Understanding and improving teacher well-being are essential prerequisites for effective teaching. However, studies on teacher well-being in Indonesia are few. This mixed-method study was conducted to identify the factors that influence the well-being of teachers in primary schools in Indonesia. Data were collected through self-rating and open-ended questions from 209 primary school teachers followed by semi-structured interviews with eight teachers. The results of the self- rating survey illustrated that the teachers were very satisfied with their lives as a teacher. Well-being was considered important in their work, because it can exert a positive impact on students. The results of the thematic analysis demonstrated that relational and professional dimensions are the most frequently cited themes in the responses as factors that support and inhibit well-being. The lack of learning facilities and infrastructure in schools are cited as the most inhibiting factors. The study discussed potential explanations for the findings in relation to teacher well-being.
Sleep is crucial to the overall well-being of individuals. Sleep deficiency can lead to various physical and mental health issues, including more severe insomnia, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Improving sleep quality is often emphasized through sleep hygiene. An emerging nonpharmacological intervention is the use of weighted blankets, which apply deep-pressure stimulation to promote feelings of relaxation, comfort, and security similar to a gentle hug. This study explored the effects of weighted blankets on sleep quality and symptoms of insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Thirty participants (M = 33 years, SD = 9.13) used weighted blankets for 14 nights. They completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 items (HSCL-25) questionnaires. A wearable sleep tracker monitored physiological conditions such as resting heart rate, breathing quality, stress levels, total sleep duration, and deep sleep percentage. Results indicated significant improvements in subjective sleep quality and reductions in insomnia, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, although no significant changes were noted in objective sleep quality scores. As a quasi-experimental study with no control group, the study carries the limitations related to a quasi-design.
The increased adoption of distance learning in higher education, which was especially evident in urban areas during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscores the crucial role of self-regulated learning (SRL) skills. Although previous research demonstrated positive correlations between learner factors and SRL in distance education, a research gap exists in understanding the mediating and moderating roles of specific factors. This study addresses this concern by examining the relationship between digital literacy and SRL as mediated by attitude toward e-learning with task value as a moderator. The study recruited 538 college students (aged 17–25 years) from 10 public universities. Digital literacy was measured using the Self-perceived Evaluations of Digital Literacy Competencies. We measured attitudes toward e-learning using the E-Learning Attitudes Questionnaire. This study also used the Subjective Task Value instrument to measure task value and the Self-Regulated Online Learning Scale to measure SRL. The results indicate that task value significantly strengthened the relationship between digital literacy and SRL through the mediating role of attitudes toward e-learning. Hence, digital literacy can support SRL through the mediation of attitudes toward e-learning and is strengthened by the task values of college students in distance learning.
Urban environments can help form cross-ethnic friendships among individuals. However, many parents impose restrictions on their children's ability to develop friendships, particularly between Chinese and Javanese ethnic groups. These parental restrictions directly impact the quality of friendships and are believed to be mediated by self-efficacy. This study examined the role of self- efficacy as a mediator in the relationship between parental restrictions and the quality of cross- ethnic friendships. The study involved 400 emerging adults aged 18–25 years, comprising 200 Chinese and 200 Javanese individuals. Parents' peer restriction, Cross-Ethnic Friendship Self- Efficacy, and McGill Friendship Questionnaires-Friendship Function were used to measure parental restriction, self-efficacy, and friendship quality. Hypotheses were tested using the Sobel test. The study found that self-efficacy did not mediate between parental restriction and friendship quality. The findings suggest considering the role of friendship duration on interethnic friendship quality consistent with the principles of proximity and homophily.
Unsustainable consumption is at the root of many current environmental issues, including global warming, waste pollution, and biodiversity loss. It is therefore important to identify the predictors of sustainable consumption, particularly among Generation Z, the largest age cohort in the current population of Indonesia. This research aimed to investigate the association between nature relatedness, environmental concern, and sustainable consumption behavior among Generation Z in Semarang City. A total of 140 participants were involved in this research through convenience sampling. Instruments that were used are the Sustainable Consumption Behaviour scale (19 items; α=0.841), the Nature Relatedness scale (24 items; α=0.904), and the Environmental Concern scale (24 items; α=0.878). The data was analyzed with the hierarchical multiple regression technique using SPSS version 29.0.1.1 software. The findings reveal that nature relatedness and environmental concern positively predict sustainable consumption behavior (β=.275, p
The relationship between teachers and parents plays an important role not only in determining the success of student learning at school but also in influencing the subjective well-being of teachers. However, the ideal teacher-parent relationship is not always possible. Often there are conflicts between parents and teachers that make student learning outcomes at school not optimal. A poor relationship between teachers and parents will also reduce the subjective well-being of teachers. This paper will analyze the management of good teacher-parent relationship to improve the subjective well-being of teachers. This study uses a literature review method from 14 research journal articles to identify the problems that become barriers on parents teacher relationships. The study found that differences in perceptions of student abilities between teachers and parents caused the most conflicts in the teacher-parent relationship. Furthermore, the results of the study found that trust and communication skills are two important elements for managing teacher-parent partnerships which ultimately play a role in increasing teachers subjective well-being. The implications of the results of this study become a reference for school institutions to pay more attention to the subjective well-being of teachers by designing strategies to improve teacher-parent relationship
Distance learning as an impact of COVID-19 pandemic becomes a challenge for teacher effectiveness. The current study examined the role of psychological capital as a mediator of the relationship between openness to experience and teacher effectiveness. This study involved 172 senior high school teachers in Jabodetabek as respondents who are currently conducting distance learning. Respondents are 117 female teachers (68%) and 55 male teachers (32%) who have teaching experience in the range of 5 months to 35 years (M = 161.34, SD = 121.8). The mediation analysis results revealed a significant indirect effect between openness to experience and teacher effectiveness through psychological capital, 𝛽 = .999, p < .01, 95% CI [.668, 1.369]. These findings prove that psychological capital mediates the relationship between openness to experience and teacher effectiveness. Therefore, teachers should have high openness to experience to increase psychological capital so teacher effectiveness will also increase.
Uncertain situations have further exacerbated great vulnerability to stressors and a high risk of mental health problems in urban populations. The adverse effects of uncertainty on well-being have been increasingly concerning and heightened the need to understand intolerance of uncertainty (IU) as a factor that influences responses to uncertainty. However, few scales have been developed to measure IU, especially in Indonesia. To address this concern, the current study aimed to develop a reliable and valid Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale for Indonesian Adults (IUS-A). The scale was developed and validated using data from 588 participants aged 20–65 years (M = 32, SD = 11.04) from various provinces in Indonesia. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the unidimensional IUS-A fit the theoretical model. The final version of the IUS-A consists of 18 items with good internal consistency and a valid measurement of IU. Furthermore, the items exhibited good discriminatory power to differentiate individuals with high and low levels of IU. Based on these results, IUS-A is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring IU in the adult population in Indonesia.
Amidst the popular use of Tinder in urban society, the decision whether or not to date someone tends to be made quickly based on a photo and a short profile description. Simple as it may seem, there are moments when swiping gets challenging, especially for women. Tinder has a notorious reputation when it comes to gender-based violence. Unfortunately, despite the significant increase in online dating apps usage during the COVID-19 pandemic, this phenomenon is still highly underresearched.
Childhood adversity involves a wide range of negative experiences that pose a serious threat to a child’s wellbeing. It has been consistently shown to predict (chronic) depression in subsequent stages of development, but mechanisms underlying the relationship are still less clear. Moving from a cumulative approach of lumping heterogeneous categories of childhood adversity to a dimensional approach of classifying negative experiences into two major dimensions (threat and deprivation) has facilitated the identification of specific processes by which childhood adversity can predict depression. This review aims to provide an integrative overview of how childhood adversity increases the risk for depression using the biopsychosocial framework. We will summarize findings from neuroimaging, behavioral, and social research. Recommendations for future research and preventions/interventions are also discussed.
Addictive alcohol use among university students in China is a growing public health concern. This study examines Binge drinking and time perspective among Black African students from Southwest University in China. While the Time Perspective focuses on the past, present, or future that may predict alcohol abuse, its relationship with Binge drinking among Black Africans in China remains unexplored. Among 370 participants, data was gathered using the Time Perspective Inventory and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Regression analysis indicated a positive association between the present (fatalistic, hedonistic), future, and past-positive TP and binge drinking, while the Future time frame showed an indirect correlation. Age and Sex also correlated with Past Positive and Future time frames. These findings might inform interventions to mitigate heavy drinking on campuses, given students' concerns about future uncertainties.
The introduction of single-use plastic into modern daily life has created an alarming number of plastic-waste in Indonesia. Government policies and social movements efforts to reduce and manage single-use plastic waste may not be enough. It is therefore important to study the factors related to the inclination of individual citizens to participate in the recycling effort, which is unfortunately still quite low. This study implements the Theory of Planned Behaviour to measure the predictiveness of the antecedent factors; attitude toward recycling single-use plastic, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control; on the intention to recycle single-use plastic among Generation Z in Jabodetabek. A number of 301 participants were selected through convenience sampling method; then the structural equation modelling was performed using Jamovi to study model fit and causal relationship among the factors. The proposed structural model demonstrated good model fit. The result shows that attitude was the strongest predictor of intention; followed by perceived behavioural control which was also an important predictor of intention at a slightly lesser degree. In contrast, subjective norm was a weak direct predictor of intention, it only contributes significantly to intention via the mediation of attitude toward recycling single-use plastic.
The current workforce in organizations is heavily dominated by millennials, who have high turnover tendencies. Several studies have revealed a strong link between how urban millennials perceive their quality of work-life and their company loyalty. Furthermore, the level of organizational commitment (OC) has been consistently associated with employee turnover intentions (TI). Based on previous studies, OC serves as a mediating variable for the influence of quality of work-life (QWL) on TI. This study applies three online questionnaires—the QWL Evaluation Scale, the OC Questionnaire, and the Intention to Leave Scale. A convenience sampling technique is applied to sample 280 millennial employees (born from 1983 to 1998) in Jakarta. The data were analyzed with a regression-based mediation analysis method using PROCESS macro in SPSS. Our results reveal that the indirect effect of QWL on TI via affective and normative commitment is significant. It is also found that the mediating role of these two OC dimensions is partial. We recommend that retention strategies should be implemented to improve millennials’ OC.
This study aims to reveal whether there are differences in father-child relationships and mother-child relationships based on gender and to determine whether the father-child and mother-child relationship affects smartphone addiction in adolescents. This research used quantitative methods. The research participants were 159 male and 229 female adolescents aged 10-15 years in Surabaya and Sidoarjo. Research data was obtained using a questionnaire distributed online (google forms). The data were processed by using a t-test and multiple regression analysis. This research concludes that the quality of the father-child and mother-child relationship does not differ across gender. Father-child relationships and mother-child relationships both affect teenagers' smartphone addiction. The implication of this study emphasizes the importance of parents forming positive quality parent-child relationships by being friends with children, communicating intimately, and reducing parent-child conflicts. Further research is recommended to examine parent-child relationships from two perspectives: parents and adolescents or conduct qualitative research to describe the dynamics of parent-child relationships and smartphone addiction in adolescents.
Online dating applications are frequently used by young adults across the globe. Research from several countries has found a strong link between the use of dating apps and risky sexual behavior. Risky sexual behaviors refer to sexual behaviors that may lead to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and/or unwanted pregnancies. This study aims to examine the use of smartphone dating applications by young adults in big cities in Indonesia to explore if users engage in risky sexual behavior with fellow users. To investigate this question, this study employed mixed methods including a survey and focused interviews. The survey succeeded in collecting data from 633 dating application users and the focused interviews were conducted with 6 participants. Interview participants were young adults who used dating apps and have had sexual relations with partners found through these apps. Research findings show results that are relatively similar to previous research. The results highlighted that dating app was used to find friends or partners and as a means of channeling sexual desire. On one hand, participants were aware of the consequences of the practice of unprotected sex with multiple partners. On the other hand, they expressed a preference for engaging in risky sexual behaviors rather than refraining from them, with various justified and rationalized reasons that they were quite safe. Moreover, this study also noted the instance of men committing sexual violations against women who were made vulnerable and become “trapped” as victims of a sexual offense.
Responsive parenting contributes to the friendship quality formed in adolescents. Previous studies failed to fully explain the relationship process between responsive parenting and friendship quality. Empathy is one of the interpersonal skills formed through responsive parenting. Therefore, this study aims to examine the role of empathy in responsive parenting relations with friendship quality. A total of 450 respondents, including the early, middle, and late adolescents aged 12-15, 15-18, and 18-20 years, were selected as participants. Responsive parenting, empathy style, and friendship quality was measured using the Parental Responsiveness Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and the McGill Friendship Questionnaires-Friend's Functions. The research data were analyzed using regression analysis and Sobel test. The results showed that empathy is a mediator in the relationship between responsive parenting and friendship quality. Also, responsive parenting does not directly predict friendship quality but first develops fantasy and personal stress styles. Adolescents with high personal distress show sensitivity to the feelings and thoughts of their friends because the relationships formed are of higher quality.
Student well-being has become a significant goal and outcome of quality education. The “PROSPER (Positivity, Relationships, Outcomes, Strengths, Purpose, Engagement, Resilience) student well-being” is a framework that provides a holistic approach to improve student’s well-being. This study aimed to explore the construct of student well-being in the West Java high school population, based on the PROSPER framework. We focused on exploring high school students in urban areas. A qualitative study was conducted in three different language zones in West Java by using observations and interviews. The data were collected by six enumerators with a total of 108 students using a sequential approach thematic analysis. The study found that student well-being and its components were consistent with the framework. However, we proposed the subcomponents of student well-being and its definitions that reflect the unique characteristics of the population. The study also found that personal factors, social factors, and physical urban environments may influence well-being from students' perspectives. This study suggests that the PROSPER framework can be used to describe student well-being and also guides the government to develop educational policies and intervention programs at school.
Year to year, the suicide rate among academics in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province has risen because of various factors. Suicidal behavior results from suicidal ideation, which is triggered by negative emotions that cause psychological stress, such as depression. On the other hand, numerous previous studies found a contribution of happiness and depression to suicidal ideation. Hence, this study examined the significance of the role of happiness in moderating the effect of depression on suicidal ideation. Further, this was a survey study on academics in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province (n = 182). Moderator analysis was applied in this study using the PROCESS Macro version 3.0 installed in the IBM SPSS 23.00. The study’s findings have shown that happiness significantly moderates the effect of depression on suicidal ideation. The happier the person is, the lesser the depression impacts suicidal ideation. Moreover, these findings suggest that clinical psychologists working with academic clients should pay attention to increasing happiness as a resource for psychological interventions to reduce the severity of depression’s effect on suicidal ideation.
Stepfather–stepdaughter relationship quality is linked to the child’s psychological well-being and stepfamily stability. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the dynamics of these relationships among sociodemographically diverse stepfamilies including families in different cultures. The aim of this research was to explore two Indonesian young women’s interpretations of the quality of their relationships with their stepfathers. The phenomenological study was conducted via interviews, and the women discussed their experiences in depth. The women’s perceptions of the quality of their connections with their stepfathers were primarily influenced by their stepfathers’ to build the relationships. The five dimensions of the theory of relationship quality were applied to assessing the women’s relationships with their stepfathers, and both women reported their relationships as largely negative, although one did have some positive memories. Suggestions are offered for future research that can expand on these findings, for instance through collecting data from all involved biological parents and stepparents.
This psychometric study aims to contribute to the evolving cross-cultural definition of workaholism by exploring the reliability and validity of using the Workaholism Battery (WorkBAT; Spence & Robbins, 1992) in a sample of 183 full-time white-collar workers in Malaysia. Using data from online surveys, collected from full-time white-collar workers in the private and public sectors, factor analysis was used to indicate factor solutions contributing to the definition of workaholism based on the Spence and Robbins (1992) model of high work involvement, high work drive, and low work enjoyment. The study identified three factors and reassigned the items between them into work enjoyment, work drive, and work withdrawal. A 2-step cluster analysis identified four profiles of work adaptability as workaholics, enthusiastic workaholics, anxious workers, and moderate workers. Criterion validity with working hours was not established indicating workaholism as a distinct construct as suggested by previous studies. Our analysis produced a 3-factor solution suggesting a further syndromic view of the addiction to work. The addition of the third factor of work withdrawal indicates a further shift into looking at workaholism with a clinical lens.
