Student affairs have evolved from administrative functions to strategic mechanisms that promote holistic student development in higher education. However, existing studies remain fragmented, providing a limited understanding of how Student Affairs Supports (SAS) contribute to Student Comprehensive Qualities (SCQ) through Student Engagement (SE). This study conducted a systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature was retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang, and 40 peer-reviewed empirical studies were included after rigorous screening and quality appraisal using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The findings indicate that SAS consists of two complementary dimensions: Digital Intelligence Service Support and Developmental Empowerment Support. Both dimensions enhance students' behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement, thereby fostering Psychological Capital, Career Adaptability, and Civic Literacy. Guided by Astin's Input–Environment–Outcome (I-E-O) Model and supported by Self-Determination Theory and Multidimensional Student Engagement Theory, this review integrates existing evidence into a coherent conceptual mechanism linking institutional support, student engagement, and comprehensive student development. The review also identifies key research gaps and provides implications for future research and the design of student affairs practices in digitally transformed higher education.
This study investigates the effects of work–life balance and job satisfaction on professional commitment among employees in private dental clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam, within the context of digital transformation and AI-driven healthcare. Drawing on Social Exchange Theory, the Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) model, and Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the study develops a framework to explain how workplace conditions influence employees’ professional commitment. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected from 305 employees using structured questionnaires. The proposed relationships were examined using Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results reveal that both work–life balance and job satisfaction exert significant positive effects on professional commitment, with work–life balance demonstrating the stronger influence. These findings indicate that supportive working conditions and employee well-being are essential for strengthening workforce stability and professional attachment in private dental clinics. The study extends the literature by providing empirical evidence from an emerging healthcare market undergoing digital transformation and AI adoption. The findings offer practical implications for healthcare managers and policymakers in designing human resource strategies that enhance employee commitment, service quality, and sustainable organizational performance.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a transformative technology reshaping teaching and learning practices. By enabling personalized, cost-effective, and adaptive learning experiences, AI has become increasingly integrated into educational environments. However, its adoption also raises concerns related to credibility, trustworthiness, accuracy, privacy, and security. As part of a larger research project, this paper examines students' perceptions of AI-based personalised learning tools in Malaysian higher education institutions. Student perceptions were investigated using three variables derived from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2): Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), and Social Influence (SI), with an additional variable, Reliability and Trust (RT). A qualitative study involving in-depth interviews with thirteen participants was conducted to explore their experiences with an AI-based personalised learning tool, Brainly. Using thematic analysis, five themes were identified: support and customization, learning efficiency, accessibility and interactivity, peer encouragement and social comparison, and credibility and dependability. Learning efficiency emerged as the most prominent theme, with 92% of participants reporting enhanced understanding of complex topics, improved learning effectiveness through accessibility, immediate feedback, and interactive learning, and better efficiency in revision and practice. The findings provide insights for developers, academic institutions, and policymakers regarding AI personalised learning tool selection, syllabus development, and integration strategies.
This study examines the long-term impacts of lower secondary school career orientation experiences on the adult career mobility decisions and career satisfaction of the Vietnamese workforce born between 1980 and 2000. Employing a quantitative survey design with a sample of 1,059 working individuals, the research integrates Savickas’s Career Construction Theory, Human Capital Theory, Boundaryless Career Theory, and the Systems Theory Framework to evaluate structural and individual career determinants. Descriptive results indicate an overreliance on theoretical career instruction (Mean = 3.43) and minimal practical exposure (Mean < 3.00 for facility field trips). Inferential statistical analyses demonstrate that while early practical exploration frequencies do not significantly prevent adult job-hopping (p = 0.591), and adult job-matching with childhood preferences does not dictate long-term satisfaction (p > 0.05), the early formation of a distinct vocational interest during lower secondary education acts as a critical anchor, triggering significantly higher career satisfaction across all dimensions in adulthood (Mean = 4.00 vs. 3.29, p = 0.000). For job-changers (n = 213), career insecurity (28.87%) and workplace conflicts (25.09%) were primary push factors. Developing distinct early vocational interests acts as a vital psychological anchor for long-term career fulfillment. Results emphasize transitioning from theory-heavy guidance toward structured, technology-driven, and personalized career counseling models.
This study evaluates the thermal performance of passive building envelope strategies under current (2020) and future (2050 under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5) climate conditions in Marrakech, a hot semi-arid city facing increasing cooling demand. Glazing types, including tinted glazing (AL-Tinted) and low-emissivity glazing (Low-E), are used in building envelopes, along with phase change materials (PCM). A dynamic simulation approach was employed to assess 27 configurations combining different levels of expanded polystyrene (EPS) insulation, glazing types including tinted glazing (AL-Tinted) and low-emissivity glazing (Low-E) used in building envelopes, and phase change materials (PCM). Results indicate that in 2020, the most insulated configuration (EPS 10 cm + Low-E glazing + 4 cm PCM) reduced cooling demand by 62.7% but increased heating demand by 76.9%. Under future climate conditions, a configuration with moderate insulation (EPS 4 cm), Low-E glazing, and 4 cm PCM achieved the highest cooling reduction (−65.8%) while avoiding overheating. Configurations without insulation led to significant heating penalties exceeding +100%. The influence of envelope parameters shifts under climate change, with insulation dominating current performance and PCM becoming more significant in future scenarios. The findings highlight the need for climate-responsive design strategies, supporting a transition from insulation-driven approaches to adaptive combinations of glazing and thermal storage for hot climates.
This study examines which publicly visible launch signals are associated with stronger early community validation for AI startups on Product Hunt. The paper analyzes 50 AI startup launches listed on Product Hunt in 2025. Three retained predictors coded from Product Hunt pages and linked homepages are modeled against points and comments using negative binomial regression: agent or autonomy framing, ease-of-use cues, and integration claims. Agent or autonomy framing is positively associated with both points and comments. Ease-of-use cues are positively associated with comments, although the estimate is more tentative. Integration claims show no meaningful association in the present sample. Conclusion: Early audiences appear to respond more to launch signals that make an AI product look able to perform useful work and easy to try, rather than to generic or routine infrastructure claims. Founders and incubators should treat launch communication as part of venture design by making concrete agency, practical usefulness, and lower-friction adoption visible at first glance.
As societies face rapid technological and social change, lifelong learning has become essential for individuals to continuously adapt and reconstruct their knowledge and identities. In this context, Transformative Learning Theory (TLT) provides a critical lens for understanding how learners engage in reflection and achieve perspective transformation. Despite their conceptual alignment, the application of TLT in lifelong learning research remains fragmented, particularly with respect to its holistic dimensions. This study systematically examines how TLT is employed in the literature, focusing on its functional roles, theoretical positioning, and core components. Guided by the PRISMA framework, a systematic review of 52 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted. Qualitative content analysis was applied to classify studies across three analytical dimensions: functional use of TLT, theoretical positioning of holistic approaches, and components of transformation. The findings indicate that TLT is most frequently used as a core theoretical framework (73.1%), while holistic components are widely identified as explicit (82.7%), implicit (80.8%), and emancipatory (75.0%), but are not consistently integrated within individual studies. This study contributes to theory development by advancing a more integrative conceptualization of holistic transformative learning and offers implications for the design of lifelong learning environments that support multidimensional and sustained transformation.
This study aims to examine creative thinking strategies in academic debate among university students by identifying the representation of convergent thinking, divergent thinking, and lateral creative thinking in the Indonesian Student Debate Competition. The study employed a qualitative descriptive design. The data were obtained from debate recordings available on the YouTube platform and collected through observation and transcription techniques. The data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings reveal that divergent thinking is the most dominant strategy, reflected in students’ ability to explore broad ideas, shift perspectives, and build associations across issues. Convergent thinking supports the organization of ideas into logical, coherent, and decision-oriented arguments. Lateral creative thinking appears less frequently but contributes to challenging dominant assumptions, reframing issues, and producing non-linear perspectives. Creative thinking in academic debate functions as a strategic process that strengthens argument quality and discourse innovation. The findings provide insights for developing debate pedagogy and language learning practices in higher education.
Managerial accounting has long prioritized calculability, standardization, and financial control while often overlooking relational and affective dimensions of labor that are central to organizational value. This review addresses the absence of employee engagement in managerial accounting and positions it as a critical object of inquiry. Using a narrative review methodology, the study synthesizes literature published between 2020 and 2025, drawing on Human Capital Theory, Agency Theory, the Resource-Based View, and Stakeholder Theory. The approach emphasizes conceptual integration, reflexive interpretation, and genealogical tracing across accounting, human resource management, and organizational studies. The results indicate that engagement is consistently marginalized across four domains of managerial accounting: performance measurement, cost attribution, budgeting, and disclosure. Engagement is often outsourced to HR functions or treated as a discretionary expense, despite growing evidence that it contributes to innovation, retention, and resilience. The significance of this study lies in reframing engagement as both an economic and ethical dimension of accounting. The review advances a triadic conceptual framework of sensing, translating, and signaling to demonstrate how engagement can be recognized as a substantive accounting object. While interpretive in scope, the study offers important implications for policy, practice, and future cross-disciplinary research.
This research conducts a systematic literature review examining AI-driven adaptive learning systems and their deployment within educational environments. Drawing on 110 peer-reviewed sources retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science, the analysis investigates the ways these technologies foster individualized learning experiences, while pinpointing major advantages and substantial obstacles. The investigation focuses on three core dimensions: (1) technological and infrastructural obstacles impeding effective rollout, (2) the influence of such systems on learner motivation, involvement, and scholastic results, and (3) essential ethical issues, including algorithmic discrimination, protection of personal information, and system explainability. Results indicate reliable improvements in educational achievement, most notably in STEM fields and virtual learning settings, although they also expose serious concerns regarding access disparities and regulatory oversight. The article offers practical, implementable policy guidance and emphasizes the vital contributions of academic librarians, scholarly publishers, and educational technology providers in promoting ethical integration. Ultimately, the review stresses that multi-stakeholder partnerships, strong ethical guidelines, and equitable digital infrastructure are essential to realizing the full transformative capacity of AI-supported adaptive learning in a fair and enduring way.
This study aims to identify the key factors for implementing Lean 4.0 in the automotive manufacturing industry and to examine its impact on the performance of the automotive industry in Malaysia. A quantitative research design employing a cross-sectional approach was adopted for this study. Simple random sampling was utilized. Data were collected from 93 automotive manufacturing firms in Malaysia, with respondents comprising individuals from middle and senior management. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to investigate the relationship between the constructs. The main findings reveal that human, supplier, and customer factors positively influence Lean 4.0 implementation, while process factors do not have a significant effect. This research offers insight into the factors influencing Lean 4.0 implementation in automotive manufacturing. Moreover, this study assists policymakers and SMEs in planning training initiatives, facilitating knowledge transfer, and enhancing innovation and continuous improvement. This study addresses a critical gap in the empirical validation of Lean 4.0 implementation within the Malaysian automotive manufacturing context.
The terminal ballistic performance of Explosively Formed Projectiles (EFP) is governed by highly non-linear interactions between liner geometry and explosive characteristics. To address this complexity, a rigorous multi-objective optimization framework is established by integrating the Box-Wilson Central Composite Design (CCD) with explicit dynamics simulations. The interactive effects of liner height (h/d), top thickness (δ1/d), edge thickness (δ2/d), and charge length (l/d) are systematically quantified. Numerical models, validated against static firing experiments, demonstrate high predictive reliability with relative errors consistently below 6%. Statistical analysis reveals that top thickness dictates kinematic performance, contributing over 98% to velocity variance, while an energy saturation plateau is identified at a charge length ratio of l/d ≈ 1.2. Through constrained desirability optimization, an optimal configuration (h/d=0.221, δ1/d=0.032, δ2/d=0.012, l/d=1.215) is derived, achieving a terminal velocity of 2405 m/s, a penetration depth of 29.0 mm, and a hole diameter of 31.0 mm. Confirmatory simulations capture a significant dynamic necking effect at high velocities, effectively concentrating mass along the penetration axis and reducing target resistance. Consequently, the optimized projectile penetrates 24.4% deeper than statistical predictions and outperforms baseline designs by 34.9% in velocity, demonstrating the framework's efficacy for advanced warhead engineering.
This study examines the predictors of ethical decision-making among young accountants in Vietnam by focusing on the sequential relationship between moral awareness, moral judgment, and ethical intention. Drawing on Rest [1]'s moral decision-making framework and Hofstede’s concept of power distance, the study investigates how education, gender, power distance, and risk-taking propensity are associated with ethical cognition in an emerging-market context. Using survey data from 194 respondents, including accounting and auditing students as well as early-career auditors, the study applies structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the proposed relationships. The results provide support for an awareness-judgment-intention pathway in ethical decision-making. Gender, power distance, and risk-taking propensity were found to significantly influence moral awareness, while moral awareness strongly affected moral judgment, which in turn significantly shaped ethical intention. The findings also suggest that education-related effects are more nuanced, with professional exposure and academic seniority showing more evident associations with ethical cognition than education as a single overall factor. Overall, the study indicates that both individual characteristics and cultural orientation contribute to ethical decision-making among young accountants in Vietnam. By providing evidence from a non-Western and underexplored context, the study contributes to the accounting ethics literature and offers implications for ethics education and professional development in Vietnam’s accounting sector.
To evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of leachate from the Dar El Gueddari public landfill and assess its environmental impact on soil, surface water and groundwater, representative samples were collected and analyzed. The leachate exhibited an alkaline pH, low dissolved oxygen concentration (1.20 mg O₂/L), high suspended solids content (790 mg/L), and high electrical conductivity (42,900 μS/cm), elevated biochemical oxygen demand (1,422 mg O₂/L) and chemical oxygen demand (4,250 mg O₂/L). High concentrations of heavy metals were detected, in particular lead (23.56 mg/L), cadmium (14.46 mg/L), arsenic (11.20 mg/L), zinc (9.80 mg/L), iron (21.68 mg/L), copper (14.74 mg/L), nickel (9.80 mg/L), and chromium (15.55 mg/L). Microbiological analyses revealed severe contamination, with total coliform counts 1.9 × 10⁶ CFU/mL at 30°C, thermotolerant coliforms at 1.7 × 10⁴ CFU/mL at 44°C, Clostridium perfringens at 3.3 × 10⁶ CFU/mL at 37°C, coagulase-positive staphylococci at 5.1 × 10⁶ CFU/100 mL, yeasts at 2.3 × 10⁶ CFU/mL, and molds at 6.5 × 10⁵ CFU/mL. The measured concentrations significantly exceed World Health Organization discharge standards, posing a serious threat to the environment and health in the Dar El Gueddari region. Consequently, appropriate treatment of the leachate before its discharge into the environment is essential.
Frugal living is becoming a more common lifestyle choice among Indonesia’s Generation Z (17–28 years old), largely due to rising financial pressures and a growing concern for environmental sustainability. This study explores how Mental Accounting and Green Consumption influence their tendency to live more frugally, especially through deliberate financial decisions and consumption habits grounded in ethical and environmental considerations. Using a quantitative method, data were gathered from 300 respondents through an online survey. Initial statistical tests were conducted with SPSS 23, and the structural model was examined using AMOS Graphics 25. The results strongly support the proposed relationships. Mental Accounting helps individuals organize and manage their finances with greater awareness, while Green Consumption encourages them to make choices that are responsible and environmentally sound. These two factors together play a meaningful role in shaping frugal living behaviors among Indonesian Gen Z. The study concludes that financial awareness and sustainability-oriented values play an important role in shaping cost-conscious and environmentally responsible lifestyles. Practically, these findings highlight the importance of promoting financial literacy and sustainable consumption awareness to encourage frugal living among younger generations.
Sprinting efficiency depends on rapid force production and coordinated transfer of ground reaction forces between the lower limbs and the trunk. The transversus abdominis (TrA) stabilizes the deep core and facilitates segmental control of spinal function and regulation of intra-abdominal pressure. An impairment in the function of this muscle results in inefficient force transfer and performance deficits in sprint athletes. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a visual-feedback–based core stabilization program on TrA function, lower-limb isokinetic strength, and 100-meter sprint performance in elite male collegiate sprinters. Twenty-two athletes were assigned to either a visual-feedback core exercise group or a standard core exercise group, and both groups performed a 12-week intervention consisting of three sessions per week. TrA activation was assessed using surface electromyography, TrA thickness was measured via ultrasound, and quadriceps and hamstring concentric peak torque at 180°/s was evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer. Sprint performance was judged based on the fastest time across three 100-meter trials. The visual-feedback group showed significantly greater increases in TrA activation and TrA thickness than the standard core exercise group (p < 0.05). Both groups demonstrated improvements in quadriceps and hamstring strength, although enhancements were more pronounced in the visual-feedback intervention. Only the visual-feedback group showed a significant reduction in the 100-meter sprint time (p < 0.05), indicating effective translation of physiological adaptations to sport-specific performance. These findings suggest that visual-feedback–guided core stabilization may enhance deep trunk function, lower-limb force generation, and competitive sprint performance in elite athletes.
This systematic review explores digital workplace technologies (DWT) and tacit knowledge sharing (TKS) on employees’ digital competency (EDC). The review aims to synthesize empirical evidence on how DWT and TKS influence EDC. We draw on Van Laar et al. [1]'s theoretical model of six domains of digital workplace transformation was adopted. The review adopted PRISMA guidelines to compile and analysed peer-reviewed articles published between 2022 and 2025, retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and EBSCOhost databases. Out of 847 records identified, 31 studies met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to narrative synthesis. Findings revealed that DWT significantly supports digital competency by enabling continuous informal learning, collaborative digital routines, and ICT-mediated task execution. TKS positively reinforces digital self-efficacy, autonomy, and contextual tool proficiency through trust-driven peer exchange, and organizational knowledge enablers. The review was limited to English-language peer-reviewed articles and the dominance of cross-sectional survey designs, constituting 87.1% of the articles reviewed. This review advances knowledge by integrating a unified competency lens that explains digital competency as both a socio-technical and socially constructed outcome of DWT and TKS. It advances the Van Laar framework by integrating TKS as a digital-learning mechanism and provides multi-regional insights for future global research.
Entrepreneurial support should be viewed not only as a strategic lever for development but also as a mechanism for business consolidation and long-term survival. This research presents the results of an empirical study examining the contribution of support structures to the performance of 150 entrepreneurs in the Fez-Meknes region of Morocco. The study is structured around four key dimensions: mentoring, financing, training, and networking, drawing on a theoretical framework that integrates resource-based theory [1, 2], human capital [3], social capital [4, 5], and organisational ecology [6, 7]. Using a quantitative approach based on a structured Likert-scale questionnaire, data were analyzed through a two-stage methodology combining principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that mentoring (β=0.264, p<0.01), training (β=0.314, p<0.01), and access to finance (β=0.251, p<0.01) have a significant positive impact on business performance (R²=0.769), whilst networking shows no significant effect. These findings highlight the importance of contextually aligned, sector-specific support and suggest that policymakers should prioritize tailored mentoring, targeted training programs, and improved financial access mechanisms to enhance entrepreneurial performance in the Maghreb region.
Strengthening disclosure regulations to increase market transparency and investment decisions: Evidence from the Vietnamese stock market. Information disclosure plays a fundamental role in ensuring transparency and efficiency in financial markets. In emerging markets, where the legal framework and regulatory enforcement are still developing, the quality of corporate information disclosure is particularly important for mitigating information asymmetry and enhancing investor confidence. For the Vietnamese stock market, improving information disclosure practices has been recognized as a top priority to promote market transparency and sustainable capital market development. However, empirical evidence on the impact of information disclosure quality on investor perceptions and investment decisions in Vietnam remains limited. This study aims to examine the impact of information disclosure quality on market transparency, investor confidence, and investment decisions in the Vietnamese stock market. This study uses a quantitative approach, drawing on survey data collected from 326 individual investors and financial professionals participating in the Vietnamese stock market. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to examine the relationships among information disclosure quality, market transparency, investor confidence, and investment decisions. Empirical results show that market transparency and investor confidence mediate the relationship between information disclosure quality and investment behavior. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the mechanisms linking information disclosure to investment decisions in emerging markets. The findings also offer important policy implications for regulators and listed companies in strengthening information disclosure practices, improving market transparency, and enhancing investor confidence in the Vietnamese stock market.
The increasing complexity of corporate operations, digital reporting, and cross-border transactions has heightened the importance of external audit quality as a pillar of accountability and capital market trust. While prior research links audit quality to earnings management, reporting credibility, and investor protection, its impact on employee effectiveness remains underexplored. This study addresses that gap through a systematic literature review of 2020–2026 publications, integrating auditing and workforce performance research using a PRISMA-guided approach and bibliometric analysis. Eighty peer-reviewed studies from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and local repositories were analyzed. VOSviewer mapped co-citation networks, keyword co-occurrence, and bibliographic coupling to identify the field’s intellectual structure. Findings suggest an emerging link between high audit quality and employee effectiveness through stronger monitoring, standardized controls, and signaling effects that enhance discipline and productivity. However, conceptual fragmentation persists in measuring employee effectiveness and in addressing digital and ESG-related audit dynamics. High-quality external audits enhance governance, reporting credibility, accountability, and employee effectiveness through stronger monitoring and standardized controls. Organizations should improve auditor independence, expertise, and oversight to strengthen productivity and discipline.
