et de Theologie. Il s'agit de la consequence du degre de satisfaction de la dimension Tangibilite faiblement cotee en Theologie et Economie pourtant les etudiants y accordent plus d'importance. Ces resultats restent referentiels pour permettre aux gestionnaires de l'institution a ameliorer la qualite de leurs services.
Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield Western Bank, SHEFFIELD, S10 2TP, UK. +44 (0) 114 2226558, Fax: + 44 (0) 114 2766515 E.Milne@Sheffield.ac.uk John Swettenham & Ruth Campbell Department of Human Communication Science, University College London Chandler House, 2 Wakefield Street, LONDON, WC1N 1PF, UK. J.Swettenham@ucl.ac.uk R.Campbell@ucl.ac.uk
Recent evidence has indicated that some children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) show reduced ability to detect visual motion. The data suggest that this impairment is present in children with a range of autistic spectrum diagnoses, but not present in all children diagnosed with ASD. The occurrence of abnormal motion perception in children with ASD has led to speculation regarding the root of this impairment. Hypotheses regarding reduced sensitivity of the visual magnocellular system/cortical dorsal stream (Milne et al., 2002; Spencer et al., 2000) and reduced neuronal integration (Bertone et al., 2003), will be discussed. in this review. Clinical implications of the impairment, such as the degree to which motion perception may be related to diagnostic criteria and/or symptom severity in ASD, and the relationship between abnormal motion perception in autistic spectrum, and other, non-autistic spectrum developmental disorders will also be discussed. The conclusion is drawn that more research should be carried out including larger samples of participants, and that in future studies researchers should provide details of the variability of performance in their data, and investigate relationships between motion perception, diagnostic criteria, symptom severity and other potential correlates which, it is hoped will lead to further understanding of the implications of abnormal motion perception in ASD.
The perception of actions underwrites a wide range of socio-cognitive functions. Previous neuroimaging and lesion studies identified several components of the brain network for visual biological motion (BM) processing, but interactions among these components and their relationship to behavior remain little understood. Here, using a recently developed integrative analysis of structural and effective connectivity derived from high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assess the cerebro-cerebellar network for processing of camouflaged point-light BM. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) informed by probabilistic tractography indicates that the right superior temporal sulcus (STS) serves as an integrator within the temporal module. However, the STS does not appear to be a "gatekeeper" in the functional integration of the occipito-temporal and frontal regions: The fusiform gyrus (FFG) and middle temporal cortex (MTC) are also connected to the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and insula, indicating multiple parallel pathways. BM-specific loops of effective connectivity are seen between the left lateral cerebellar lobule Crus I and right STS, as well as between the left Crus I and right insula. The prevalence of a structural pathway between the FFG and STS is associated with better BM detection. Moreover, a canonical variate analysis shows that the visual sensitivity to BM is best predicted by BM-specific effective connectivity from the FFG to STS and from the IFG, insula, and STS to the early visual cortex. Overall, the study characterizes the architecture of the cerebro-cerebellar network for BM processing and offers prospects for assessing the social brain.
In their comprehensive review of motion perception in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), Milne and colleagues (2005) mention both that deficits in motion perception are found in only a subset of autistic individuals, and that such deficits have also been evidenced in other neurodevelopmental disorders than ASD. I think that this point deserves further discussion. Indeed, it bears quite directly on the issue whether a motion perception deficit reflects an underlying cause of ASD or not. If it does, how can one explain that it is not present in all autistic children, and that it is present in children with other disorders but no autistic symptom? If it does not, why is it associated with ASD (and other developmental disorders)? Explaining this paradox requires a relatively sophisticated causal model. I will describe and discuss the respective merits of two classes of models that may serve this purpose: the multiple risk factor model and the non-specific marker model.
