This work presents a model-based workflow to estimate the intrinsic electrical conductivity σ of para- and diamagnetic ring-shaped samples (RS) using an analytical eddy current (EC) model, with experimental validation and finite element analysis (FEA) cross-checks. Focusing on para- and diamagnetic materials with μr≈1 and high conductivity σ, the approach leverages the absence of hysteresis so that measured losses are purely due to eddy currents, enabling direct EC loss modeling. To render the corresponding IEC standard RS signal models for field strength and flux density applicable for low permeability materials, the circumferential field homogeneity is investigated via 3D magnetostatic FEA, and the air-flux compensation using a matched empty-coil setup is validated. EC losses are measured on AlMg3 and Cu RS across a range of frequencies and field strengths, then fitted using a 2D toroidal analytical EC loss model to estimate the conductivity σ̃ alongside the effective specimen height h̃ and the width w̃ via a least-squares error functional that mitigates geometric uncertainties. Using the estimated parameters, 3D EC-FEA provides independent loss predictions for cross-verification. Experimental results, analytical predictions, and 3D EC-FEA show close agreement, and independent van-der-Pauw measurements on cloverleaf samples corroborate the estimated conductivities. A Monte Carlo study indicates robust parameter recovery with limited measurement subsets, confirming the method’s efficiency and reliability. Overall, the workflow establishes a validated, computationally efficient pathway to extract the intrinsic conductivity σ from RS measurements by combining analytical EC modeling, targeted measurement setup design, and 3D FEA cross-validation.
We investigated the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in Fe-intercalated titanium disulfide (FexTiS2), where Fe atoms are intercalated between 1 T-TiS2 layers. Although this system is known to exhibit a large AHE, the temperature and concentration dependences of the anomalous Hall coefficient (RS) remain unclear. In this work, we systematically studied single crystals of FexTiS2 (0<x≤0.50) using magnetic and transport measurements. Our aim was to clarify the origin of the AHE across different magnetic states, including spin glass, cluster glass, and ferromagnetic phases. We found that Rs exhibits a pronounced temperature dependence associated with spin fluctuations. In the paramagnetic regime, RS remained nearly constant, whereas it decreased markedly upon cooling into the magnetically ordered phase and saturated at low temperatures. This temperature dependence shows an overall correlation with the spin-disorder-scattering contribution to the longitudinal resistivity, indicating that thermally driven spin fluctuations of intercalated Fe moments play a key role in determining the AHE. Furthermore, the extrapolated ground-state anomalous Hall coefficient RSGND showed only weak dependence on Fe concentration, while the paramagnetic-phase coefficient RSPara exhibited a pronounced dependence on x. These results suggest that the low-temperature anomalous Hall response is largely constrained by the TiS2-derived electronic structure, whereas the high-temperature paramagnetic response is strongly influenced by spin-fluctuation-mediated scattering and the Fe concentration-dependent magnetic and structural states. Our results provide a unified view of how magnetic order, disorder, and spin fluctuations govern anomalous Hall transport in FexTiS2, demonstrating that magnetic intercalation compounds are promising platforms for studying spin–charge coupling in disordered magnetic systems.
Soft Magnetic Composite (SMC) materials are prepared using specific layers. Layers must show electrical insulating behaviour, provide mechanical strength, and in general don't own magnetic properties. Using the Layer-by-Layer process, it is possible to obtain multi-functional layers. For the polymer/silica layer system, a layer is doped with magnetic nanoparticles in order to improve some magnetic properties. The use of a magnetic layer in LbL SMC products permits the reduction of iron losses. Six proposed SMC systems encompassing the developed, innovative multi-functional magnetic layers have been prepared and thoroughly analyzed through a characterisation campaign, including the study of surface morphology with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and magnetic properties with a Single Sheet Tester (SST). The effect of magnetic doping in the deposited layer and the number of layers has been investigated.
Soft magnetic nanocrystalline tape-wound cores are produced using the FAST/SPS process at different temperatures and pressures. The FAST/SPS method allows the adjustment of the hysteresis loop as a function of pressure. By controlling the temperature during compaction, both rectangular and flat hysteresis loops can be produced for the Vitroperm 800 alloy. The method is also applied to the Nanomet high-B alloy since high heating rates can also be used in the FAST/SPS process. The obtained Nanomet tape-wound cores combine a high saturation polarization of 1.6 T with a low coercivity of 7 A/m. A comparison with conventional electrical steel sheets for motors and transformers shows significantly lower losses for the Nanomet tape-wound core.
BACKGROUND Scalp psoriasis affects approximately 80% of patients with psoriasis and presents therapeutic challenges related to treatment adherence, formulation selection, and quality of life. Updated management recommendations are needed. METHODS A Delphi consensus study involving 53 dermatologists from the Psoriasis Working Group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV) was conducted. Following a literature review, experts evaluated 47 recommendations using a 7-point Likert scale, with consensus defined as at least 75% agreement or disagreement. Preferences for topical vehicles and systemic treatments were also assessed. RESULTS Consensus was reached on 34 recommendations. Topical corticosteroids, particularly high-potency agents, were recommended as first-line treatment. Combinations with vitamin D analogues were supported for initial and maintenance therapy, while keratolytic agents combined with corticosteroids were considered appropriate for severe scaling. Scalp-compatible formulations, including lotions, solutions, shampoos, gels, and creams using Polyaphron Dispersion (PAD) technology, were favored. Systemic treatment was considered appropriate for severe symptoms or impaired quality of life, with IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors receiving the highest preference scores (8.84 and 8.32, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This Delphi consensus provides updated, clinically applicable recommendations for scalp psoriasis management, emphasizing effective topical therapies, appropriate formulations, treatment adherence, and individualized systemic treatment selection.
