The rapid expansion of multicultural workforces across Southeast Asia, combined with heightened expectations of fairness and inclusion, has intensified the strategic importance of diversity management competency for organizational competitiveness. Firms across the region now face the challenge of converting diversity practices into inclusive internal conditions that support high performance. This study examines the direct influence of diversity management competency on firm performance and analyzes the mediating roles of inclusive climate, advancement opportunity, and power distribution, while also assessing the moderating role of leadership inclusiveness. A quantitative explanatory design was employed. The population consisted of employees working in medium and large organizations in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Brunei. A proportional stratified sampling technique was used to represent multiple sectors, resulting in a final sample of 612 respondents. Data were collected over a three-month period through structured questionnaires administered both onsite and online. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed framework. The results show that diversity management competency improves firm performance both directly and through the three mediating mechanisms. An inclusive climate encourages open participation, advancement opportunity strengthens motivation and retention, and equitable power distribution enhances trust and collaboration. Leadership inclusiveness further amplifies these relationships by shaping perceptions of fairness and shared influence across diverse groups. This study provides significant implications for organizational leaders and policymakers in Southeast Asia. Building strong diversity management competencies, supported by inclusive climates and equitable structures, can improve employee contributions, strengthen collective resilience, and enhance long-term firm performance.
Indonesian TikTok Shop users exhibit an abandonment rate of 84.8%, despite their high engagement, indicating that cart abandonment is a critical conversion barrier in live-streaming social commerce. With Indonesia's social commerce market anticipated to attain USD 22 billion by 2028, it is imperative to comprehend the factors contributing to incomplete purchases. Previous studies have neglected the relationship between cognitive overload, indecision, and streamer engagement. This study seeks to investigate the impact of choice overload on cart abandonment via consumer indecision and to evaluate the moderating effect of streamer performance on these dynamics. This study utilized a quantitative explanatory methodology through a survey technique. The demographic comprised Generation Z and Generation Y consumers engaging in TikTok Shop live-streaming commerce in Indonesia. A total of 215 respondents were chosen via purposive sampling. Data were gathered through an online questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings demonstrate that choice overload favorably affects hesitancy, hence considerably elevating cart abandonment rates. Hesitation to checkout completely mediates the connection between choice overload and cart abandonment, whereas streamer performance moderates the influence of both on cart abandonment. These findings enhance S-O-R theory by identifying hesitation to checkout as a complete mediator and streamer performance as a contextual moderator, offering practical implications for platforms and sellers to mitigate desertion through assortment simplification and streamer enhancement.
The accelerating development of digital platforms has led to a reshaped consumer behavior, especially in live streaming shopping, which combines interactivity, playfulness, and convenience to drive unplanned purchases. Despite growing interest in this phenomenon, limited studies have examined how playfulness interacts with other stimuli to shape impulse buying intention, especially among Generation Z, the dominant users of TikTok. This study focused on the relationships among convenience, interactivity, and playfulness and impulse buying intention, with perceived enjoyment functioning as a mediating variable within the Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) framework and gender as a moderating variable, using non-probability purposive sampling. The population consisted of Indonesian Generation Z who actively use TikTok Live Shopping, and 353 respondents were surveyed online in accordance with recommended sampling criteria. This study collected data via an online questionnaire measuring all constructs using a 5-point Likert scale and was analyzed using Smart PLS with the SEM-PLS technique. Additionally, perceived enjoyment acts as a mediator between the three stimulus variables towards impulse buying intention, while convenience, interactivity, and playfulness also exert direct effects. These results highlight playfulness as the strongest determinant in creating enjoyable experiences that foster impulsive behavior. Gender was found to moderate only the relationship between playfulness and impulse-buying intention, suggesting that the entertainment aspect affects men and women differently. Theoretically, this study advances the application of the SOR model in digital commerce by highlighting perceived enjoyment as a key mediating mechanism. Practically, it provides actionable implications for marketers to enhance the TikTok live shopping experience by ensuring seamless convenience, fostering interactive communication, and incorporating playful elements that appeal to Generation Z consumers.
Entrepreneurial agility is a crucial factor in Indonesia's online business. The sector is important in achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and supports the digital economy focus in RIRN 2017-2045. However, competition among online businesses is very tight. The purpose of this study was to examine the sustainable competitive advantage of online businesses based on explorative capabilities, digital competency, and innovative behavior. Furthermore, the study aimed to analyze the mediating role of entrepreneurial agility. The design was a quantitative type with data collection using questionnaires. The sample consisted of 153 MSMEs operating online businesses in Semarang City and its surrounding areas. Data collected with purposive sampling. The data was processed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (SEM-PLS) through SmartPLS 4. The results showed that explorative capabilities, digital entrepreneurial competency, and innovative behavior have a positive effect on entrepreneurial agility. Further findings demonstrated that digital entrepreneurial agility has a positive impact on achieving sustainable competitive advantage. The study had theoretical implications for highlighting the importance of digital entrepreneurial agility in improving MSMEs' sustainable competitive advantage. The novelty study enriched the dynamic capability theory by offering digital competency as a key to sustainable business. Managerial implications emphasized the need for digital business managers to prioritize innovative behavior in response to market competition.
There is still a big gap in the number of women in strategic leadership roles, even in colleges and universities. There is still a big gap in the number of women in strategic leadership roles, even in colleges and universities. This disparity highlights the necessity of comprehending the factors that influence the leadership ambitions of women lecturers among women academics, who continue to encounter patriarchal obstacles and the glass ceiling phenomenon. This study seeks to examine the impact of a Supportive Organizational Culture on the Leadership Aspirations of Women Lecturers, with Motivation to Lead serving as a mediator and Family Support acting as a moderator. The study employed an explanatory quantitative methodology, focusing on women lecturers at Brawijaya University who held at least the academic rank of Lecturer. The results of the study indicate that a Supportive Organizational Culture positively influences Women Lecturers' Leadership Aspiration and their Motivation to Lead. Motivation to Lead positively influences aspirations and functions as a partial mediator between Supportive Organizational Culture and Women Lecturers' Leadership Aspiration. Family Support has been proven to be the most important factor that negatively influences this relationship. This shows that Family Support functions as a buffer, so that organizational support becomes most effective in increasing leadership aspirations, especially for women who face inadequate family support. Theoretically, this study combines Role Congruity Theory and Self-Determination Theory. Practically, the findings of this study assist universities in formulating supportive strategies to increase motivation and leadership aspirations among women lecturers.
Indonesia and Thailand face high disaster risks and severe environmental degradation, particularly due to unsustainable practices in the energy sector. This situation highlights the urgent need for companies to adopt sustainable business models to ensure long-term growth and resilience. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance scores on the Sustainable Growth Rate of energy sector companies in Indonesia and Thailand, considering the mediating role of financial performance. The research employs a quantitative explanatory approach. The population consists of all energy sector companies listed in Indonesia and Thailand, with non-probability Sampling used to select companies that disclose ESG data in the Refinitiv database for the period 2019 to 2023, resulting in a total of 55 observations. Using panel data regression with a Random Effects Model and the estimation method Cluster-Robust Finite-Sample Standard Error. This estimation approach was chosen to overcome the limited number of companies and the potential for heteroscedasticity between cross-sectoral units. The results show no significant direct impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance on Sustainable Growth Rate, in contrast to financial performance, which has a significant influence. Additionally, financial performance does not have a mediating effect between Environmental, Social, and Governance pillars and Sustainable Growth Rate. This suggests that ESG implementation in these energy sectors has not yet evolved into a key strategy for sustainable growth, highlighting the need for stronger policy enforcement and comprehensive Environmental, Social, and Governance integration to improve sustainability and investor confidence.
Micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs) serve as the backbone of Indonesia’s economy, and their performance requires continuous strengthening because family-owned businesses dominate the sector and face persistent challenges in managing innovation and financial resources. This study aims to analyze the influence of innovation and entrepreneurial finance on business performance, particularly within family-owned SMEs in Indonesia, where family-owned businesses dominate the sector and face persistent challenges in managing innovation and financial resources, creating a strategic question about how these two factors jointly affect business performance. The study adopts a quantitative approach, distributing structured questionnaires to 309 SME owners and managers across multiple sectors, and uses purposive sampling to capture diverse business conditions. The data are examined using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both measurement and structural models. The findings demonstrate that innovation exerts a significant positive effect on business performance and that entrepreneurial finance strengthens this effect by mediating the relationship between innovation and performance. The study contributes novelty by integrating the Resource-Based Theory with entrepreneurial finance to explain SMEs’ sustainability, and it provides practical implications by highlighting how family businesses can enhance competitiveness through innovation and sound financial strategies.
The Indonesian batik industry faces increasing pressure from rapid fashion cycles, digital market transformation, and intensified competition, requiring MSMEs to strengthen market responsiveness while preserving cultural identity. This study examines the effects of Market Orientation, Agile Aesthetic Innovation, and Dynamic Adaptive Capability on Business Performance and tests whether Dynamic Adaptive Capability mediates the relationships between strategic capabilities and performance. A quantitative explanatory design was applied to 220 owners and managers of batik MSMEs in Pekalongan, Solo, Lasem, Madura, and Sidoarjo. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS 3. The findings show that Agile Aesthetic Innovation is the strongest direct driver of Business Performance, followed by Market Orientation and Dynamic Adaptive Capability. Agile Aesthetic Innovation also positively influences Dynamic Adaptive Capability, whereas Market Orientation does not significantly affect it. The mediation test indicates that Dynamic Adaptive Capability does not significantly mediate the relationships between Market Orientation, Agile Aesthetic Innovation, and Business Performance. These findings suggest that batik MSMEs improve performance mainly through direct market-oriented decisions, rapid aesthetic renewal, and adaptive capability. This study contributes by introducing Agile Aesthetic Innovation as a context-specific capability for culture-based creative MSMEs.
Empirical evidence explaining how MSMEs transform intense competitive pressures into sustainable innovation through internal strategic mechanisms remains limited, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Addressing this gap is urgent to identify adaptive decision-making processes that enable MSMEs to remain innovative and resilient in a highly competitive, resource-constrained environment. This study aims to analyze the effect of business competition intensity on innovativeness and entrepreneurial-based intuitive decision making, as well as the impact of such decision making on innovativeness. This study method used purposive sampling and involved 413 MSME actors in East Java as respondents. The data were processed using descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the AMOS program (Analysis of Moment Structure). The results show that the intensity of business competition has a significant positive effect on both innovativeness and intuitive entrepreneurial decision-making. In addition, intuitive entrepreneurial decision-making also has a significant positive effect on innovativeness. The main novelty of this study is the finding that entrepreneurial-based intuitive decision making can act as a strong mediator in the relationship between business competition intensity and innovativeness. The implications of the study underscore the importance of synergy between entrepreneurial attitudes and intuition to improve decision quality and encourage corporate innovation, especially in a highly competitive environment.
This study investigates the intricate dynamics of digital transformation programs and business performance, with an emphasis on the mediating role of customer experience optimization and the moderating role of technology infrastructure preparedness. Based on survey responses from 247 executives across various industries in Indonesia, this study uses structural equation modeling to estimate the posited relationships. The results verify that digital transformation positively influences business performance, both directly and indirectly, through better customer experience. Additionally, preparedness of technology infrastructure strongly moderates the alignment of digital transformation with customer experience optimization, such that firms well prepared in this regard derive the maximum benefits from their digital programs. The current work contributes to existing foundational theories by identifying key mediating and moderating mechanisms that explain heterogeneity in digital transformation returns, dispelling naive deterministic conceptions of technological dynamics. The results provide actionable insights for business executives who want to maximize returns on their digital investments. They emphasize strategic alignment across digital transformation, customer experience optimization, and technology infrastructure preparedness as the cornerstones of effective digital programs. The current work contributes to the body of knowledge in digital business strategy by clarifying the intricate mechanisms by which digital investments translate into superior business performance.
The rapid proliferation of the coffee shop industry, coupled with the high mobility and exploratory nature of Generation Z students, presents a critical challenge for Kopitiam businesses in maintaining customer retention. Grounded in Service-Dominant Logic (SDL), this study aims to analyze the influence of personalized experience and food and beverage quality on customer loyalty, with brand trust serving as a mediating variable. This explanatory quantitative research collected data through a purposive sampling technique from 150 Generation Z university students in Malang City who had visited a Kopitiam at least twice within the last six months. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The findings reveal a distinct dichotomy where personalized experience has a significant direct effect on enhancing customer loyalty, whereas food and beverage quality does not directly influence loyalty but is fully mediated by brand trust. This indicates that in a saturated market, product quality functions merely as a hygiene factor, while brand trust acts as the pivotal psychological axis for Generation Z customer commitment. The novelty of this study lies in positioning brand trust as a bridge between functional product value and relational experience within the Kopitiam cultural ecosystem. These findings imply that Kopitiam operators must shift their focus from mere menu innovation to "relationship engineering," prioritizing organic personal interaction and consistent operational standards to ensure long-term loyalty.
The rapid expansion of sustainability marketing has increased the risk of greenwashing, raising urgent concerns about declining consumer trust and the effectiveness of environmental communication. As consumers become more environmentally aware, misleading green claims may not only fail to persuade but also actively undermine pro-environmental purchasing behavior. This study aims to examine how perceived greenwashing influences purchase intention by analyzing the mediating roles of consumer skepticism and brand trust, as well as the moderating role of environmental concern. Employing a quantitative, cross-sectional research design, data were collected through an online questionnaire from 340 adult consumers who had been exposed to environmental marketing claims. A purposive sampling technique was applied to ensure respondent relevance, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The results demonstrate that perceived greenwashing significantly increases consumer skepticism and reduces brand trust, both of which mediate its negative effect on purchase intention. In addition, environmental concern strengthens these relationships, indicating that environmentally concerned consumers react more strongly to perceived inconsistencies in green claims. This study offers novelty by integrating signaling theory and attribution theory into a consumer-centric dual mediation model that explains why sustainability messaging can backfire when credibility is questioned. The findings provide important implications for marketers and policymakers by highlighting the need for credible, verifiable environmental communication and stronger governance of green marketing practices.
The Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DGCE) is one of the Directorates General within the Ministry of Finance responsible for formulating and implementing policies in the areas of supervision, law enforcement, services and facilities, and optimization of state revenue in the areas of customs and excise in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. However, even though DGCE is a government agency, its performance still needs to be optimized. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of talent management and knowledge management on organizational performance in public organizations. Employee engagement in this study is expected to contribute to state revenue growth, thereby boosting the Indonesian economy. A quantitative technique was used in an explanatory research design. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, 303 respondents were chosen from among 912 Heads of Offices and Heads of Subdivisions/Sections throughout Indonesia. Likert scale surveys were used to gather data. Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was used to do the analysis. Generational differences were also tested using multi-group analysis (MGA). The findings demonstrate that knowledge and talent management directly enhance organizational performance. Employee engagement can mediate the relationship between talent management and knowledge management on organizational performance. MGA results, however, show no discernible generational differences. The novelty of this study lies in comparing the public and private sectors. These results contribute to the body of study on human resource management in public institutions and offer recommendations to enhance DGCE's talent management, knowledge management, and employee engagement.
The high unemployment rate among university graduates in Indonesia underscores the urgent need for universities to encourage students to become job creators. However, most previous studies have focused more on individual factors such as motivation, personality, or self-efficacy in relation to entrepreneurial intent, while the role of institutional support from universities and the process of internalizing an entrepreneurial mindset have rarely been studied comprehensively, especially in the context of private universities in East Java, which are characterized by an MSME-based economy and high graduate unemployment rates. The study aims to analyze the effect of university support on students’ entrepreneurial intentions, with entrepreneurial mindset as a mediating variable, and gender and training participation as moderators. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. This study population consists of private university students in East Java, with a total of 400 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The questionnaire instrument was analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that university support significantly influences entrepreneurial intention both directly and indirectly through entrepreneurial mindset. Multi-group analysis revealed that the effect of university support was stronger among female students and those who participated in entrepreneurship training. The findings highlight that campus-based support systems in the form of curriculum, training, mentoring, and business incubation can strengthen students' entrepreneurial mindset so that they are more creative, innovative, and dare to take risks in starting a business. The study’s novelty lies in integrating institutional and psychological factors within a single comprehensive model, specifically contextualized to East Java’s socio-economic dynamics. Theoretically, it extends the Theory of Planned Behavior by emphasizing the mediating role of the entrepreneurial mindset. In practice, it provides universities with a foundation for designing inclusive, gender-responsive, and experience-based entrepreneurship programs to reduce graduate unemployment.
Studies related to revisit intention are important, especially in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. At that time, many tourism destinations and businesses were destroyed and tended to close, so a strategy was needed to revive revisit intention at tourist destinations in Indonesia. This study aims to provide a tourism marketing perspective on tour service quality, Cleanliness, Health, Safety, and environmental sustainability (CHSE), tourist satisfaction, and gender. Tourist satisfaction as a mediator and gender as a moderator. This study employs a quantitative approach, data collection with a questionnaire, with a sample of domestic tourists. The study was conducted from June to September 2024, using a questionnaire administered directly via Google Forms. The study included 350 respondents; the sample was determined using purposive sampling. Data have been analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling and Multi-Group Analysis with Smart PLS 3.0. This investigation found that both female and male tourists: tour service quality has a positive effect on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention. Meanwhile, for both females and males, the role of CHSE does not significantly affect revisit intention. Tourist satisfaction has a positive effect on revisit intention. The results of the indirect effect show that tourist satisfaction mediates the effects of tour service quality and CHSE on revisit intention, for both males and females. The moderation effect of gender in the relationship between tour service quality, CHSE, and tour satisfaction has a positive influence, but the relationship is not significant.
Technological advances have impacted intense business competition in the banking world, requiring all banks to compete in updating systems to maintain service quality, which is essential to a business' success. Factors influencing the decision to save in syariah banks are religiosity, trust, and service quality. This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of religiosity, trust, and service quality on the saving decisions of Islamic students, both directly and indirectly through intention. The population in this study comprises Islamic students at PTKI (Islamic Higher Education Institutions) in Malang. The study uses a sample of 240 students from PTKI Malang, selected through purposive sampling based on criteria such as a minimum grade of A for PTKI and students enrolled in the Islamic banking study program. This study employs quantitative analysis with an explanatory study approach. Data were analyzed using path analysis to test the significance and direct and indirect effects using SPSS 24 software. The study's results indicate that religiosity, trust, service quality, and intention significantly influence saving decisions. However, intention does not mediate the influence of religiosity, trust, and service quality on saving decisions. The findings from this study could be applied to enhance the decision to save by building service quality, customer trust, and sharing the bank’s reputation, so that they receive credible information from the bank.
Banking challenges resulting from liquidity-tightening conditions for loan growth and funding require a banking transformation strategy to orchestrate the banking ecosystem. This study aims to uncover the strategies employed by banks to address current challenges through banking transformation towards a closed-loop banking ecosystem in the context of developing countries, specifically Indonesia, from the perspective of corporate relationship bankers. This qualitative research was conducted exploratively using the grounded theory method. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 18 corporate relationship bankers in the corporate segment of state-owned and private banks. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the model strategy for a closed-loop banking ecosystem. This study reveals the strategy formation for a closed-loop banking ecosystem in banking transformation and development, addressing banking challenges in Indonesia. This study examines the role of corporate relationship bankers in transforming the closed-loop banking ecosystem, specifically as orchestrators of a closed-loop banking ecosystem model characterized by seamless business processes and effective risk management. Theoretically, this study reveals how the formation of a closed-loop banking ecosystem strategy model confirms and extends existing theoretical perspectives on resource-based theory for the development of banking capabilities in resource-constrained banking environments. This study emphasizes the development of resource-based theory that highlights capabilities multipliers, contextual capabilities, adaptive capabilities, and the real-time dynamism of the closed-loop banking ecosystem.
Peer-to-peer lending has emerged as a leading innovation in Indonesia's financial technology landscape, transforming traditional lending practices with its efficiency and accessibility. This study aims to uncover the key factors influencing users' intention to sustain use of P2P lending platforms amid rising adoption rates. Using the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM), this study explores the impact of financial self-efficacy (FSE), perceived risk (PR), and digital financial literacy (DFL) on user satisfaction(ST) and sustained engagement or continued intention (CI). In addition, this study discusses the positive and negative impacts that may arise from this evolving lending model, contributing to the discussion on financial inclusion and the sustainability of fintech innovation in Indonesia. This study used Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that financial self-efficacy, perceived risk, and digital financial literacy positively affect user satisfaction and the intention to continue using P2P lending. Satisfaction and perceived benefits are the main drivers of user retention. Financial literacy education, transparency in risk management, and the development of user-friendly features can increase trust and loyalty to the platform.
Employee disengagement has risen to prominence in Indonesia, where the realization of working across big cities and rural areas causes stress on both managers and employees. Disengagement undermines retention and has a negative impact on productivity at a time when our national economy is changing rapidly, so this topic is worth the time and attention it deserves. The present study investigates the impact of job satisfaction, directive leadership, and empowering leadership on disengagement among employees. It also evaluates whether workload modifies the magnitude of the relationship between disengagement and satisfaction in urban and regional workplaces. Using a quantitative design, the study collected survey data from 500 employees who were purposefully chosen to work in a variety of industries in both major cities and rural areas. The period of data collection in 2024 was May through August. Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling was employed in the analysis to investigate the correlations between the variables. The findings indicate that while directive leadership tends to increase disengagement, empowering leadership significantly reduces it. One important protective factor that lowers disengagement is job satisfaction. Only empowering leadership shows a clear and consistent correlation with reduced disengagement, even though both directive and empowering leadership increase satisfaction. The analysis also reveals that workload moderates the influence of job satisfaction. There are diminishing returns to having happier employees when they’re overworked, and this dynamic is stronger in urban, compared with rural regional settings. Furthermore, incorporating workload as a moderating variable in an urban and regional setting of the study in a developing economy is a contribution. This shows that in order for job satisfaction to further enhance employee engagement, the role clarity, empowerment, and workload should be encouraged by the organization, with emphasis on the heavy demand of employees' energy use in large cities.
The fashion industry faces challenges in building strong emotional relationships with consumers amidst increasingly fierce market competition, especially with differences in preferences based on gender and age. This study aims to explore the influence of brand experience on brand love, brand equity, and brand authenticity, and how these factors affect consumer satisfaction. The theory in this study uses the Relationship Theory approach. This study analyzes the emotional relationship between consumers and brands in the fashion industry. Data were collected through a survey of 419 respondents from Generations Y and Z using purposive sampling, and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study indicate that brand experience significantly affects brand love, brand equity, and brand authenticity, but the relationship between brand authenticity and consumer satisfaction is not significant. In contrast, brand love and brand equity show a positive influence on consumer satisfaction. Multigroup analysis shows that women tend to have stronger emotional relationships with brands than men, while older consumers emphasize the importance of brand equity to their satisfaction. This study provides important insights into marketing strategies through brand experience, brand love, and authenticity to increase consumer satisfaction, while filling the literature gap related to the dynamics of consumer emotional relationships with fashion brands from a gender and age perspective.
