The following changes in the taxonomy of fossil Tipulomorpha are introduced. The genus Triassochoristites Hong and Guo, 2003 is transferred from the Mecoptera to the Diptera: Tipulomorpha: Archilimoniidae. This addition prompted us to present a new diagnosis for the Archilimoniidae. The genus Ceuthoneura Zhang, Zhang, Liu and Shangguan, 1986 is placed in the Limoniidae. New synonyms are: Zhangobiidae Evenhuis, 1994 is synonymized with Limoniidae, and the genus Zhangobia Evenhuis, 1994 is presented as a younger synonym of Architipula Handlirsch, 1906. The genus Mesotrichocera Hong and Wang, 1990 is synonymized with Grimmenia Krzemiński and Zessin, 1990. Due to preoccupations the following new names are introduced: Cheilotrichia ( Cheilotrichia ) duplicata Krzemiński, 2019, is rena¬med Cheilotrichia ( Cheilotrichia ) wightensis Oosterbroek and Krzemiński; Dicranomyia ( Dicranomyia ) fasciata Krzemiński, 2019 is renamed Dicranomyia ( Dicranomyia ) britannica Krzemiński & Oosterbroek. Two species of Helius ( H. hispanicus and H. turolensis ) are re-published due to missing obligatory re¬gistration in the Zoobank in original papers; H. hispanicus is described as H. ibericus Kania-Kłosok, Krzemiński and Arillo, sp. nov. due to preoccupied name. Tipula oligocenica Kania & Nel, 2013, is replaced by the new name Tipula ( Tipula ) jarzembowskii Kania & Nel.
This article presents the results of an archaeozoological analysis of a collection of 1002 post-consumption bone remains, which were recovered from the site of a former Dominican Monastery inŁęczyca (Łódzkie Voivodeship, Poland). The material comes from excavations carried out in 2020-2021. The objective of the research was to reconstruct the meat consumption patterns, animal husbandry practices and economic importance of animals in the community residing in the monastery between the 2nd half of the 13th century and the end of the 18th century. The analysed mammal and bird remains were retrieved from layers that were dated to the 13th-16th century (Phase I) and the 16th-18th century (Phase II). The analysis of the Order of Preachers' culinary offerings revealed a diet consisting mainly of beef, followed by mutton, goat and pork. In addition to the benefits of keeping domesticated livestock, the friars also consumed poultry (mainly geese as well as, to a lesser extent, chickens, turkeys and ducks). They also made use of live poultry. Valuable parts of the carcass, obtained from animals of differing ages, were consumed. Hunting played a negligible role in their diet, as is evidenced by the presence of a very low proportion of bones from wild animals, such as roe deer, red deer and fox.
In this study, changes in the body size of domestic cattle in Northeastern Poland, from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern period, are investigated based on over 800 measurements of metapodial bones from sites in Mazovia, Podlachia and Western Polesie. The focus is on estimating the withers height and examining sex-based differences, in order to better understand the breeding strategies and herd compo- sition over time. While earlier research has addressed cattle morphology in Poland, data from post-Early Medieval eastern regions remains limited. This analysis reveals regional and chronological patterns, in- cluding greater diversity in the cattle withers height during the Early Modern period. In Mazovia, bulls decreased in size while cows became more variable, likely due to crossbreeding with imported livestock. In Podlachia, cows grew larger and more diverse; while in Polesie, the steer height declined, which was possibly linked to changes in castration practices. The findings confirm that small and medium-sized cattle predominated, with larger individuals appearing sporadically. The data suggests long-term herd manage- ment prioritising milk production and cow-dominant herds. These results underscore the need for further research in underrepresented areas, to better understand the transition from the Late Medieval to the Early Modern period.
Detailed egg number variations for the polymorphic meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (L.) that were obtained from continuous mass breeding experiments in fully laboratory conditions are reported for the first time. Genetic crossing experiments with certain colour/pattern phenotypes were set up using unmated virgin insects. Three generations were reared during the three-year period of the experiments. A total of 21,213 eggs were produced through 247 pairings. The general median number of eggs per pairing was 76. Egg numbers for the insects from New Zealand, Türkiye and Wales (UK) were comparable. Although the maximum number of 378 eggs was produced by a Typicus phenotype from Türkiye, the medians showed no sign of statistical differences among the three populations. However, the median number of eggs among the F1, F2 and F3 generations were different. The median test applies to the Wales data regarding the combined egg numbers of Melanic, Typicus and Trilineatus groups of phenotypes. The Melanic group of females produced more eggs (81) than Typicus (42) and Trilineatus (72), although with no statistically significant differences. The methods used allow for the maintenance of P . spumarius as a stock for consecutive overlapping generations, which may facilitate the management of future ecological and evolutionary investigations in this spittlebug as a dependable laboratory model organism. The results also will contribute to the debates and implications for breeding studies of P . spumarius in the field of population ecology.
Data on the morphology, biology and distribution of three species of the genus Rhingia Scopoli occurring in Poland are presented. Specimens from this genus deposited in Polish museums and private collections are evaluated. A key to the species Rhingia borealis , R . campestris and R . rostrata is given, along with unpublished photographs of males and females and their terminalia.
