Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that plays a critical role in maintaining human physiological metabolism. Among its various forms, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been found to possess higher degree of bioavailability and lower toxicity. This study screened 21 probiotics and identified a Se(IV)-resistant strain of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SCFF20 that effectively converts sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to SeNPs. The SeNPs produced by L. paracasei SCFF20 were purified, freeze-dried, and systematically characterized using SEM-EDX, DLS, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and FTIR techniques. SEM–EDX analysis revealed that Se was the primary constituent of the biogenic nanoparticles. The synthesized SeNPs were spherical and polydisperse, with an average particle size of approximately 500.62 nm. XRD patterns and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the biologically amorphous nature of the fabricated nanoparticles. Additionally, FTIR spectral analyses demonstrated the presence of proteins, exopolysaccharides, and lipids coating the surface of the SeNPs. Moreover, the reduction rate of SeNPs, as measured by ICP-OES, was determined to be 91.42%. The findings of this study highlight the potential of L. paracasei SCFF20 as a probiotic capable of producing SeNPs, which can be used as a bio-factory for the safe production of biogenic SeNPs for nutritional supplements and functional foods.
2022 and 2023 mark the 70th anniversary of the Chinese Society of Microbiology and Acta Microbiaogica Sinica， respectively. China’s prokaryotic microbial taxonomy research has gone through 70 years from starting from scratch， tracking and imitating to gradually entering the international stage， from following and running to being in the international advanced ranks as a whole， leading international counterparts in some fields， and providing microbial data services for international counterparts. These achievements are the result of the efforts of generations of scholars in the field of prokaryotic microbial taxonomy in China， and the result of the resonance of the same frequency with national development and national rejuvenation. Especially in the past 30 years， China’s prokaryotic microbial taxonomy has made remarkable achievements in terms of theory， method innovation and novel species discovery， and its status and influence in the international community have been increasing， and it has gradually become the leading force in the field of international prokaryotic systematic taxonomy. Based on respecting history and being objective and realistic， this review sorts out the development context and achievements of bacteria and archaea taxonomy and related fields in China in the past 70 years， and looks forward to the latest development direction in this field.
Seed, the specific reproductive organ of spermatophyte, is recognized as a potent reservoir and vector for beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms which play important roles in the growth, development, health, quality, and yield of plants. Plant microbiome, especially rhizosphere microbiome and phyllosphere microbiome, has attracted wide attention and flourished with the development of microbial ecology and related technology. However, seed microbiome is still a virgin field absent from enough concern. Bacteria are well known as the dominant microorganisms in seed endophytes. In this review we summarized the progress in the composition, biological function, transmission, and core microbiome of seed bacteriome.We further expounded the definition and significance of core microbiome in seed endophytes and proposed the questions to be solved, aiming to provide guidance for the future research in the leading-edge area.
快速准确地识别和鉴定微生物对于环境科、食品质量以及医学诊断等领域研究至关重要.拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy)已经被证明是一种能够实现微生物快速诊断的新技术,在提供微生物指纹图谱信息的同时,能够快速、非标记、无创、敏感地在固体和液体环境中实现微生物单细胞水平的检测.本文简单介绍了拉曼光谱的基本概念和原理,重点综述了拉曼光谱微生物检测应用中的样品处理方法及光谱数据处理方法.除此之外,本文概括了拉曼光谱在细菌、病毒和真菌中的应用,其中单独概括了拉曼在细菌快速鉴定和抗生素药敏检测中的应用.最后,本文阐述了拉曼光谱在微生物检测中的挑战和展望.
Environmental microorganisms are the primary decomposers in nature， and their genetic and metabolic diversity make them crucial for breaking down organic pollutants. With the continuous release of pharmaceuticals into the environment， their potential effects on human health and environmental risks have become a topic of concern. Thus， understanding the biodegradation process of pharmaceuticals in the environment is essential for assessing their environmental fate and developing removal technology for pharmaceutical pollutants. This paper aims to focus on the microbial degradation pathways and molecular mechanisms of frequently occurred pharmaceuticals in the environment. We also summarize the current progresses in the field of microbial pharmaceutical degradation and discuss the potential research directions.
